Children,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(3), P. 343 - 343
Published: March 9, 2025
Objectives:
The
aim
was
to
simultaneously
investigate
inflammatory
biomarkers,
neopterin,
the
kynurenine/tryptophan
(Kyn/Trp)
pathway,
vitamin
D
(VitD),
binding
protein
(VDBP),
and
erythrocyte
folate,
in
cerebral
palsy
(CP).
Methods:
A
case–control
study
conducted
at
Mersin
University
Hospital.
Three-
ten-year-old
patients
with
spastic
CP
(n
=
50)
age-
gender-matched
healthy
controls
55)
were
included.
Serum
levels
of
Trp,
Kyn
25OHD,
plasma
VDBP,
folate
concentrations
measured.
Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase
1
(IDO-1)
enzyme
activity
evaluated
according
Kyn/Trp
ratio.
Comparison
correlation
analyses
performed.
Results:
lower
children
than
(p
0.037,
p
<
0.001,
0.003,
respectively).
IDO1
not
significantly
different
between
control
groups
0.214).
VitD
VDBP
higher
0.001
level
also
0.001).
No
significant
found
age
biomarkers
group.
Neopterin
correlated
Gross
Motor
Function
Classification
System
(GMFCS)
(r
0.292,
0.044),
while
there
no
other
GMFCS
Conclusions:
Inflammatory
neopterin
are
lower,
higher,
anti-inflammatory
is
compared
children.
More
knowledge
needed
demonstrate
status
CP.
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: June 21, 2023
Tryptophan
(Trp)
is
an
essential
amino
acid
that
can
be
metabolized
via
endogenous
and
exogenous
pathways,
including
the
Kynurenine
Pathway,
5-Hydroxyindole
Pathway
(also
Serotonin
pathway),
Microbial
pathway.
Of
these,
Trp
metabolic
pathways
in
gut
have
recently
been
extensively
studied
for
their
production
of
bioactive
molecules.
The
microbiota
plays
important
role
host
metabolism
immunity,
microbial
metabolites
influence
development
progression
various
diseases,
inflammatory,
cardiovascular
neurological
cancer,
by
mediating
body’s
immunity.
This
review
briefly
outlines
crosstalk
between
microorganisms
body,
starting
from
three
Trp.
mechanisms
which
act
on
organism
immunity
are
summarized,
potential
implications
disease
prevention
treatment
highlighted.
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: Aug. 1, 2023
Obesity
is
associated
with
gastrointestinal
(GI)
tract
and
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
disorders.
High-fat
diet
(HFD)
feeding-induced
obesity
in
mice
induces
dysbiosis,
causing
a
shift
toward
bacteria-derived
metabolites
detrimental
effects
on
metabolism
inflammation:
events
often
contributing
to
the
onset
progression
of
both
GI
CNS
Palmitoylethanolamide
(PEA)
an
endogenous
lipid
mediator
beneficial
mouse
models
However,
mechanisms
underlining
its
enteroprotective
neuroprotective
still
need
be
fully
understood.
Here,
we
aimed
study
PEA
intestinal
inflammation
microbiota
alterations
resulting
from
overnutrition.
Ultramicronized
(30
mg/kg/die
per
os)
was
administered
HFD-fed
for
7
weeks
starting
at
12th
week
HFD
regimen.
At
termination
study,
inflammatory
factors
cells,
gut
microbial
features
tryptophan
(TRP)-kynurenine
were
evaluated.
regulates
crosstalk
between
host
immune
via
rebalancing
colonic
TRP
metabolites.
treatment
reduced
cell
recruitment,
response
triggered
by
feeding,
corticotropin-releasing
hormone
levels.
In
particular,
modulated
HFD-altered
colon,
serotonin
(5-HT)
turnover
reducing
kynurenine
These
reshaping
composition
through
increased
butyrate-promoting/producing
bacteria,
such
as
Bifidobacterium,
Oscillospiraceae
Turicibacter
sanguinis,
latter
also
described
5-HT
sensor.
data
indicate
that
rebuilding
following
supplementation
promotes
biosynthesis,
which
crucial
regulating
function.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(5), P. 2915 - 2915
Published: March 2, 2024
In
the
era
of
a
steadily
increasing
lifespan,
neurodegenerative
diseases
among
elderly
present
significant
therapeutic
and
socio-economic
challenge.
A
properly
balanced
diet
microbiome
diversity
have
been
receiving
attention
as
targets
for
interventions
in
neurodegeneration.
Microbiota
may
affect
cognitive
function,
neuronal
survival
death,
gut
dysbiosis
was
identified
Parkinson’s
disease
(PD).
Tryptophan
(Trp),
an
essential
amino
acid,
is
degraded
by
microbiota
hosts
numerous
compounds
with
immune-
neuromodulating
properties.
This
broad
narrative
review
presents
data
supporting
concept
that
microbiota,
Trp-kynurenine
(KYN)
pathway
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptors
(AhRs)
form
triad
involved
PD.
disturbed
gut–brain
axis
allows
bidirectional
spread
pro-inflammatory
molecules
α-synuclein,
which
contribute
to
development/progression
disease.
We
suggest
peripheral
levels
kynurenines
AhR
ligands
are
strongly
linked
Trp
metabolism
should
be
studied
together
composition
microbiota.
Such
approach
can
clearly
delineate
sub-populations
PD
patients
manifesting
microbiota–Trp-KYN–brain
triad,
who
would
benefit
from
modifications
metabolism.
Analyses
microbiome,
Trp-KYN
metabolites
signaling
shed
light
on
mechanisms
intestinal
distress
identify
new
diagnosis
treatment
early-stage
Therapeutic
based
combination
well-defined
food
regimen,
probiotics
seem
potential
require
further
experimental
clinical
research.
Journal of Neural Transmission,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
131(12), P. 1367 - 1387
Published: Aug. 7, 2024
Millions
of
individuals
around
the
world
are
afflicted
with
Parkinson's
disease
(PD),
a
prevalent
and
incapacitating
neurodegenerative
disorder.
Dr.
Reichmann,
distinguished
professor
neurologist,
has
made
substantial
advancements
in
domain
PD
research,
encompassing
both
fundamental
scientific
investigations
practical
applications.
His
research
illuminated
etiology
treatment
PD,
as
well
function
energy
metabolism
premotor
symptoms.
As
precursor
to
number
neurotransmitters
neuromodulators
that
implicated
pathophysiology
he
also
investigated
application
tryptophan
(Trp)
derivatives
disease.
principal
findings
insights
summarized
synthesized
this
narrative
review
article,
which
emphasizes
challenges
implications
for
future
research.
This
aims
identify
analyze
key
contributions
Reichmann
field
ultimate
goal
informing
directions
domain.
By
examining
Reichmann's
work,
study
seeks
provide
comprehensive
understanding
his
major
how
they
can
be
applied
advance
diagnosis
PD.
paper
explores
potential
intersection
emerging
avenues,
such
investigation
Trp
its
metabolites,
particularly
kynurenines,
could
lead
new
therapeutic
strategies
managing
disorders
like
International Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 13, 2024
Abstract
The
intricate
and
dynamic
tryptophan
(Trp)
metabolic
pathway
in
both
the
microbiome
host
cells
highlights
its
profound
implications
for
health
disease.
This
involves
complex
interactions
between
cellular
bacteria
processes,
producing
bioactive
compounds
such
as
5-hydroxytryptamine
(5-HT)
kynurenine
derivatives.
Immune
responses
to
Trp
metabolites
through
specific
receptors
have
been
explored,
highlighting
role
of
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
inflammation
modulation.
Dysregulation
this
is
implicated
various
diseases,
Alzheimer’s
Parkinson’s
mood
disorders,
neuronal
autoimmune
diseases
multiple
sclerosis
(MS),
cancer.
In
article,
we
describe
impact
5-HT,
Trp,
indole,
on
Furthermore,
review
microbiome-derived
that
affect
immune
contribute
maintaining
homeostasis,
especially
an
experimental
encephalitis
model
MS.
Separations,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9(12), P. 395 - 395
Published: Nov. 28, 2022
Grapes
are
rich
in
phenolic
compounds,
being
important
for
human
health
with
anti-inflammatory,
antiatherosclerotic,
antimutagenic,
anticarcinogenic,
antibacterial,
antiviral,
and
antimicrobial
activity.
The
winemaking
of
the
grapes
generates
significant
amounts
waste.
These
wastes
contain
bioactive
compounds
their
biomass
that
can
be
used
as
a
source
food
improvement
or
nutrition
supplementation.
This
study
looks
at
content
polyphenolic
profile,
antioxidant
activity
different
white
red
grape
pomaces.
investigation
characteristics
(total
polyphenols,
total
flavonoids,
catechins,
tannins,
activity)
was
carried
out
by
UV-Vis
spectrophotometric
methods,
while
individual
composition
investigated
target
screening
UHPLC-HRMS/MS
analysis.
Principal
components
(PCA)
heat
maps
analysis
allows
discrimination
between
pomace
resulted
from
cultivars
(Muscat
Ottonel
Tamaioasa
Romaneasca)
pomaces
(Cabernet
Sauvignon,
Merlot,
Feteasca
Neagra,
Burgund
Mare,
Pinot
Nore),
identification
specific
each
type.
