Immune system, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 81 - 98
Published: Nov. 8, 2024
Language: Английский
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19
Published: April 28, 2025
Autophagy contributes to cellular homeostasis by regulating the degradation and recycling of damaged organelles misfolded proteins. In central nervous system (CNS), impaired autophagy inflammation, disrupts metabolism, leads accumulation toxic protein aggregates that accelerate progression neurodegenerative diseases. addition its role in organelle turnover, facilitates elimination pathogenic bacteria viruses, whose infections can also lead neurological diseases neuroinflammatory processes. Astrocytes, most abundant glial cells CNS, play a crucial maintaining neuronal neurotransmitter balance, ion exchange, metabolic support. During neurodegeneration, they become reactive, actively participating responses releasing proinflammatory cytokines, activating microglia, removing aggregates. Cytokine-mediated changes astrocytes influence viability neurotransmission. plays an important tuning astrocyte-dependent activity neurons under physiological conditions pathological activation disease, injury or stimuli. this review, we highlight contribution neurodegeneration from perspective their cytoskeleton, process which cytoskeleton role, support neurons. The modulation at different stages has potential serve as additional therapeutic target CNS
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17
Published: May 7, 2025
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition associated with aging. As the population ages, incidence of AD has risen annually, making it fourth leading cause death, following cardiovascular disease, cancer, and stroke. The main pathological features are now thought to include accumulation extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, formation intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, reduction in synaptic connections cerebral cortex hippocampus. Polyphenols help protect against by influencing Aβ metabolism. Research shown that polyphenols particularly effective reducing inflammation inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-activated TNF-κB activity, indicating their significant pharmacological activity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play role regulating miRNA stability protein expression after transcription. They prevalent brain tissue can specifically influence neuronal growth synapses. levels miRNAs brains patients significantly differ from those healthy individuals same age. have been recognized as potential biological markers therapeutic targets for early diagnosis AD. It important note gene regulation affecting various miRNAs, suggesting link between polyphenols, AD, miRNAs. This review examines whether impact APP Aβ. Additionally, we explored effects on related
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 787 - 787
Published: May 15, 2024
Neuroinfections rank among the top ten leading causes of child mortality globally, even in high-income countries. The crucial determinants for successful treatment lie timing and swiftness diagnosis. Although viruses constitute majority infectious neuropathologies, diagnosing treating viral neuroinfections remains challenging. Despite technological advancements, etiology disease undetermined over half cases. identification pathogen becomes more difficult when infection is caused by atypical pathogens or multiple simultaneously. Furthermore, modern surge global passenger traffic has led to an increase cases infections not endemic local areas. This review aims systematize summarize information on neuroinvasive pathogens, encompassing their geographic distribution transmission routes. Emphasis placed rare involving aiming offer a comprehensive structured catalog agents with neurovirulence potential.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(45), P. 7463 - 7471
Published: Nov. 8, 2023
Astrocytes are emerging as key regulators of cognitive function and behavior. This review highlights some the latest advances in understanding astrocyte roles different behavioral domains across lifespan disease. We address specific molecular circuit mechanisms by which astrocytes modulate behavior, discuss their functional diversity versatility, highlight astrocyte-targeted treatment strategies that might alleviate dysfunction pathologic conditions. Converging evidence model systems manipulations is revealing regulate processes a precise context-dependent manner. Improved these astrocytic functions may generate new therapeutic for various conditions with impairments.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(20), P. 1724 - 1724
Published: Oct. 18, 2024
Astrocytes are essential for maintaining brain homeostasis. Alterations in their activity have been associated with various pathologies. Sex differences were reported to affect astrocyte development and activity, even susceptibility different neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims summarize the current knowledge on effects of sex health disease.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14
Published: May 25, 2023
Type I interferons have long been appreciated as a cytokine family that regulates antiviral immunity. Recently, their role in eliciting antitumor immune responses has gained increasing attention. Within the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), stimulate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to promote clearance and essentially reshape “cold” TME into an immune-activating “hot” TME. In this review, we focus on gliomas, with emphasis malignant glioblastoma, these brain tumors possess highly invasive heterogenous We address how type regulate against gliomas overall landscape of Furthermore, discuss findings can translate future immunotherapies targeting general.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18
Published: March 20, 2024
Neuroinflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, including viral infections. Viruses directly invade the brain and infect neuronal cells or indirectly trigger a “cytokine storm” in periphery that eventually leads to microglial activation brain. While this initial of is important for clearance, chronic excessive inflammation oxidative stress, which neurotoxic. Remarkebly, recent studies have shown certain viruses such as influenza A virus, coronavirus, herpes virus Epstein–Barr may involved development neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s multiple sclerosis. Therefore, it find therapeutic strategies against neuroinflammation Here, we investigated effects urolithin (UA) on vitro induced mimetic, poly I:C, triple co-culture system neurons, astrocytes cells. Immunocytochemistry was used perform comprehensive single-cell analysis morphological changes microglia an indicator their reactive state. Treatment with UA significantly prevented I:C-induced state microglia, characterized increased expression markers CD68 IBA-1. restored morphology restoring ramification. In addition, able reduce release pro-inflammatory mediators CCL2, TNF-α, IL-1β showed trend toward attenuation cellular ROS production I:C-treated cultures. Overall, study suggests component healthy diet help prevent virus-induced potential future treat targeting associated neuroinflammatory processes.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Acta Neuropathologica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 147(1)
Published: May 27, 2024
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 virus that led to COVID-19 is associated with significant and long-lasting neurologic symptoms in many patients, an increased mortality risk for people Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and/or Down syndrome (DS). However, few studies have evaluated the neuropathological inflammatory sequelae postmortem brain tissue obtained from AD DS severe infections. We examined tau, beta-amyloid (Aβ), markers nucleoprotein DS, AD, healthy non-demented controls compared non-infected each group (total n = 24). A nested ANOVA was used determine regional effects of infection on arborization astrocytes (Sholl analysis) percent-stained area Iba-1 TMEM 119. antibodies labeled neurons glial cells frontal cortex all subjects COVID-19, hippocampus two three cases. SARS-CoV-2-related alterations were observed peri-vascular microglial gray matter cortex, hippocampus, para-hippocampal gyrus. Bright field microscopy revealed scattered intracellular diffuse extracellular Aβ deposits confirmed Overall, present preliminary findings suggest infections induce abnormal responses syndrome.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Journal of General Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(10)
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Nipah virus (NiV) and Ebola (EBOV) are highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses with case fatality rates of up to 90%. While the brain is a known target organ following NiV infection, involvement central nervous system in EBOV-infected patients only became more evident after West African epidemic 2013-2016. To gain deeper comprehension neurotropism EBOV respect cells, affected regions local inflammatory responses, murine organotypic slices (BS) were established infected. Both demonstrated capacity infect BS from adult wt mice lacking receptor for type I IFNs (IFNAR
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Neurological disorders encompass multifaceted and heterogeneous ailments that influence the whole body though central peripheral nervous systems. These conditions give rise to a variety of incapacitating symptoms, thereby exerting an important impact on overall well-being countless individuals across globe. This book chapter provides overview complex realm neurological formidable obstacles they present within framework theranostics, with objective tailoring personalized treatment. The foremost common will be covered, including but not limited Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, accentuating their clinical pathophysiology profound onus impose upon patients, carers, healthcare For timely identification disease onset precise categorization, diagnostic methodologies included, encompassing neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, genetic profiling. However, encountered in development efficacious theranostic strategies for also mentioned (e.g., drug delivery blood-brain barrier). elucidation emerging technologies, nanomedicine, gene therapy, precision medicine, presents promising avenues surmounting these challenges heralding novel epoch therapeutics. By establishing connection between diagnosis treatment, researchers clinicians can strive offer more effective interventions address nature disorders.
Language: Английский
Citations
1