The neural basis of affective empathy: what is known from rodents

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110347 - 110347

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Migraine and stroke: correlation, coexistence, dependence - a modern perspective

The Journal of Headache and Pain, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Migraine is a chronic neurological condition that has well-documented, yet not fully understood connection to stroke, particularly in patients who experience migraine with aura (MA). Although can rarely be directly related the form of migrainous infarction, it serves as an independent risk factor, when combined other factors such smoking or hypertension. This study will thoroughly review and summarize existing literature regarding relationship between stroke. Several key processes are common both stroke migraine. These include cortical spreading depression, MA, endothelial dysfunction, which activates local inflammatory responses, vasculopathy, often appears white matter hyperintensities on neuroimaging. Furthermore, microRNAs also play significant role pathogenesis by targeting genes CALCA, regulates calcitonin gene-related peptide, factor involved pathophysiology conditions. There several genetic links including monogenic diseases loci. Moreover, various conditions linked patent foramen ovale (PFO), atrial fibrillation, carotid artery dissection, platelet dyslipidemia, obesity, hyperhomocysteinemia, elevated estrogen levels, hormonal contraceptives. Notably, PFO found have experienced cryptogenic well those MA. While microemboli associated may provoke ischemic events attacks, effectiveness closure alleviating symptoms produced varying results. worse outcomes after larger volumes poorer functional outcomes, while migraines hemorrhagic less understood. serve mimic (condition presenting similar stroke) chameleon (unrecognized misdiagnosed migraine), leading diagnostic treatment errors. The interplay complex, involving shared overlapping factors. cause for precise mechanisms remain unclear, warranting further research clarify their enhance clinical management.

Language: Английский

---

Immunoception: the insular cortex perspective

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(11), P. 1270 - 1276

Published: June 29, 2023

Abstract To define the systemic neuroimmune interactions in health and disease, we recently suggested immunoception as a term that refers to existence of bidirectional functional loops between brain immune system. This concept suggests constantly monitors changes activity and, turn, can regulate system generate physiologically synchronized response. Therefore, has represent information regarding state system, which occure multiple ways. One such representation is an immunengram, trace partially stored by neurons local tissue. review will discuss our current understanding immunengrams, focusing on their manifestation specific region, insular cortex (IC).

Language: Английский

---

Stress, pain, anxiety, and depression in endometriosis–Targeting glial activation and inflammation

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 111942 - 111942

Published: April 2, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Insula?Amygdala and Insula?Thalamus Pathways Are Involved in Comorbid Chronic Pain and Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(15), P. e2062232024 - e2062232024

Published: March 7, 2024

The comorbidity of chronic pain and depression poses tremendous challenges for the treatment either one because they exacerbate each other with unknown mechanisms. As posterior insular cortex (PIC) integrates multiple somatosensory emotional information is implicated in or depression, we hypothesize that PIC its projections may contribute to pathophysiology comorbid depression. We show neurons were readily activated by mechanical, thermal, aversive, stressful appetitive stimulation naive neuropathic male mice subjected spared nerve injury (SNI). Optogenetic activation induced hyperalgesia conditioned place aversion mice, whereas inhibition these led analgesia, preference (CPP), antidepressant effect both SNI mice. Combining neuronal tracing, optogenetics, electrophysiological techniques, found monosynaptic glutamatergic from basolateral amygdala (BLA) ventromedial nucleus (VM) thalamus mimicked modulation mice; enhanced accompanied hyperactivity PIC, BLA, VM CPP, antidepressant-like effect. present study suggests potentiation PIC→BLA PIC→VM be important pathophysiological bases depression-like behavior reversing a promising therapeutic strategy

Language: Английский

---

The psychophysiology of music-based interventions and the experience of pain

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 10, 2024

In modern times there is increasing acceptance that music-based interventions are useful aids in the clinical treatment of a range neurological and psychiatric conditions, including helping to reduce perception pain. Indeed, belief music, whether listening or performing, can alter human pain experiences has long history, dating back ancient Greeks, its potential healing properties have been appreciated by indigenous cultures around world. The subjective experience acute chronic complex, influenced many intersecting physiological psychological factors, it therefore be expected impact music therapy on may vary from one situation another, person another. Where persists becomes chronic, aberrant central processing key feature associated with ongoing experience. Nonetheless, beneficial effects exposure relief reported across wide shown effective neonates, children adults. this comprehensive review we examine various neurochemical, factors underpin experience, potentially operate at levels – periphery, spinal cord, brainstem, limbic system multiple areas cerebral cortex. We discuss extent which these individually combination, influence how affects both quality intensity pain, noting remains controversy about respective roles diverse peripheral processes play Better understanding mechanisms underlie music’s together insights into should aid developing more synergistic approaches when combined treatments. ubiquitous nature also facilitates application therapeutic environment daily life, for individual social benefit.

Language: Английский

---

Neural mechanisms, influencing factors and interventions in empathic pain

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 269, P. 110349 - 110349

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 9083 - 9083

Published: May 22, 2023

Human neuroimaging has demonstrated the existence of large-scale functional networks in cerebral cortex consisting topographically distant brain regions with functionally correlated activity. The salience network (SN), which is involved detecting salient stimuli and mediating inter-network communication, a crucial that disrupted addiction. Individuals addiction display dysfunctional structural connectivity SN. Furthermore, while there growing body evidence regarding SN, addiction, relationship between two, are still many unknowns, fundamental limitations to human studies. At same time, advances molecular systems neuroscience techniques allow researchers manipulate neural circuits nonhuman animals increasing precision. Here, we describe attempts translate uncover circuit-level mechanisms. To do this, review connections its homology across species. We then existing literature circuit-specific perturbation SN sheds light on how cortical operate, both within outside context Finally, highlight key outstanding opportunities for mechanistic studies

Language: Английский

---

A Manifesto in Defense of Pain Complexity: A Critical Review of Essential Insights in Pain Neuroscience

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(22), P. 7080 - 7080

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

Chronic pain has increasingly become a significant health challenge, not just as symptomatic manifestation but also pathological condition with profound socioeconomic implications. Despite the expansion of medical interventions, prevalence chronic remains remarkably persistent, prompting turn towards non-pharmacological treatments, such therapeutic education, exercise, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. With advent cognitive neuroscience, is often presented primary output derived from brain, aligning Engel's Biopsychosocial Model that views disease solely biological perspective considering psychological social factors. This paradigm shift brings forward potential misconceptions over-simplifications. The current review delves into intricacies nociception perception. It questions long-standing beliefs like cerebral-centric view pain, forgotten role peripheral nervous system in chronification, around central sensitization syndromes, controversy about existence dedicated neuromatrix, consciousness experience, possible oversight factors beyond system. In re-evaluating these aspects, emphasizes critical need for understanding complexity urging scientific clinical community to move reductionist perspectives consider multifaceted nature this phenomenon.

Language: Английский

---

fMRI, LFP, and anatomical evidence for hierarchical nociceptive routing pathway between somatosensory and insular cortices

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 289, P. 120549 - 120549

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

The directional organization of multiple nociceptive regions, particularly within obscure operculoinsular areas, underlying multidimensional pain processing remains elusive. This study aims to establish the fundamental between somatosensory and insular cortices in routing information. By employing an integrated multimodal approach high-field fMRI, intracranial electrophysiology, transsynaptic viral tracing rats, we observed a hierarchically organized connection S1/S2 → posterior insula anterior pathway determined by early fMRI responses was consistent with that examined evoked LFP, intrinsic effective connectivity, anatomical projection, suggesting could provide valuable facility discern neural circuits animals humans non-invasively. Moreover, our knowledge hierarchical interface role may have implications for development targeted therapies.

Language: Английский

---