Gut microbiota depletion delays somatic peripheral nerve development and impairs neuromuscular junction maturation

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: June 7, 2024

Gut microbiota is responsible for essential functions in human health. Several communication axes between gut and other organs via neural, endocrine, immune pathways have been described, perturbation of composition has implicated the onset progression an emerging number diseases. Here, we analyzed peripheral nerves, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), skeletal muscles neonatal young adult mice with following status: a) germ-free (GF), b) gnotobiotic, selectively colonized 12 specific bacterial strains (Oligo-Mouse-Microbiota, OMM12), or c) natural complex (CGM). Stereological morphometric analyses revealed that absence impairs development somatic median resulting smaller diameter hypermyelinated axons, as well unmyelinated fibers. Accordingly, DRG sciatic nerve transcriptomic highlighted a panel differentially expressed developmental myelination genes. Interestingly, type III isoform Neuregulin1 (NRG1), known to be neuronal signal Schwann cell myelination, was overexpressed GF mice, consequent overexpression transcription factor Early Growth Response 2 (

Language: Английский

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Schwann cells and enteric glial cells: Emerging stars in colorectal cancer

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1879(5), P. 189160 - 189160

Published: July 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota regulates optic nerve fiber myelination

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Recent evidence supports the hypothesis of an association between gut microbiota and pathogenesis retinal eye diseases, suggesting existence a gut-eye axis. However, no data are available on possible effect optic nerve fiber maturation myelin development. We investigated impact nerves collected from neonatal young adult germ-free (GF), gnotobiotic (stably colonized with 12 bacteria strains, OMM12) control (colonized complex microbiota, CGM) mice, by performing stereological morphoquantitative analyses transmission electron microscopy gene expression analysis quantitative real-time PCR. Young GF OMM12 axons smaller hypermyelinated compared to CGM ones, while such differences were detected in nerves. The transcription factors Olig1, Olig2, Sox10 (oligodendrocyte myelination positive regulators) downregulated mice respective neonates. Such developmental downregulation was not observed nerves, that absence prolongs stimulation myelination, possibly through mechanisms yet be identified. Altogether, these underscore pivotal role driving contributing our knowledge about both axis gut-brain axis, opening new horizons for further investigations will explore also pathologies, injuries regeneration associated nerve.

Language: Английский

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Post-infective myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and post-COVID as two puzzling faces of the same medal. Recent insights.

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 114365 - 114365

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Oral–Gut Microbiome–Brain Axis in Cognition

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 814 - 814

Published: April 3, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and neuronal loss, affecting millions worldwide. Emerging evidence highlights the oral microbiome—a complex ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa as significant factor in health. Dysbiosis microbiome contributes to systemic inflammation, disrupts blood–brain barrier, promotes neuroinflammation, processes increasingly implicated pathogenesis AD. This review examines mechanisms linking dysbiosis through oral–brain oral–gut–brain axis. These interconnected pathways enable bidirectional communication between cavity, gut, brain via neural, immune, endocrine signaling. Oral pathogens, such Porphyromonas gingivalis, along with virulence factors, including lipopolysaccharides (LPS) gingipains, contribute while metabolic byproducts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) peptidoglycans, further exacerbate immune activation. Additionally, this explores influence external diet, pH balance, medication use, smoking, alcohol consumption, hygiene, on microbial diversity stability, highlighting their role shaping outcomes. The dynamic interplay gut microbiomes reinforces importance homeostasis preserving neurological interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modifications, offer promising strategies support function reduce risk diseases, AD, maintaining diverse microbiome. Future longitudinal research needed identify long-term impact cognition.

Language: Английский

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An association between poor oral health, oral microbiota, and pain identified in New Zealand women with central sensitisation disorders: a prospective clinical study

Frontiers in Pain Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: April 9, 2025

The portal to the gastrointestinal tract is oral cavity, with transient and permanent microbial residents. Oral pathogens are implicated in aetiology of several chronic conditions. To date, role health microbiota pain sensitisation disorders have not been explored. Here, we examined associations between self-reported health, microbiome, various presentations women. women was assessed using WHO questionnaire. Body pain, migraine, abdominal were determined validated instruments. Saliva samples evaluated metatranscriptomics for relative gene abundance. Demographic clinical characteristics data relationships scores, measures, at three taxa levels. Participants lowest quintiles more likely suffer migraine headaches (χ 2 = 23.24, df 4, p < 0.001) higher body scores. Four pathogenic species significantly associated SF36 bodily (q 0.05) after controlling confounders. Relative abundance Gardnerella (genus) correlated moderately scores (ρ -0.346, q 0.001), while Lancefieldella Mycoplasma salivarius migraine. Low Both pathobionts. This suggests a potential experienced by headache pain. These findings prompt consideration an microbiome-nervous system axis. study registered Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), registration number ACTRN12620001337965, on 11/12/2020 https://www.anzctr.org.au/, World Health Organisation, UTN: U1111-1258-5108.

Language: Английский

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Progress on the mechanism of intestinal microbiota against colorectal cancer

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 28, 2025

The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, its anti - cancer mechanism has become research hotspot. This article comprehensively expounds on molecular mechanisms including aspects such as immune regulation, activation carcinogenic signaling pathways (it should be noted that it is more reasonable to "inhibition pathways"), metabolite mediated effects, maintenance barrier function. At same time, explores roles potential intervention methods probiotic supplementation therapy, immunotherapy, fecal transplantation. In addition, analyzes impact flora therapeutic efficacy cancer. existing results are summarized, future directions prospected, with aim providing new theoretical bases treatment ideas for prevention

Language: Английский

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Obesity and its associations with autonomic and cognitive functions in the general population

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. e0322802 - e0322802

Published: May 8, 2025

Background Obesity poses a significant global health burden. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of obesity in Mongolia and its associations with autonomic cognitive functions while considering potential psychosocial risk factors. Methods population-based, cross-sectional included 382 participants who underwent physical examinations, completed health-related questionnaires, participated heart rate variability (HRV) testing for assessment mini-mental state examination evaluation. Results was 28.1% (age-sex adjusted). Individuals were more likely be older, married, have lower education, engage less activity. They exhibited imbalance, decreased nervous system activity, function, sleep disturbances compared individuals without obesity. Body mass index, waist circumference inversely correlated HRV indices. Female sex, apartment living, alcohol consumption, disturbances, dysfunction emerged as factors Independent predictors systolic blood pressure, neck circumference, age, height, apnea, predicted decline. Furthermore, generalized linear mediation models revealed partial effect on association between Conclusion highlights high general population (28.1%) identifies distinct characteristics associated condition. our findings suggest indirect mediated by dysfunction. Further research is needed elucidate causal relationships develop targeted interventions high-risk groups (females, education) promotion initiatives healthy lifestyles (less alcohol, exercise, hygiene) address both complications, including

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms by which microbiome-derived metabolites exert their impacts on neurodegeneration

Cell chemical biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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The role of gut-derived short-chain fatty acids in Parkinson's disease

Neurogenetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 307 - 336

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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