Revolutionizing personalized medicine with generative AI: a systematic review

Artificial Intelligence Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(5)

Published: April 25, 2024

Abstract Background Precision medicine, targeting treatments to individual genetic and clinical profiles, faces challenges in data collection, costs, privacy. Generative AI offers a promising solution by creating realistic, privacy-preserving patient data, potentially revolutionizing patient-centric healthcare. Objective This review examines the role of deep generative models (DGMs) informatics, medical imaging, bioinformatics, early diagnostics, showcasing their impact on precision medicine. Methods Adhering PRISMA guidelines, analyzes studies from databases such as Scopus PubMed, focusing AI's medicine DGMs' applications synthetic generation. Results DGMs, particularly Adversarial Networks (GANs), have improved generation, enhancing accuracy However, limitations exist, especially foundation like Large Language Models (LLMs) digital diagnostics. Conclusion Overcoming scarcity ensuring privacy-safe generation are crucial for advancing personalized Further development LLMs is essential improving diagnostic precision. The application emerging, highlighting need more interdisciplinary research advance this field.

Language: Английский

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Sex-based differences in insulin resistance

Journal of Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 261(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Sexual dimorphism in energy metabolism is now established and suggested to affect many aspects of metabolic diseases particular diabetes obesity. This strongly related sex-based differences whole-body insulin resistance. Women are more sensitive compared men, but this advantage gradually disappears after menopause or when resistance progresses hyperglycemia diabetes. In narrative review, first, we describe the pathophysiology then present epidemiological evidence as well important biological factors that play a crucial role sexual sensitivity. We focus particularly on body fat muscle mass distribution function, inflammation sex hormones between males females. Most importantly, significant mechanistic sensitivity glucose lipid key organs: liver, white adipose tissue, skeletal muscle. Finally, response different interventions discuss open research questions.

Language: Английский

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Dermal and Oral Wound Healing

ACS symposium series, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 297 - 329

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Materials that are biologically synthesized and produced through green chemistry techniques biocompatible, possess certain qualities would encourage enhance the speedy healing of wound without any adverse effects. Chitosan, collagen, alginate stated above, considered as highly biocompatible biodegradable, allowing for proper cell attachment, growth factors deposition subsequent processes leading to tissue repair. Since maintaining moisture in site leads an increase process patients, use biological materials such chitosan, collagen alzinate can have a significant impact on this process. Therefore, mentioned repair skin oral wounds along with films, hydrogels sponges different pore sizes depending type has been described. Issues related these biomaterials, including obtaining desirable mechanical properties, biocompatibility issues, etc., summarized. concerning biomaterials summed up etc. Among biodegradable polymers, most commonly adopted ones include PLGA (Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid) PCL (Polycaprolactone), which display tunable properties but may demand blend other materials. To improve implications plasma treatment chemical grafting surface UHMWPE (Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene) investigated tailor bioactivity compatibility host tissues. The is another important criterion mentioned, because should not eliciting reactions lead immune response inflammation slow down often excellent bios living organisms making them useful various engineering applications. There also factor scalability reproducibility remains problematic synthesis methods. Novelty biomanufacturing technologies like bioreactor 3D bio printing emphasized its capability fabricating scaffolds complexity preferred finesse. Altogether, chapter seeks offer clear concise analysis regarding current trajectory dermal, well using biomaterials. Future studies area suggest be gradually enhanced offering hope better care patients requiring repairs or having chronic ulcer diseases.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary Parasitology

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 15, 2021

Abstract Parasites are ubiquitous and shape almost every aspect of their hosts, including physiology, behaviour, life histories, the structure microbiota, entire communities. Hence, parasitism is one most potent forces in nature and, without parasites, world would look very different. The book gives an overview over parasite groups diversity defences that hosts have evolved, such as immune systems. Principles evolutionary biology ecology analyse major elements host–parasite interactions, virulence, infection processes, tolerance, resistance, specificity, memory, polymorphisms, within-host dynamics, diseases spaces, many other aspects. Genetics always key these topics. Modelling, furthermore, can predict best strategies for host parasites. Similarly, spread infectious disease epidemiology combines with molecular data genomics. Furthermore, parasites evolved ways to overcome manipulate hosts. Hosts therefore, continuously co-evolve, changes sometimes occurring rapidly, requiring geological times. Many humans emerged from a zoonotic origin, processes governed by basic principles discussed different sections. this integrates fields study phenomena. It summarizes essential topics parasitology will be useful broad audience.

Language: Английский

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A critical review of the relationship between dietary components, the gut microbeAkkermansia muciniphila, and human health

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 60(13), P. 2265 - 2276

Published: July 1, 2019

The human gut contains trillions of microorganisms with a great diversity that are associated various health benefits. Recent studies have reported an increasing correlation between diet, microbiota, and health, indicating rapid development in the field health. Diet is important factor determines microbiota composition. comprises diversities microbes involved immune modulation other functions. In particular, Akkermansia muciniphila mucin-degrading bacterium believed to several benefits humans. Several evaluated prebiotic effects dietary components on A. their association ailments, such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, cancer. Hence, this review aims provide plausible mechanistic basis for interactions components, therapeutic interaction illnesses.

Language: Английский

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Current status of microRNA‐mediated regulation of drought stress responses in cereals

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 172(3), P. 1808 - 1821

Published: May 8, 2021

Drought is one of the most important abiotic stress factors impeding crop productivity. With uncovering their role as potential regulators gene expression, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized new targets for developing resistance. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs whose abundance significantly altered under conditions. Interestingly, plant miRNAs predominantly transcription (TFs), and some which also critical drought-responsive genes that in turn could regulate expression numerous loci with drought-adaptive potential. The phytohormone ABA plays roles regulating stomatal conductance initiating an adaptive response to drought stress. implicated ABA-(abscisic acid) non-ABA-mediated resistance pathways. For instance, miR159-MYB module miR169-NFYA participates ABA-dependent pathway, whereas several other ABA-independent miRNA-target modules (miR156-SPL; miR393-TIR1; miR160-ARF10, ARF16, ARF17; miR167-ARF6 ARF8; miR390/TAS3siRNA-ARF2, ARF3, ARF4) collectively responses plants. Overall, miRNA-mediated manifests diverse molecular, biochemical physiological processes. Because immense controlling miRNA manipulation has significant augment tolerance This review compiles current understanding major cereals. Also, strategies currently use along challenges future perspectives discussed.

Language: Английский

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Tourism and Mental Health: Foundations, Frameworks, and Futures

Journal of Travel Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 62(1), P. 3 - 20

Published: April 18, 2022

Tourism contributes to mental health. We could: recognize, measure, value, and market those contributions; analyze components design products maximize health benefits; use benefits in tourism industry marketing lobbying. If we measure health-research standards, then could also gain commercial opportunities within the sector. Currently, there are widely differing bodies of evidence different subsectors, reflecting historical research emphases. Music, museums, shopping malls have been identified as therapeutic for some. Nature therapies tested extensively, with a higher standard evidence. Adventure has analyzed principally from phenomenological perspective, indicating powerful psychological effects. Many require continuing behavioral change. contribute these therapies, since it includes detailed data on effects program guiding, individual personalities, interests, capabilities, motivations, experiences, emotions, satisfaction.

Language: Английский

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Female reproductive dysfunctions and the gut microbiota

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 69(3), P. R81 - R94

Published: July 18, 2022

The gut microbiome is considered an endocrine organ that can influence distant organs and associated biological pathways. Recent advances suggest microbial homeostasis essential for reproductive health perturbations in the microbiota lead to pathologies. This review provides updated overview of relationship between female diseases. Specifically, we highlight most recent findings on gynecological pathologies including polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, endometrial cancer. Most studies revealed associations altered compositions these diseases, though few have suggested cause-effect relationships. Future should focus determining molecular mechanisms underlying Understanding this bidirectional could development novel effective strategies prevent, diagnose, treat organ-related

Language: Английский

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Pubertal induction and transition to adult sex hormone replacement in patients with congenital pituitary or gonadal reproductive hormone deficiency: an Endo-ERN clinical practice guideline

European Journal of Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 186(6), P. G9 - G49

Published: March 30, 2022

An Endo-European Reference Network guideline initiative was launched including 16 clinicians experienced in endocrinology, pediatric and adult 2 patient representatives. The endorsed by the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Endocrinology Academy of Andrology. aim to create practice guidelines clinical assessment puberty induction individuals with congenital pituitary or gonadal hormone deficiency. A systematic literature search conducted, evidence graded according Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development Evaluation system. If insufficient lacking, then conclusions were based on expert opinion. includes recommendations oestrogen testosterone. Publications follicle-stimulation human chorionic gonadotrophin hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are reviewed. Specific issues Klinefelter syndrome androgen insensitivity considered. panel recommends that pubertal sex replacement sustain should be cared a multidisciplinary team. Children known condition followed from age 8 years girls 9 boys. Puberty individualised but considered at 11 12 Psychological aspects fertility especially important address development disorders deficiencies. transition these young adults highlights importance approach, discuss both medical social psychological arise context chronic conditions.

Language: Английский

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Resurrecting biodiversity: advanced assisted reproductive technologies and biobanking

Reproduction and Fertility, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. R121 - R146

Published: July 1, 2022

Biodiversity is defined as the presence of a variety living organisms on Earth that essential for human survival. However, anthropogenic activities are causing sixth mass extinction, threatening even our own species. For many animals, dwindling numbers becoming fragmented populations with low genetic diversity, long-term species viability. With extinction rates 1000-10,000 times greater than natural,

Language: Английский

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