A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 620 - 620

Published: April 19, 2023

Data on bacterial or fungal pathogens and their impact the mortality rates of Western Romanian COVID-19 patients are scarce. As a result, purpose this research was to determine prevalence co- superinfections in adults with COVID-19, hospitalized in-ward settings during second half pandemic, its distribution according sociodemographic clinical conditions. The unicentric retrospective observational study conducted 407 eligible patients. Expectorate sputum selected as sampling technique followed by routine microbiological investigations. A total 31.5% samples tested positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 26.2% having co-infections Klebsiella pneumoniae among admitted COVID-19. third most common Pathogenic bacteria identified Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii 9.3% samples. Commensal human caused respiratory infections 67 patients, prevalent being Streptococcus penumoniae, methicillin-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 53.4% Candida spp., 41.1% Aspergillus spp. growth. three groups microbial growth cultures had an equally proportional ICU, average 30%, compared only 17.3% negative (p = 0.003). More than 80% all showed multidrug resistance. high mandates strict effective antimicrobial stewardship infection control policies.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 on Roma Vulnerable Communities in Western Romania: Insights and Predictive Factors from a Retrospective Study

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 435 - 435

Published: March 12, 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected vulnerable populations like Roma patients in Western Romania due to marginalization and limited healthcare access. Methods: A retrospective study analyzed cases between March 2020 August 2022 using data from the Directorate of Public Health Timis county. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory were assessed, along with risk factors biomarkers for ICU admission mortality prediction. following assessed: C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin (FER), IL-6, D-dimers, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), 25-OH vitamin D (25-OHD). Results: In comparison general population (GP), more overweight (p = 0.0292), came rural areas 0.0001), could not recall transmission source 0.0215), admitted intensive care unit (ICU, p 0.0399) frequently, had worse symptomatology 0.0490), showed elevated levels CRP 0.0245) IL-6 < 0.0001) lower HDL 0.0008) 25-OHD 0.0299). stronger, significant correlation was observed severity (rho 0.791 vs. 0.433 GP), an inverse stronger one −0.850 −0.734 GP) patients. male sex continues be important factor (OR 2.379) death 1.975), while heavy smoking relation 1.768). Although ethnicity 1.454 times at than GP, this did prove statistically 0.0751). most predictive regards both 1.381) GP 1.110) 1.154 Roma, OR 1.104 GP). protective effect normal values 0.947, 0.853, respectively) 0.920, 0.921, respectively), group, only considered 0.703). Cutoff 28.98 mg/L 29.03 patients, specificity groups (over 95). Conclusions: Higher rates admissions, severe symptomatology, distinct biomarker profiles among emphasize critical importance personalized strategies targeted interventions mitigate disproportionate burden on communities. have a clear impact as assessment significance HDL, should also overlooked these

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of Continuing Post-Surgery Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Reducing Nosocomial Infections - A Literature Review

Chirurgia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 118(4), P. 358 - 358

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

To prevent surgical site infection (SSI), antibiotic prophylaxis is frequently extended for one day or more following surgery. Post-operative, continuing may not be advantageous compared to stopping it right away, as exposes patients the hazards of taking antibiotics. Although routinely recommended, post-procedural sometimes necessary. optimize effectiveness (AP) in preventing SSIs, healthcare providers should adhere evidence-based guidelines, such those provided by World Health Organization (WHO) American Society Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). These guidelines provide recommendations on appropriate selection, timing, and duration various procedures. In this literature review we looked if data available support these recommendations.We searched PubMed database articles written between 1st January 2012 up 31st December 2022. We at randomized control trials (RCTs) hospitalized departments, who were given postoperative comparing them with that did receive it.Out a total 566 trials, 15 included review, totalling 11,728 patients. found indications many cases makes significant difference postoperatively. However, some cases, will result similar incidence post-surgery nosocomial infections intervention groups.While an important strategy infections, decision extend beyond intraoperative period made case-by-case basis led guidelines.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and Laboratory Markers from Romanian Patients—A Narrative Review

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1837 - 1837

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

COVID-19 has significantly impacted the whole world, and Romania was no exception. Biomarkers play a crucial role in understanding managing disease. However, research regarding laboratory analyses for patients with is fairly limited. For detection, PCR testing still considered golden standard, while antibodies are useful monitoring both their vaccination status. In our country, biomarkers such as CRP, LDH, transaminases, cardiac, iron markers have been used to assess status of even predict illness outcome. IL-6, FER, fibrinogen, creatinine, vitamin D levels associated increased severity, risk ICU admission, death. Cardiac D-dimers also good predictors, but seems more important complications. HDL cholesterol BUN were suggested potential biomarkers. Hematological issues SARS-CoV-2 infections include neutrophilia, lymphopenia ratio, PCT, which marker bacterial infections, better be co- or supra-infections. The current narrative review that focuses on results Romanian patients. goal this article provide an update other tests conducted inside borders identify gaps regard. Secondly, options further discussed encouraged.

Language: Английский

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Risk Factors for Pulmonary Embolism in Individuals Infected with SARS-CoV2—A Single-Centre Retrospective Study

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 774 - 774

Published: April 1, 2024

The emergence of SARS-CoV2 has presented itself as a significant global health crisis. prevalence thrombotic events is known to be high in these patients, affecting various organ systems, sometimes leading cutaneous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (PE), stroke, or coronary thrombosis. available evidence suggests that thromboembolism, hypercoagulability, and the excessive production proinflammatory cytokines play role development multiorgan failure. Methodology: This retrospective single-centre study was conducted at “Victor Babes” University Medicine Pharmacy from Timisoara, Romania, involving total 420 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. We separated them into CONTROL group included 319 an intervention (PE) 101 that, subsequent infection virus, developed embolism. reporting demographic data, laboratory findings, comorbidities. Results: Out 24% experienced embolism, while 21.42% died. Arterial were found associated factors such age, cardiovascular disease, levels white blood cells, D-dimers, albumin blood. findings indicate there independent association between thrombosis hypertension (odds ratio (OR): 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7 1.7; p = 0.6463), cancer (OR: CI: 0.6 2.3; 0.6014), COPD 1.2; 0.4927). On other hand, stronger correlation PE obesity 2.8; 1.7 4.6; < 0.0001), diabetes 3.3; 2 5.3; dyslipidemia 3.6; 2.3 5.8; 0.0001) multivariable regression logistic model. Conclusions: Patients severe forms COVID-19 display comparable incidence arterial events, which have been linked poor survival rates.

Language: Английский

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The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Respiratory Infections in Children under 6 Years Old: A Systematic Review

Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 104 - 104

Published: Aug. 8, 2023

Childhood respiratory tract infections (RTIs) pose a significant health burden, especially in children under six years old. The main objective of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness vitamin D supplementation prevention RTI population while also exploring potential effect modifiers such as age, baseline status, and type infection. A literature published up February 2023 conducted according PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed, Web Science, Cochrane, Scopus databases. Eight studies met inclusion criteria, which investigated association between zero five included were 2012 2021, encompassing total 2189 from randomized trials, two case-control studies, one prospective cohort study. relationship childhood not consistently observed across all studies. Pooled results demonstrated varied effects on infection incidence, severity, symptoms. Three reported statistically associations low levels (OR = 4.90, OR 6.97), study found that who received 800 UI/day for 3 months during cold season had fewer episodes symptoms (RR 0.55) recovered more quickly acute RTI. Lastly, study, intake < 80 IU/kg/day significantly associated with risk acquiring pneumonia 7.9) but bronchiolitis. remaining no differences rates or severity (p-value > 0.050). available evidence preventing treating old is limited, only few favorable being reported. In some cases, dose UI/kg/day provide protection infections, although major trials benefit quicker recovery symptoms, impact incidence infections. Nevertheless, protocol, dose, duration variations leading inconclusive findings.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and association of oral manifestations with disease severity in patients diagnosed with COVID‑19: A cross‑sectional study

Medicine International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(3)

Published: April 10, 2024

Systemic disorders may exhibit early signs when conducting an oral examination. Since the onset of COVID‑19 pandemic, several studies have been published detailing direct impact virus on cavity. The present study aimed to determine whether indeed there are any significant disparities in oropharyngeal manifestations between individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and a control group, has ability invade reproduce inside keratinocytes fibroblasts, resulting development ulcerations superficial lesions. provides overview symptoms that occur at stage illness, most commonly affected regions cavity, including tongue, lips, palate oropharynx examined. In retrospective study, 52 patients were recruited April, 2021 October, 2022. addition, who tested negative for as group. was conducted through thorough examination questionnaire provided all participants. results revealed among cohort from group examined (n=52), proportion (mean, 16.15) displayed manifestations. Specifically, 75% described cavity pain, 69% these had changes teeth color or dental caries. summary, relation prevalence generally lower compared apart pain (30.8%), tonsillitis (17.3%), bleeding (34.6%), (36.5%), recurrence (15.4%) abscesses (7.7%). Thus, whole, without fewer

Language: Английский

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Co-Morbidity Clusters in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1457 - 1457

Published: March 2, 2024

Background: Post-COVID-19 syndrome, characterized by persistent symptoms emerging more than 12 weeks after acute infection, displays diverse manifestations. This study aimed to analyze co-existing organ dysfunctions in post-COVID-19 patients and explore their potential association with the COVID-19 episode functional impairment. Methods: Data from 238 attending outpatient care between 1 March 2021 2022, previous hospitalization for COVID-19, were retrospectively analyzed 80 having comprehensive mapping of involvement. Results: The average time was 149 days. Spirometry indicated significant abnormalities lung function. Predominant included respiratory (75%), fatigue (73%), neurological (62.5%), ear-nose-throat issues (51.25%). Multiorgan observed 87.5% patients, contributing an 18.33% reduction health quality compared pre-acute levels. Subgroup analysis identified four distinct syndrome subgroups, highlighting coexistence disorders as indicators drivers further Our results reveal that most suffer multiorgan disorders. Conclusions: presence coexisting suggests involvement other systems well. complexity requires studies provide insights into different symptom clusters identify targets personalized preventive therapeutic interventions improve patient outcome.

Language: Английский

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Dignity as a Central Issue in Treating Patients with Dementia Associated with COVID-19 Infection

Medicina, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(9), P. 1588 - 1588

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

COVID-19 was initially considered a primary respiratory disorder associated with various short- and long-term complications, affecting many patients imposing significant burden. Patients who have dementia are especially vulnerable to the SARS-CoV2 infection, which is an increased risk for neuropsychiatric complications. These need unique approach managing ethical issues related pandemic, including autonomy, veracity, non-maleficence, justice, compassion, dignity. The latter one of most elusive misunderstood concepts in medical ethics extremely important debates surrounding proper management dementia. However, it often left out analysis, as clinicians, when debating clinical practice, evaluate only "classical" principles biomedical ethics. In this article, we aim assess features dignity treating group during pandemic. We will briefly analyze bioethical concept. further explore its principal axes, namely creating humane purposeful environment, employing persuasion meet person's essential needs, exerting certain degree mild restraint critical minimizing harm terminal care, through lens people had Applying principle practice requires commitment from all healthcare workers. New approaches analysis dignity, such Ring Theory Personhood, may facilitate understanding by practitioners aid implementation populations multiple vulnerabilities, patients, infectious outbreak that generates social changes.

Language: Английский

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