Focused Ultrasound as Targeted Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Gastrointestinal Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 380 - 401

Published: April 13, 2024

Traditional cancer treatments have not significantly improved the survival rates for individuals with colorectal cancer. As a result, there is dire need to explore novel treatment modalities that can target cancer-specific niches, transform cold tumors into hot ones, and disrupt tumor niche. Therapeutic focused ultrasound, recognized its capacity induce thermal mechanical impacts on tissue, potentially eliminate cells elicit body’s anticancer reaction by disrupting microenvironment. This article provides an overview of recent developments in employing therapeutic ultrasound (TFUS) enhance natural defenses against cancers. It also discusses studies examining utility TFUS treating patients research indicating potential stimulate response various vitro vivo models. Furthermore, it explores effects immune system highlights safety effectiveness managing cancer, providing relief from pain, improving rates. Given indications may bolster augment therapy clinical preclinical models, has emerge as pivotal tool settings.

Language: Английский

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Molecular identification and genotyping of hepatitis E virus from Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Hepatitis E is a global health concern. virus (HEV) infection endemic in Pakistan. HEV has four genotypes: HEV-1 through HEV-4. The genotypes and HEV-2 are associated with humans, especially countries poor sanitation. - 3 HEV-4 zoonotic human takes place by consuming undercooked meat or being contact animals. present study was designed to ascertain the presence of Southern Punjab region First, blood samples (n = 50) were collected from patients suspected hepatitis Multan District. serum separated initially screened using an IgM-ELISA. Second, ELISA-positive subjected PCR genetically characterized. For PCR, RNA extraction complementary DNA synthesis done commercial kits. ORF2 (Open Reading Frame-2, capsid protein) amplified nested targeting 348 bp segment. amplicons sequenced evolutionary tree constructed MEGA X software. A protein model built employing SWISS Model after translation ExPASy online tool. positivity rate anti-HEV antibodies found as 56% (28/50). All Pakistani showed homology genotype 1 shared common origin ancestry isolates London (MH504163), France (MN401238), Japan (LC314158). Sequence analysis motif regions assessment structure revealed that sequences had similarity reference sequence. These data suggest circulating This finding could be used for diagnosis control specific geographic focusing on its prevalent genotype.

Language: Английский

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Cytotoxic and Cellular Response of Doped Nb-NTO Nanoparticles Functionalized with Mentha arvensis and Mucuna pruriens Extracts on MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and Trends in Hepatitis B & C Virus among Blood Donors in Pakistan: A Regional Transfusion Center Study

Livers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 271 - 281

Published: May 17, 2023

Around 118.5 million blood donations are collected annually to save precious lives. The donated may also be associated with blood-borne infections. With around 247 population, Pakistan is an endemic country for viral hepatitis, and there a high risk of having asymptomatic donors among healthy donors. Viral hepatitis 2.5% prevalent in the general donation its screening have become grave health concerns Pakistani authorities. Asymptomatic needs rule out subliminally diseased individuals, as recommended by World Health Organization. Knowing prevalence transfusion transmissible infectious (TTIs) agents helps assess disease burden any boosts treatment rates, precludes dreaded complications affected people. objective current study was determine trends significant TTIs visiting Armed Forces Institute Transfusion (AFIT), Rawalpindi, Pakistan. A total 15,405 were screened HBV, HCV, HIV, malaria, syphilis during this cross-sectional descriptive study. Most had O-positive group; AB-negative only 0.7%. Out we reported 1.06% 0.54% 0.19% 0.31% syphilis-positive However, no donor found positive malaria. Punjab province most burdened TTIs, youngsters aged 18–27 years mainly positive, indicating need conduct national-level awareness campaigns about TTIs. stakeholders strengthen collection guidelines, effective performance should strictly monitored through internal external audits considering aim reaching non-infectious products.

Language: Английский

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Organ-on-Chip: Advancing Nutraceutical Testing for Improved Health Outcomes

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(35), P. 31632 - 31647

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

The recent global wave of organic food consumption and the vitality nutraceuticals for human health benefits has driven need applying scientific methods phytochemical testing. Advanced in vitro models with greater physiological relevance than conventional are required to evaluate potential toxicity nutraceuticals. Organ-on-chip (OOC) have emerged as a promising alternative traditional animal testing due their ability mimic organ pathophysiology. Numerous studies demonstrated effectiveness OOC identifying pharmaceutically relevant compounds accurately assessing compound-induced toxicity. This review examines utility nutraceutical discusses technology preclinical tool examine biomedical by reducing Exploring capabilities carrying out plant-based bioactive can significantly contribute authentication drug discovery validate phytochemicals medicinal characteristics. Overall, facilitate more systematic efficient assessment while overcoming limitations current models.

Language: Английский

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Focused Ultrasound, an Emerging Tool for Atherosclerosis Treatment: A Comprehensive Review

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 1783 - 1783

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Focused ultrasound (FUS) has emerged as a promising noninvasive therapeutic modality for treating atherosclerotic arterial disease. High-intensity focused (HIFU), and precise that generates high temperatures at specific target sites within tissues, shown results in reducing plaque burden improving vascular function. While low-intensity (LIFU) operates lower energy levels, promoting mild hyperthermia stimulating tissue repair processes. This review article provides an overview of the current state HIFU LIFU atherosclerosis. It focuses primarily on potential due to its higher penetration ability achieve atheroma disruption. The summarizes findings from animal models human trials, covering effects FUS wall thrombolysis carotid, coronary peripheral arteries. also highlights benefits ultrasound, including noninvasiveness, targeting, real-time monitoring capabilities, making it attractive approach treatment atherosclerosis emphasizes need further investigations optimize parameters advance clinical application managing

Language: Английский

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Sero-prevalence of hepatitis viral infections among sanitary workers across worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: June 13, 2023

Abstract Background Sanitation or sanitary workers are exposed to hepatitis virus infections because of filthy and dangerous working conditions. The current global systematic review meta-analysis aimed estimate the pooled sero-prevalence occupationally associated infection among them. Methods Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome study design (PICOS) were used flow diagram, questions, respectively. Four databases other methods published articles from 2000 2022. Boolean logic (AND, OR), MeSH, keywords used: (Occupation *OR Job Work) AND (Hepatitis A Hepatitis B C E virus) (Solid waste collectors [SWCs] Street sweepers [SS] Sewage [STWs] health care facilities cleaners [HCFCs)) (Countries). Stata MP/17 software was prevalence analysis, meta-regression analysis (Hedges) at a 95% confidence interval (CI:95%). Results total 182 studies identified studies, 28 included twelve countries. Of these, developed ( n = 7) developing countries 5). From 9049 workers, 5951(66%), 2280 (25%) 818 (9%) STWs, SWCs SS, Globally, occupational-related viral 38.06% (95% CI: 30–0.46.12). this, it 42.96% 32.63–53.29) 29.81% 17.59–42.02) high-income low-income countries, Meanwhile, by sub-analysis, highest categories, type year 47.66% (95%CI: 37.42–57.90), 48.45% 37.95–58.96), 48.30% 36.13–60.47) SWTs, HAV, 2010 year, Conclusion consistency evidence suggests that sanitation particularly sewage susceptible acquired regardless their conditions, necessitating significant changes occupational safety regulations governmental policies initiatives reduce risks workers.

Language: Английский

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Comparison Of Rapid Antigen Test With RT-PCR For COVID-19 Diagnosis: Performance And Limitation

Russian Open Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: June 28, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted healthcare systems worldwide, necessitating the development of rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. study aimed to compare performance a Rapid Antigen Test (RAK) with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for diagnosis, considering its global usage, promising data, convenience using saliva samples. Methods — A cross-sectional, single-blinded was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, 7,580 samples collected between May 2021 June 2022. Three hundred twenty were tested RAK RT-PCR logistic regression analysis look at sensitivity, specificity, accuracy whether there link results cycle threshold values. Results Overall, demonstrated 67% sensitivity 75% specificity. Likelihood ratios 2.71 (positive) 0.43 (negative). disease prevalence 70.00%. PPV NPV 86.36% 50.00%, respectively. Logistic showed significant association CT values (odds ratio=6.333). Kit varied by viral load: 100% CT≤20, 63% 21-25, 22% CT>26. Conclusion This would provide an insight work efficiency commercially used antigen based screening kit.

Language: Английский

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Eco-friendly synthesis of bioactive silver nanoparticles from black roasted gram (Cicer arietinum) for biomedical applications

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis-E Virus-Immunoglobulin G and its association with Chronic Liver Disease

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(5)

Published: March 18, 2024

Background & Objective: Viral hepatitis is a major public health concern in low-middle income countries. Hepatitis-E infection (HEV) found globally but most prevalent low-income countries especially those with poor sanitation systems, access to clean drinking water and services. Superinfection HEV patients chronic liver disease (CLD) can cause severe hepatic decompensation leading increased morbidity mortality. To determine the frequency of seroprevalence virus Immunoglobulin g (IgG) its association disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted Asian Institute Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Pakistan from January till May 2022. total 196 aged ≥ 18 years, presenting gastroenterology clinics were included after informed consent. Result: Among patients, one third patient male (73.5%). Out which 162 (82.7%) had 34 (17.3%) without disease. The median age 45 (33-51) years. overall IgG among population 69.4%. present 114 22 CLD non respectively. Multivariable regression shows no between non-CLD (AOR 1.02, 95% CI 0.45-2.313). Conclusion: Our showed high seropositivity. No difference observed seropositivity patients. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8448 How cite this: Memon MS, Kadir B, Kamani L, Chandio AA. Seroprevalence Virus-Immunoglobulin G Chronic Liver Disease. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. This an Open Access article distributed under terms Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction any medium, provided original work properly cited.

Language: Английский

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