The Global Burden of Valvular Heart Disease: From Clinical Epidemiology to Management

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 2178 - 2178

Published: March 10, 2023

Valvular heart disease is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality major contributor symptoms functional disability. Knowledge valvular epidemiology deep comprehension the geographical temporal trends are crucial for clinical advances formulation effective health policy primary secondary prevention. This review mainly focuses on (organic, related to valve itself) its management, especially emphasizing importance centers in ensuring best care patients through multidisciplinary team.

Language: Английский

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Advancing lifelong precision medicine for cardiovascular diseases through gut microbiota modulation

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

The gut microbiome is known as the tenth system of human body that plays a vital role in intersection between health and disease. considerable inter-individual variability microbiota poses both challenges great prospects promoting precision medicine cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this review, based on development, evolution, influencing factors full life circle, we summarized recent advances characteristic alteration CVDs throughout different stages, depicted their pathological links mechanism, well highlight achievements targeting prevention, diagnosis treatment. Personalized strategies could be tailored according to characteristics including microbiota-blood metabolites combined prediction diagnosis, dietary interventions, lifestyle improvements, probiotic or prebiotic supplements. However, fulfill promise lifelong health, more mechanism studies should progress from correlation causality decipher novel mechanisms linking specific microbes CVDs. It also promising use burgeoning artificial intelligence machine learning target for developing screening new therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Futility in TAVI: A scoping review of definitions, predictive criteria, and medical predictive models

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0313399 - e0313399

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Background Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) procedures are rapidly expanding, necessitating a more extensive stratification of patients with aortic stenosis. Especially in the high-risk group, some fail to derive optimal or any benefits from TAVI, leading risk futile interventions. Despite consensus among several experts regarding importance recognizing and anticipating such interventions, definition, predictive criteria for futility TAVI remain ambiguous. Aim The purpose this study is explore literature addressing criteria, medical models cases TAVI. Design A scoping review was conducted by two researchers reported accordance PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Eligibility Studies including definitions, variables, models, were included without restrictions on design but excluded only surgical valve replacement, stenosis causes other pathology than calcification. Information sources We identified 129 studies five key sources: CINAHL, PUBMED, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, EMBASE. search rounds—first February 2024 again October 2024—using no year publication language studies. Additional references through cross-referencing. Results definition not unanimous, although most agreed 1-year survival as cutoff. majority focused single variables that can predict survival, employing either prospective retrospective designs. Frailty major concept studied. Numerous have been identified, found. Conclusion Futility concepts generate interest procedure. In review, numerous articles state mortality serves cutoff define procedures. Some cardiac otherwise, independent predictors mortality. Medical showed moderate sensitivity specificity, except machine learning, which shows promise future. However, few delve deeply into non-quantifiable parameters patient goals objectives ethical questions. More should focus these parameters.

Language: Английский

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The common pathobiology between coronary artery disease and calcific aortic stenosis: Evidence and clinical implications

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 89 - 99

Published: June 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Large animal models of pressure overload-induced cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy to study remodelling of the human heart with aortic stenosis

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 120(5), P. 461 - 475

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Pathologic cardiac hypertrophy is a common consequence of many cardiovascular diseases, including aortic stenosis (AS). AS known to increase the pressure load left ventricle, causing compensative response muscle, which progressively will lead dilation and heart failure. At cellular level, this corresponds considerable in size cardiomyocytes, as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, while their proliferation capacity attenuated upon first developmental stages. Cardiomyocytes, order cope with increased workload (overload), suffer alterations morphology, nuclear content, energy metabolism, intracellular homeostatic mechanisms, contractile activity, cell death mechanisms. Moreover, modifications niche, involving inflammation, immune infiltration, fibrosis, angiogenesis, contribute subsequent events pathologic hypertrophic response. Considering emerging need for better understanding condition treatment improvement, only available option consists surgical interventions at late stage disease, when muscle state irreversible, large animal models have been developed mimic human condition, greatest extend. Smaller lack physiological, molecular mechanisms that sufficiently resemblance humans vitro techniques yet fail provide adequate complexity. Animals, such ferret (Mustello purtorius furo), lapine (rabbit, Oryctolagus cunigulus), feline (cat, Felis catus), canine (dog, Canis lupus familiaris), ovine (sheep, Ovis aries), porcine (pig, Sus scrofa), contributed research by elucidating implicated condition. Essential discoveries each model are reported discussed briefly review. Results experimentation could further be interpreted aiming prevention disease progress or, alternatively, regression physiologic state. This review summarizes important aspects pathophysiology LV applied currently

Language: Английский

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Performance characterization and biocompatibility assessment of silicone polyurethanes for polymer heart valve applications

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(16), P. 10858 - 10873

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Silicone polyurethanes have gained widespread application in the biomedical field due to their excellent biocompatibility. This study comprehensively investigates four silicone polyurethane materials suitable for polymer heart valves, each exhibiting distinct chemical compositions and structural characteristics, leading significant differences, particularly mechanical performance Surface analysis reveals an elevated surface silicon element content all compared bulk, indicating a migration of elements towards surface, providing basis enhancing biological stability However, higher leads decrease performance, potentially resulting failure rupture artificial valves. Concerning biocompatibility, increase diminishes material's adsorption capability cells proteins, consequently improving its biocompatibility stability. In summary, while high reduction formation "silicon protective layer" on material mitigates cell protein adsorption, thereby Through comprehensive testing materials, this aims provide insightful perspectives methods selecting Additionally, thorough exploration these serves as crucial reference assessment research polymeric valve materials.

Language: Английский

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Exploiting Data-Efficient Image Transformer-Based Transfer Learning for Valvular Heart Diseases Detection

IEEE Access, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 15845 - 15855

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Recent studies have shown the potential of Data-Efficient Image Transformer (DeiT)-based transfer learning method in speech/image recognition and classification utilizing models pre-trained on image datasets. However, use DeiT models, especially those datasets, has not yet been explored for Valvular Heart Disease (VHD) detection. This paper proposes a methodology using model datasets VHD classification. Additionally, we introduce hybrid Convolution-DeiT (Conv-DeiT) architecture to further improve performance. The Conv-DeiT framework integrates convolutional block with Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism enhance channel spatial information within input features before processing by model. proposed were assessed Sound Murmur (HSM) database, accessible GitHub. Experimental results show that DeiT-based approach achieved an overall accuracy 97.44%. Moreover, our outperformed impressive 99.44%. study indicates effectiveness heart sound Specifically, method, which combines SE-attention mechanism, demonstrates significant advantages this context.

Language: Английский

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The association between the basal metabolic rate and cardiovascular disease: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(5)

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Abstract Background Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to elucidate the causal relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and common cardiovascular diseases. Method We choose BMR as exposure. is of body when basic physiological activities (blood circulation, breathing constant temperature) are maintained. The normal 1507 kcal/day for men 1276 women. dataset drawn from public GWAS (GWAS ID: ukb‐a‐268), collected analysed by UK biobank, containing 331,307 European males females. SNPs independently strongly associated with were used instrumental variables in inverse variance weighted analysis. MR‐Egger, median, MR pleiotropy residual sum, outlier methods also performed, sensitivity evaluated using horizontal heterogeneity analyses ensure stability results. Results An increased a higher risk cardiomyopathy (odds ratio [OR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57–2.54, p 1.87 × 10 −8 ), heart failure (OR 1.39, CI, 1.27–2.51, 8.1 −13 valvular disease 1.18, 1.10–1.27, .00001). However, there no clear association subtypes other diseases, such coronary .96, .85–1.08, .48651) atrial fibrillation (AF) 1.85, 1.70–2.02, 6.28 −44 ). Conclusion Our study reveals possible effect on cardiomyopathy, disease, but not AF.

Language: Английский

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Detailed role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosome therapy in cardiac diseases.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23, P. 401 - 420

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Coronary heart disease (CHD) continues to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. There are numerous therapeutic reperfusion methods, including thrombolytic therapy, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, anti-remodeling drugs like angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors beta-blockers. Despite this, there is no pharmacological treatment that can effectively stop cardiomyocyte death brought on by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. For purpose regenerating cardiac tissue, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has recently gained more attention. The pleiotropic effects MSCs instead arbitrated secretion soluble paracrine factors unrelated their capacity for differentiation. One these mediators extracellular vesicle known as an exosome. Exosomes deliver useful cargo recipient cells from MSCs, peptides, proteins, cytokines, lipids, miRNA, mRNA molecules. take part in intercellular communication processes help tissues organs have been injured or ill heal. alone were found MSCs' a variety animal models, according studies. Here, we focused recent development capabilities exosomal diseases.

Language: Английский

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Diretriz Brasileira de Ergometria em População Adulta – 2024

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(3)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

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