Improving nutrition through biofortification–A systematic review

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Nutritious foods are essential for human health and development. However, malnutrition hidden hunger continue to be a challenge globally. In most developing countries, access adequate nutritious food continues challenge. Although is less prevalent in developed countries compared where iron (Fe) zinc (Zn) deficiencies common. The United Nations (UN) 2nd Sustainable Development Goal was set eradicate hunger. Hidden has led numerous cases of infant maternal mortalities, greatly impacted growth, development, cognitive ability, physical working capacity. This influenced several develop interventions that could help combat Interventions such as dietary diversification supplementation being adopted. fortification but mainly biofortification been projected the sustainable solution Plant-based (PBFs) form greater proportion diets certain populations; hence, PBFs relevant combating Agronomic biofortification, plant breeding, transgenic approaches some currently used strategies crops. Crops cereals, legumes, oilseeds, vegetables, fruits have biofortified through all these three strategies. approach sustainable, efficient, rapid, making it suitable programs. Omics technology also introduced improve efficiency approach.

Language: Английский

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Maize and Sorghum as Raw Materials for Brewing, a Review

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 3139 - 3139

Published: April 1, 2021

Brewing is among the oldest biotechnological processes, in which barley malt and—to a lesser extent—wheat are used as conventional raw materials. Worldwide, 85–90% of beer production now produced with adjuvants, wide variations on different continents. This review proposes use two other cereals materials manufacture beer, corn and sorghum, highlighting advantages it recommends this regard disadvantages, so that they removed technological practice. The these adjuvants brewing has been known for long time. Recently, research intensified regarding (including malted form) to obtain new assortments from 100% or sorghum malt. There also great interest obtaining gluten-free assortments, nonalcoholic low-alcohol beers an increased shelf life, by complying current food safety regulations, under maize can be manufacturing recipes.

Language: Английский

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Anthocyanins in metabolites of purple corn

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 6, 2023

Purple corn ( Zea mays L.) is a special variety of corn, rich in large amount anthocyanins and other functional phytochemicals, has always ranked high the economic benefits industry. However, most studies on stability agronomic traits interaction between genotype environment cereal crops focus yield. In order to further study accumulation growth process purple this review starts with elucidation biosynthesis gene regulation mechanism behind them, points out influence anthocyanin metabolism metabolism, introduces environmental factors detail, so as promote multi-field production encourage development color industry provide new opportunities for breeders growers.

Language: Английский

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The impact of past and current district-level climatic shifts on maize production and the implications for South African farmers

Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 156(2)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Abstract South Africa’s climate studies generally focus on coarser provincial levels, which aid policy recommendations, but have limited application at the farm level. District level are essential for farmer participation in change mitigation strategies and management. Our study aimed to investigate historical data trends their influence maize yields magisterial Six sites were selected from three major maize-producing provinces Africa: Mpumalanga, Northwest, Free State. Magisterial districts each province different Köppen-Geiger zones. The variables assessed by Mann–Kendall trend test included maximum or minimum temperature, rainfall, number of extreme high-temperature days, rainfall onset cessation 1986 2016. average temperatures observed significant upward most locations, except Schweizer-Reneke Bethlehem. fastest rate was Klerksdorp (0.1 °C per 30 years study), while district slowest (0.05 study). No changes onset, cessation, total Schweizer-Reneke, Standerton, Bethlehem, scattered across provinces. other showed these parameters. Rainfall accounted variation over period, explaining between 18 40% North West, 1 17% These findings highlight importance understanding location-specific a finer scale, can help farming communities adjust agronomic practices adapt local shifts.

Language: Английский

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Maize metabolome and proteome responses to controlled cold stress partly mimic early‐sowing effects in the field and differ from those of Arabidopsis

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 44(5), P. 1504 - 1521

Published: Jan. 10, 2021

Abstract In Northern Europe, sowing maize one‐month earlier than current agricultural practices may lead to moderate chilling damage. However, studies of the metabolic responses low, non‐freezing, temperatures remain scarce. Here, genetically‐diverse hybrids ( Zea mays, dent inbred lines crossed with a flint line) were cultivated in growth chamber at optimal temperature and then three decreasing for 2 days each, as well field. Leaf metabolomic proteomic profiles determined. chamber, 50% metabolites 18% proteins changed between 20 16°C. These responses, partly differing from those Arabidopsis short‐term chilling, mapped on genome‐wide maps. Several showed similar variation all decreases: seven MS‐based metabolite signatures two involved photosynthesis decreased continuously. increasing or growth‐chamber conditions trends early‐sowing field experiment, including trans ‐aconitate, hydroxycinnamate derivatives, benzoxazinoid, sucrose synthase, lethal leaf‐spot 1 protein, an allene oxide several glutathione transferases peroxidases. Hybrid groups based biomass used search protein differentiating them conditions, which could be interest breeding.

Language: Английский

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Metabolomics Analysis of Different Tissues of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Based on Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 186 - 186

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Lonicera japonica Thunb. (LJT) has been widely used as medicines or food additives in Asian countries for thousands of years. The flower buds are often medicinally used, and the other tissues ignored. However, flowers, leaves stems have also reported to antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory antioxidant effects. In current study, un-targeted metabolomics analysis was performed investigate metabolic difference among different (flowers, buds, leaves) LJT based on liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. A total 171 metabolites were identified, including 28 flavonoids, 35 phenolic acids, 43 iridoids, 9 amino 6 nucleotides, 16 fatty 22 lipids 12 others. Four new secondary discovered. Some flavonoids iridoids not detected stems. Principal component showed significant differences four tissues. 27, 81, 113 differential found between flowers/flower leaves/flower stems/flower respectively. Primary a higher content flowers buds. For flavones mainly accumulated leaves, flavonols acylated flavonol glucosides flowers. Most acids while acid-glucosides significantly most abundant These results can provide insights into understanding changes tissues, lay theoretical foundation comprehensive utilization LJT.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive evaluation on phenolic derivatives and antioxidant activities of diverse yellow maize varieties

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 464, P. 141602 - 141602

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Influence of drought, high temperatures, and/or defense against arthropod herbivory on the production of secondary metabolites in maize plants. A review

Current Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32, P. 100268 - 100268

Published: Nov. 21, 2022

Maize crops are exposed to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stresses, which induce the disruption plant metabolism affect crop yield quality. An increase in drought or heat stress periods has been reported as direct consequence global climate change. These conditions can promote populations herbivorous arthropods on maize plants. Plants generally show ability adapt stressful through production secondary metabolites (SM). This review aimed summarize influence combination such high temperatures, stress, attack pest arthropods, SM crops. In this manuscript, we focus how individual combined factors accumulation Furthermore, discuss importance metabolomics detection and/or quantification primary stress-responsive understand these metabolic networks regulated. We also explain role hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic jasmonic ethylene) interaction with tolerance systemic-acquired resistance multiple stresses maize. conclusion, provides information participate responses via biochemical transcriptional involved tolerance.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional, bioactive components and health properties of the milpa triad system seeds (corn, common bean and pumpkin)

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: July 19, 2023

The milpa system is a biocultural polyculture technique. Heritage of Mesoamerican civilizations that offers wide variety plants for food purposes. Corn, common beans, and pumpkins are the main crops in this agroecosystem, which important people’s nutritional security. Moreover, seeds have great potential preventing ameliorating noncommunicable diseases, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, among others. This work reviews analyzes health benefits assessed by recent preclinical clinical trials. Milpa protein quality, vitamins minerals, phytochemical composition also reviewed. Evidence suggests regular consumption combination could exert complementing effect to control deficiencies. phytochemicals components seed potentialize their individual benefits. be considered functional foods fight deficiencies prevent diseases.

Language: Английский

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The utility of metabolomics as a tool to inform maize biology

Plant Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 100187 - 100187

Published: April 21, 2021

With the rise of high-throughput omics tools and importance maize its products as food bioethanol, metabolism has been extensively explored. Modern is still rich in genetic phenotypic variation, yielding a wide range structurally functionally diverse metabolites. The metabolome also incredibly dynamic terms topology subcellular compartmentalization. In this review, we examine broad studies that cover recent developments metabolism. Particular attention given to current methodologies use metabolomics tool define biosynthetic pathways address biological questions. We touch upon understand natural variation evolution, with special focus on research used metabolite-based genome-wide association (mGWASs).

Language: Английский

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