Exhaled Nitric Oxide as Biomarker of Type 2 Diseases

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(21), P. 2518 - 2518

Published: Oct. 25, 2023

Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived gas molecule which has been studied for its role as signaling in the vasculature and later, broader view, cellular messenger many other biological processes such immunity inflammation, cell survival, apoptosis, aging. Fractional exhaled nitric (FeNO) convenient, easy-to-obtain, non-invasive method assessing active, mainly Th2-driven, airway sensitive to treatment with standard anti-inflammatory therapy. Consequently, FeNO serves valued tool aid diagnosis monitoring of several asthma phenotypes. More recently, evaluated respiratory and/or immunological conditions, including allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with/without nasal polyps, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, food allergy. In this review, we aim provide an extensive overview current state knowledge about biomarker type 2 outlining past recent data on application measurement patients affected by broad variety atopic/allergic disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Non-Invasive Biomarkers in the Era of Big Data and Machine Learning

Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 1396 - 1396

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Invasive diagnostic techniques, while offering critical insights into disease pathophysiology, are often limited by high costs, procedural risks, and patient discomfort. Non-invasive biomarkers represent a transformative alternative, providing precision through accessible biological samples or physiological data, including blood, saliva, breath, wearable health metrics. They encompass molecular imaging approaches, revealing genetic, epigenetic, metabolic alterations associated with states. Furthermore, advances in breathomics gut microbiome profiling further expand their scope. Even strengths terms of safety, cost-effectiveness, accessibility, non-invasive face challenges achieving monitoring sensitivity specificity comparable to traditional clinical approaches. Computational advancements, particularly artificial intelligence machine learning, addressing these limitations uncovering complex patterns multi-modal datasets, enhancing accuracy facilitating personalized medicine. The present review integrates recent innovations, examines applications, highlights provides concise overview the evolving role diagnostics, positioning them as compelling choice for large-scale healthcare applications.

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Cardiovascular Comorbidities in COPD

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1196 - 1196

Published: May 31, 2023

Oxidative stress driven by several environmental and local airway factors associated with chronic obstructive bronchiolitis, a hallmark feature of COPD, plays crucial role in disease pathomechanisms. Unbalance between oxidants antioxidant defense mechanisms amplifies the inflammatory processes, worsens cardiovascular health, contributes to COPD-related dysfunctions mortality. The current review summarizes recent developments our understanding different contributing oxidative its countermeasures, special attention those that link systemic processes. Major regulatory orchestrating these pathways are also introduced, some suggestions for further research field.

Language: Английский

---

Electrochemical Detection of Gasotransmitters: Status and Roadmap

ACS Sensors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 1682 - 1705

Published: April 9, 2024

Gasotransmitters, including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), are a class of gaseous, endogenous signaling molecules that interact with one another in the regulation critical cardiovascular, immune, neurological processes. The development analytical sensing mechanisms for gasotransmitters, especially multianalyte mechanisms, holds vast importance constitutes growing area study. This review provides an overview electrochemical emphasis on opportunities sensing. Electrochemical methods demonstrate good sensitivity, adequate selectivity, most well-developed potential detection gasotransmitters. Future research will likely address challenges sensor stability biocompatibility (i.e., lifetime cytotoxicity), miniaturization, biological settings.

Language: Английский

---

Optimization of the Electronic Nose Sensor Array for Asthma Detection Based on Genetic Algorithm

IEEE Access, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 74924 - 74935

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The human body releases several types of gases and volatile organic compounds through exhaled breath. This compound can be used as markers lung disease, including asthma. An electronic nose play a role in determining patient's condition. main problem that often occurs is the selection appropriate sensors based on their characteristics performance detecting various gas to provide an optimal system while still providing high accuracy. Genetic algorithms have good advantage applying feature problems effectively solve noise collinearity three genetic operators: crossover, mutation, selection. study aims apply this method determine number identifying healthy people asthma suspects Several classification methods are combined with selected sensor arrays obtain optimized system, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), artificial neural network (ANN), one-dimensional convolutional (1D-CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), 1D CNN-LSTM, CNN-GRU. These machine-learning approaches usually for systems highly accurate depending parameters. experimental results showed algorithm was able produce five provided certain pattern breath from suspects. Meanwhile, 1D-CNN model chosen dataset accuracy 96.6%, precision 96.1%, recall 95.5%, F1-score 95.6%.

Language: Английский

---

A mass spectrometry-based strategy for investigating volatile molecular interactions in microbial consortia: unveiling a Fusarium-specific induction of an antifungal compound

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Co-cultivation of microorganisms has emerged as a promising methodology for deciphering the intricate molecular interactions between species. This approach facilitates replication natural niches ecological or clinical relevance where microbes consistently interact. In this context, increasing attention been addressed toward elucidating crosstalk within fungal co-cultures. However, major challenge in area research is determining origin metabolites induced co-cultivation systems. Molecules elicited co-cultures may not be detectable individual cultures, making it challenging to establish which microorganism responsible their induction. For agar-diffused metabolites, imaging mass spectrometry can help overcome obstacle by localizing molecules during confrontations. volatile however, remains an open problem. To address issue, study, three-head-to-head co-culture strategy was developed, specifically focusing on exploration fungi via headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography spectrometry. applied study three species: Fusarium culmorum, Aspergillus amstelodami, and Cladosporium cladosporioides. The adopted revealed Fusarium-specific induction molecules: γ-terpinene two unidentified sesquiterpene compounds. Interestingly, showed antifungal activity bioassay against other amstelodami proposed could investigate highlight metabolite specific particular fungus involved vitro relevant better understanding complex biosynthetic responses consortia identifying activity.

Language: Английский

---

Nanosensors Based on Breathomics for Human Disease Diagnosis: a New Frontier in Personalized Healthcare

BioNanoScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: March 14, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Advancements in 2D-TMD Heterostructures for Next Generation Electronic Chemical Sensors

Materials Today Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100615 - 100615

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

High Concordance of E-Nose-Derived Breathprints in a Healthy Population: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 2610 - 2610

Published: April 20, 2025

Exhaled breath analysis using electronic noses (e-noses) is a promising non-invasive diagnostic tool. However, lack of standardized protocols limits clinical implementation. This study evaluates the consistency breathprints in healthy subjects Cyranose 320 e-nose to support standardization efforts. Breath samples from 139 non-smoking (age range 18–65 years) were collected protocol. Participants exhaled into Tedlar bag for immediate with 320. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used reduce data dimensionality, and K-means clustering grouped based on breathprints. PCA identified four principal components explaining 97.15% variance. revealed two clusters: 1 outlier 138 highly similar The median distance cluster center 0.21 (IQR: 0.18–0.24), indicating low variability. Box plots confirmed breathprint across subjects. high supports feasibility standardizing protocols. These findings highlight potential e-noses diagnostics, warranting further research diverse populations disease cohorts.

Language: Английский

---

In the Air: Exhaled Breath Analysis and Airway-Based Biomarkers in Interstitial Lung Diseases

Respiratory medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 143 - 158

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---