Horizontal Gene Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Biofilms

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 328 - 328

Published: Feb. 4, 2023

Most bacteria attach to biotic or abiotic surfaces and are embedded in a complex matrix which is known as biofilm. Biofilm formation especially worrisome clinical settings it hinders the treatment of infections with antibiotics due facilitated acquisition antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Environmental now considered pivotal for driving biofilm formation, biofilm-mediated development dissemination. Several studies have demonstrated that environmental biofilms can be hotspots dissemination ARGs. These encoded on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such conjugative mobilizable plasmids integrative (ICEs). ARGs rapidly transferred through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has been shown occur more frequently than planktonic cultures. models promising tools mimic natural study via HGT. This review summarizes state-of-the-art techniques visualize three main HGT mechanisms biofilms: transformation, transduction, conjugation.

Language: Английский

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Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa’s Resistome: Pan-Genomic Plasticity, the Impact of Transposable Elements and Jumping Genes

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 353 - 353

Published: March 31, 2025

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative, motile bacterium, may cause significant infections in both community and hospital settings, leading to substantial morbidity mortality. This opportunistic pathogen can thrive various environments, making it public health concern worldwide. P. aeruginosa’s genomic pool is highly dynamic diverse, with pan-genome size ranging from 5.5 7.76 Mbp. versatility arises its ability acquire genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) via different genetic elements (GEs), such as mobile (MGEs). These MGEs, collectively known the mobilome, facilitate spread of encoding resistance antimicrobials (ARGs), heavy metals (HMRGs), virulence (VGs), metabolic functions (MGs). Of particular are acquired carbapenemase (ACGs) other β-lactamase genes, classes A, B [metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs)], D carbapenemases, which lead increased antimicrobial resistance. review emphasizes importance mobilome understanding aeruginosa.

Language: Английский

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Integrons are anti-phage defence libraries in Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

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Identification of integrons and gene cassette-associated recombination sites in bacteriophage genomes

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Bacteriophages are versatile mobile genetic elements that play key roles in driving the evolution of their bacterial hosts through horizontal gene transfer. Phages co-evolve with and have plastic genomes extensive mosaicism. In this study, we present bioinformatic experimental evidence temperate virulent (lytic) phages carry integrons, including integron-integrase genes, attC/attI recombination sites cassettes. Integrons normally found Bacteria, where they capture, express re-arrange cassettes via activity. We demonstrate experimentally a panel attC carried phage can be recognized by class 1 (IntI1) then integrated into paradigmatic attI1 site using an x attI assay. With increasing number projected to become available, more phage-associated integrons components will likely identified future. The discovery integron bacteriophages establishes new route for lateral transfer these cargo genes between host cells.

Language: Английский

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High-throughput microfluidic quantitative PCR system for the simultaneous detection of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial and viral pathogens in wastewater

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 255, P. 119156 - 119156

Published: May 16, 2024

Comprehensive data on bacterial and viral pathogens of diarrhea studies applying culture-independent methods for examining antibiotic resistance in wastewater are lacking. This study aimed to simultaneously quantify genes (ARGs), class 1 integron-integrase (int1), diarrhea, 16S rRNA, other indicators using a high-throughput quantitative PCR (HT-qPCR) system. Thirty-six grab samples from treatment plant Japan three times month between August 2022 July 2023 were centrifuged, followed by nucleic acid extraction, reverse transcription, HT-qPCR. Fourteen targets included, HT-qPCR was performed the Biomark X9™ System (Standard BioTools). For all qPCR assays, R2 ≥ 0.978 efficiencies ranged 90.5% 117.7%, exhibiting high performance. Of 36 samples, 20 (56%) positive Norovirus genogroup II (NoV-GII), whereas Salmonella spp. Campylobacter jejuni detected 24 (67%) coli 13 (36%) with mean concentrations ranging 3.2 ± 0.8 4.7 0.3 log10 copies/L. NoV-GII detection rates higher winter spring. None correlated acute gastroenteritis cases, except NoV-GII, suggesting need specific infections validate wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). All tested sul1, int1, blaCTX-M, irrespective season. The less explored blaNDM-1 showed wide prevalence (>83%) consistent abundance 4.3 1.0 4.9 0.2 copies/L seasons. sul1 predominant ARG, absolute abundances blaCTX-M varied seasonally. int1 significantly autumn spring, it no correlation blaNDM-1, questioning applicability as sole indicator overall determinants. exhibited that system is pivotal WBE.

Language: Английский

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Discovery of integrons in Archaea: Platforms for cross-domain gene transfer

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(46)

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

Horizontal gene transfer between different domains of life is increasingly being recognized as an important evolutionary driver, with the potential to increase pace biochemical innovation and environmental adaptation. However, mechanisms underlying recruitment exogenous genes from foreign are mostly unknown. Integrons a family genetic elements that facilitate this process within Bacteria. they have not been reported outside Bacteria, thus their role in cross-domain has investigated. Here, we discover integrons also present 75 archaeal metagenome-assembled genomes nine phyla, particularly enriched among Asgard archaea. Furthermore, provide experimental evidence can by bacteria. Our findings establish previously unknown mechanism whereby bacteria incorporate surrounding environment via integron activity. These implications for prokaryotic ecology evolution.

Language: Английский

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Class 1 integron and related antimicrobial resistance gene dynamics along a complex freshwater system affected by different anthropogenic pressures

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 316, P. 120601 - 120601

Published: Nov. 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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Integrons as the potential targets for combating multidrug resistance inEnterobacteriaceaeusing CRISPR- Cas9 technique

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 134(7)

Published: July 1, 2023

Abstract The emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) to pan-drug (PDR) in Enterobacteriaceae has made treatment extremely challenging. Genetic mutations and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) through mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were frequently associated mechanisms drug pathogens. However, transposons, plasmids, integrons MDR genes bacterium via HGT much faster. Integrons are dsDNA segment that plays a crucial role the adaptation evolution bacteria. They contain multiple cassettes code for antibiotic determinants expressed by single promoter (Pc). cause Enterobacteriaceae. Although alternatives antibiotics such as bacteriophages, phage proteins, antimicrobial peptides, natural compounds have been widely used treat infections, there limited efforts reverse ability Thus, silencing harboured on MGEs achieved Gene Editing Techniques (GETs) might prevent spread MDR. One GETs, which simple design, good repeatability, low cost, high efficiency, is CRISPR- Cas9 system. this review first kind focuses utilizing structure an integron make it ideal target GETs like systems.

Language: Английский

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Methods for the targeted sequencing and analysis of integrons and their gene cassettes from complex microbial communities

Microbial Genomics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(3)

Published: March 1, 2022

Integrons are microbial genetic elements that can integrate mobile gene cassettes. They mostly known for spreading antibiotic resistance cassettes among human pathogens. However, beyond clinical settings, encode an extraordinarily diverse range of functions important bacterial adaptation. The recovery and sequencing has promising applications, including: surveillance clinically genes, particularly determinants; investigating the functional diversity integron-carrying bacteria; novel enzyme discovery. Although be directly recovered using PCR, there no standardised methods their amplification and, importantly, validating sequences as genuine integron Here, we present reproducible amplification, sequence processing, validation cassette amplicons from complex communities. We describe two different PCR assays either amplify together with integrases, or within arrays. compare performance Nanopore Illumina sequencing, bioinformatic pipelines filter to ensure they represent integrons. Using a set environmental DNAs, show our approach consistently recover thousands unique per sample up hundreds integrases. Recovered confer wide functions, including resistance, many 300 found in single sample. In particular, class one integrons collecting concentrating genes out broader functions. described here applied any microbiome

Language: Английский

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Molecular characterization of class 1 integrons in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales isolates

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 106051 - 106051

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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