Polymers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(15), P. 2155 - 2155
Published: July 29, 2024
Amid
environmental
pollution
and
resource
depletion,
developing
utilizing
biomass
resources
as
alternatives
to
petroleum
is
a
prominent
research
focus.
Driven
by
protection
sustainable
development,
the
shift
from
petroleum-based
bio-based
polyurethane
prevailing
trend
in
material
development.
Biomass
sources
such
vegetable
oil,
polysaccharides,
lignin
offer
extensive
application
prospects
production.
Functional
modifications
of
these
polyurethanes
can
further
expand
their
range.
This
article
explores
preparation
various
polyurethanes,
applications
across
different
fields,
anticipated
future
development
uses.
Polymer Composites,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
43(8), P. 4848 - 4865
Published: July 11, 2022
Abstract
Lignins
are
the
most
important
aromatic
renewable
natural
resource
today,
serving
as
a
sustainable,
environmentally
acceptable
alternative
feedstock
to
fossil‐derived
chemicals
and
polymers
in
vast
scope
of
value‐added
applications.
Lignin
is
biopolymeric
molecule
that,
together
with
cellulose,
fundamental
component
higher
vascular
plants
structural
cell
walls.
It
can
be
extracted
from
by‐products
pulp
paper
industries,
agricultural
waste
residues,
biorefinery
products.
properties
may
vary
depending
on
source
extraction
method
carbon
main
compositions
lignin
structure.
These
rich
make
more
valuable,
allowing
for
creation
high‐value‐added
green
composites.
However,
complex
structure
creates
low
reactivity
interact
crosslinker,
hence
chemical
modification
substantial
overcome
this
problem.
This
review
aimed
present
discuss
structure,
variation
regarding
its
process,
recent
advances
enhance
reactivity,
potential
applications
modified
manufacturing
biocomposites
enhanced
lower
environmental
impact,
such
food
handling/packaging,
seed
coating,
automotive
devices,
3D
printing,
rubber
industry,
wood
adhesives.
Green Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
25(8), P. 2896 - 2929
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Lignin
is
a
promising
bio-polyphenol
that
can
be
used
as
catalyst
in
various
industrial
and
commercial
processes.
Its
high
catalytic
activity
reusability
provide
sustainable
alternative
to
conventional
catalysts.
Biomacromolecules,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(3), P. 779 - 788
Published: March 3, 2022
The
gradually
depleting
fossil
resources
and
the
biosafety
of
bisphenol
A
have
always
restricted
green
development
traditional
epoxy
resin
field.
In
this
Article,
biomass
macromolecule
lignin
sulfonates
are
selected
as
raw
material
instead
to
prepare
lignin-based
adhesives.
Lignin
chemically
modified
combined
with
a
cross-linking
agent
form
adhesives
double-interpenetrating-network
structures.
resulting
adhesive
exhibits
maximum
tensile
shear
strength
11.29
MPa,
which
is
213%
higher
than
before
chemical
modification.
still
10.13
MPa
after
12
h
immersion
in
water
(20
°C),
its
9.30
boiling
(100
°C).
high-temperature
high-humidity
environment
has
no
significant
effect
on
properties
adhesive.
