Current advances in nanodrug delivery systems for malaria prevention and treatment

Discover Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: April 20, 2023

Abstract Malaria is a life-threatening, blood-borne disease with over two hundred million cases throughout the world and more prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa than anywhere else world. Over years, several treatment agents have been developed for malaria; however, most of these active pharmaceutical ingredients exhibit poor aqueous solubility low bioavailability may result drug-resistant parasites, thus increasing malaria eventually, deaths. Factors such as therapeutics led to better appreciation nanomaterials. The ability nanomaterials function drug carriers high loading capacity targeted delivery, good biocompatibility, toxicity renders them an appealing alternative conventional therapy. Nanomaterials dendrimers liposomes demonstrated be capable enhancing efficacy antimalarial drugs. This review discusses recent development their benefits delivery potential malaria.

Language: Английский

---

Molecular insights into artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum: An updated review

Infection Genetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 112, P. 105460 - 105460

Published: June 1, 2023

Malaria still poses a major burden on human health around the world, especially in endemic areas. Plasmodium resistance to several antimalarial drugs has been one of hindrances control malaria. Thus, World Health Organization recommended artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as front-line treatment for The emergence parasites resistant artemisinin, along with ACT partner drugs, led failure. artemisinin is mostly related mutations propeller domain kelch13 (k13) gene that encodes protein Kelch13 (K13). K13 an important role parasite reaction oxidative stress. most widely spread mutation K13, highest degree resistance, C580Y mutation. Other mutations, which are already identified markers R539T, I543T, and Y493H. objective this review provide current molecular insights into falciparum. trending use beyond its effect described. Immediate challenges future research directions discussed. Better understanding mechanisms underlying will accelerate implementation scientific findings solve problems malarial infection.

Language: Английский

---

AI-driven covalent drug design strategies targeting main protease (m ^pro ) against SARS-CoV-2: structural insights and molecular mechanisms

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 29

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants has raised concerns about the effectiveness COVID-19 vaccines. To address this challenge, small-molecule antivirals have been proposed as a crucial therapeutic option. Among potential targets for anti-COVID-19 therapy, main protease (Mpro) is important due to its essential role in virus's life cycle and high conservation. substrate-binding region core proteases various coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), could be used generation inhibitors. Various drug discovery methods employed diverse range strategies, targeting both monomeric dimeric forms, repurposing, integrating virtual screening with high-throughput (HTS), structure-based design, each demonstrating varying levels efficiency. Covalent inhibitors, such Nirmatrelvir MG-101, showcase robust high-affinity binding Mpro, exhibiting stable interactions confirmed by molecular docking studies. Development effective antiviral drugs imperative pandemic situations. This review explores recent advances search Mpro inhibitors application artificial intelligence (AI) design. AI leverages vast datasets advanced algorithms streamline design identification promising AI-driven methods, docking, predictive modeling, are at forefront identifying candidates therapy. In time when potentially threat global health, quest potent solutions critical inhibiting virus.

Language: Английский

---

Antiviral and Possible Prophylactic Significance of Myricetin for COVID-19

Natural Product Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

Myricetin (3,5,7,3′,4′,5′ -hexahydroxyflavone), a common dietary flavonoid, has been reported for its roles in improving health due to various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and antidiabetic. also shown have broad spectrum of antiviral effects against variety viruses including Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RLV), human immunodeficiency (HIV), Coxsackie virus, Ebolavirus, Zika herpes simplex (HSV-1 HSV-2), dengue norovirus, infectious bronchitis African swine fever both DNA polymerase α I. Intensive research suggests that the remarkable potential myricetin promoting either prevention or overcoming SARS-CoV-2 infection is wide range on SARS-COV-2 proteases, modulation inflammatory processes immune responses. In silico vitro studies demonstrated can effectively interfere at stages viral infection, coronavirus entry replication cycle high-binding affinity with S-protein, ACE2 receptor, PLpro, Mpro, RdRp, exonuclease, endoribonuclease. Based findings discussed this review, myricetin, glycosides, dihydromyricetin, be considered multi-targeted agents having beneficial combatting COVID-19.

Language: Английский

---

Effect of silver nanoparticle size on interaction with artemisinin: First principle study

Results in Surfaces and Interfaces, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100104 - 100104

Published: March 3, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Recuperative herbal formula Jing Si maintains vasculature permeability balance, regulates inflammation and assuages concomitants of “Long-Covid”

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 114752 - 114752

Published: April 26, 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide health threat that has long-term effects on the patients and there currently no efficient cure prescribed for treatment prolonging effects. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to exert therapeutic effect against COVID-19. In this study, of Jing Si herbal tea (JSHT) COVID-19 infection associated were evaluated in different vitro vivo models. The anti-inflammatory JSHT studied lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells Omicron pseudotyped virus-induced acute lung injury model. cellular stress was determined HK-2 proximal tubular H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. benefits anhedonia depression symptoms with long COVID mice models unpredictable chronic mild (UCMS). inhibited NF-ƙB activities, significantly reduced LPS-induced expression TNFα, COX-2, NLRP3 inflammasome, HMGB1. also found suppress production NO by reducing iNOS LPS-stimulated cells. Further, protective tissue confirmed based mitigation injury, repression TMRRSS2 HMGB-1 reduction cytokine storm UCMS relieved combated symptoms. results therefore show attenuates repressing NF-κB cascades provides functions infection.

Language: Английский

---

RETRACTED: Agrawal et al. Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment? Molecules 2022, 27, 3828

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(21), P. 7337 - 7337

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

The journal retracts the article "Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals Treatment [...].

Language: Английский

---

Anti-BVDV Activity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Monomers Targeting NS5B (RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase) In Vitro and In Vivo

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 3413 - 3413

Published: April 12, 2023

Natural products have emerged as “rising stars” for treating viral diseases and useful chemical scaffolds developing effective therapeutic agents. The nonstructural protein NS5B (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) of NADL strain BVDV was used the action target based on a molecular docking technique to screen herbal monomers anti-BVDV activity. in vivo vitro virus activity studies screened Chinese with significant effects, their antiviral mechanisms were initially explored. screening showed that daidzein, curcumin, artemisinine, apigenin could interact BVDV-NADL-NS5B best binding energy fraction. In tests demonstrated none four significantly affected MDBK cell Daidzein replication mainly attachment internalization phases, artemisinine phase, curcumin active attachment, internalization, replication, release phases. daidzein most preventing protecting BALB/C mice from infection, infection. This study lays foundation targeted pharmaceutical formulations against virus.

Language: Английский

---

The Potential of Artemisinins as Novel Treatment for Thyroid Eye Disease by Inhibiting Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64(7), P. 28 - 28

Published: June 16, 2023

Thyroid eye disease (TED) causes cosmetic defect and even threatens eyesight due to tissue remodeling in which orbital fibroblast (OF) plays a central role mainly by differentiating into adipocytes. Repurposing old drugs novel applications is of particular interest. Here, we aimed evaluate the effects antimalarials artemisinin (ARS) derivatives on OFs isolated from patients with TED their counterparts.OFs or counterparts were cultured passaged proliferation medium (PM) stimulated differentiation (DM) for adipogenesis. treated without ARS, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), artesunate (ART) at different concentrations, before being examined vitro. CCK-8 used assess cellular viability. Cell was determined EdU incorporation flow cytometry. Lipid accumulation within cells evaluated Oil Red O staining. Hyaluronan production ELISA. RNAseq, qPCR, Western blot analysis performed illustrate underlying mechanisms.ARSs dose-dependently interfered lipid TED-OFs, rather than non-TED-OFs. Meanwhile, expression key adipogenic markers, such as PLIN1, PPARG, FABP4, CEBPA, suppressed. During adipogenesis cultivated DM, instead PM, ARSs also inhibited cell cycle, hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) concentration-dependent manner. Mechanically, favorable potentially mediated repression IGF1R-PI3K-AKT signaling dampening IGF1R expression.Collectedly, our data evidenced that conventional therapeutic TED.

Language: Английский

---

Promoter variations in DBR2-like affect artemisinin production in different chemotypes of Artemisia annua

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(9)

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Abstract Artemisia annua is the only known plant source of potent antimalarial artemisinin, which occurs as low- and high-artemisinin producing (LAP HAP) chemotypes. Nevertheless, different mechanisms artemisinin between these two chemotypes were still not fully understood. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis genome resequencing, metabolome, transcriptome data to systematically compare difference in LAP chemotype JL HAP HAN. Metabolites revealed that 72.18% sesquiterpenes was highly accumulated HAN compared JL. Integrated omics found DBR2-Like (DBR2L) gene may be involved biosynthesis. DBR2L homologous with DBR2, belonged ORR3 family, had DBR2 activity catalyzing artemisinic aldehyde dihydroartemisinic aldehyde. Genome resequencing promoter cloning complicated variations existed promoters among varieties A. clustered into three variation types. The diverse variant types showed obvious differences. Furthermore, core region (−625 0) identified candidate transcription factors regulation screened. Thus, result indicates another key enzyme affects its expression level, thereby yield annua. It provides novel insight mechanism artemisinin-producing annua, will assist high

Language: Английский

---