Magnesium: Biochemistry, Nutrition, Detection, and Social Impact of Diseases Linked to Its Deficiency

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 1136 - 1136

Published: March 30, 2021

Magnesium plays an important role in many physiological functions. Habitually low intakes of magnesium and general the deficiency this micronutrient induce changes biochemical pathways that can increase risk illness and, particular, chronic degenerative diseases. The assessment status is consequently great importance, however, its evaluation difficult. measurement serum concentration most commonly used readily available method for assessing status, even if levels have no reliable correlation with total body or concentrations specific tissues. Therefore, review offers overview recent insights into from multiple perspectives. Starting a point view, it aims at highlighting due to insufficient uptake (frequently content modern western diet), suggesting strategies reach recommended dietary reference values, focusing on importance detecting pathological various districts, order counteract social impact diseases linked deficiency.

Language: Английский

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Magnesium in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 320 - 320

Published: Jan. 22, 2021

Magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency is probably the most underestimated electrolyte imbalance in Western countries. It frequent obese patients, subjects with type-2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, both adulthood childhood. This narrative review aims to offer insights into pathophysiological mechanisms linking Mg2+ obesity risk of developing syndrome type 2 diabetes. Literature highlights critical issues about treatment deficiency, such as lack a clear definition nutritional status, use different salts dosage duration supplementation. Despite agreement, an appropriate dietary pattern, including right intake Mg2+, improves by reducing blood pressure, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia. occurs through modulation gene expression proteomic profile well positive influence on composition intestinal microbiota metabolism vitamins B1 D.

Language: Английский

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An update on magnesium and bone health

BioMetals, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 715 - 736

Published: May 6, 2021

Abstract In 2009 EFSA Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of magnesium (Mg) maintenance normal bone. After 2009, numerous studies have published, but no reviews made an update on this topic. So, aim narrative review was to consider state art since Mg blood levels, supplementation (alone or with other micronutrients; last topic considered 1990, because it is not included in claims) bone health humans. This 28 eligible studies: nine concern blood, 12 seven supplementation, alone combination nutrients. From various carried out serum concentration its bone, shown lower values are related presence osteoporosis, about 30–40% subjects analyzed (mainly menopausal women) hypomagnesaemia. Various dietetic investigations many people (about 20%) constantly consume quantities than recommended; moreover, category, mineral density higher fracturing risk found. Considering intervention published date Mg, most used form citrate, carbonate oxide, dosage varying 250 1800 mg. all there benefit both terms fracture risk.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Magnesium in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1714 - 1714

Published: April 20, 2022

Magnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient for maintaining vital physiological functions. It involved in many fundamental processes, and Mg deficiency often correlated with negative health outcomes. On the one hand, most western civilizations consume less than recommended daily allowance of Mg. other a growing body evidence has indicated that chronic hypomagnesemia may be implicated pathogenesis various metabolic disorders such as overweight obesity, insulin resistance (IR) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (HTN), changes lipid metabolism, low-grade inflammation. High intake diet and/or supplementation seems to prevent complications. The protective action include limiting adipose tissue accumulation, improving glucose enhancing endothelium-dependent vasodilation, normalizing profile, attenuating inflammatory processes. Thus, it currently plays important role developing associated although more randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating strategies are needed. This work represents review synthesis recent data on disorders.

Language: Английский

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Natural Ingredients to Improve Immunity

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 528 - 528

Published: April 1, 2023

The immune system protects the body from infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Once encountered with pathogens antigens, innate and adaptive arms of trigger a strong response to eliminate them protect body. Thus, well-balanced immunity is pivotal for maintaining human health, an insufficient level defense leads infections tumors. In contrast, excessive functioning causes development autoimmune diseases allergies. Strong requires adequate nutrition, dietary interventions, sufficient intake certain vitamins (vitamin C, vitamin D, folic acid) minerals (magnesium, zinc, selenium). Therefore, nutritional micronutrient deficiencies lead compromised immunity. Several natural ingredients have shown potent immunomodulatory properties. immune-enhancing properties many plants fungi are due containing bioactive phytoconstituents polyphenols, terpenoids, β-glucans, vitamins, etc. Probiotics prebiotics can be used innovative tools reduce intestinal inflammation downregulate hypersensitivity reactions. Plant sources melatonin, multifunctional molecule proven anti-inflammatory properties, been discovered relatively recently. compounds augment by directly increasing cytotoxic activity killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils. Many prevent cell damage their powerful antimicrobial, antioxidant, present review attempts understand molecular mechanisms underlying some plants, fungi, animals, microorganisms, other sources.

Language: Английский

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Magnesium Disorders

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 390(21), P. 1998 - 2009

Published: June 5, 2024

This review focuses on recent discoveries in how magnesium functions the body, concentrating hypomagnesemia, most common clinical disorder. Hypermagnesemia is rare and seen mainly patients with kidney disease.

Language: Английский

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Is magnesium level significant in prognosis of geriatric patients admitted to the emergency department?

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 90, P. 88 - 92

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Role of Vitamin D in Athletes and Their Performance: Current Concepts and New Trends

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 579 - 579

Published: Feb. 23, 2020

We are currently experiencing a vitamin D (VITD) deficiency pandemic across the world. Athletes have same predisposition to low levels of D, majority its concentrations being below 20 ng/mL in wide range sports, especially winter months. Vitamin is important bone health, but recent research also points out essential role extraskeletal functions, including skeletal muscle growth, immune and cardiopulmonary functions inflammatory modulation, which influence athletic performance. can interact with tissues modulate injury recovery risk infection. The data presented this paper has triggered investigations relation importance maintaining adequate possible positive supplementation on musculoskeletal athletes, benefiting their performance preventing future injuries. objective review describe latest conducted epidemiology effects sports health.

Language: Английский

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Magnesium and Drugs

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(9), P. 2094 - 2094

Published: April 28, 2019

Several drugs including diuretics and proton-pump inhibitors can cause magnesium loss hypomagnesemia. Magnesium use the same transport metabolism pathways in body for their intestinal absorption, metabolism, elimination. This means that when one or more drug is taken, there always a potential risk of interaction with status. Consequently action may be adversely affected by (e.g., magnesium, calcium, zinc interfere gastrointestinal absorption tetracycline antibiotics) simultaneously physiological function minerals such as impaired induce renal loss). Given ever-increasing number on market frequency which they are used, greater attention must paid daily medical pharmaceutical practice focused particular adverse effects therapy status order to minimize health patients.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 53(3), P. 33 - 42

Published: June 15, 2020

There is a growing body of evidence for the effects vitamin D on intestinal host-microbiome interactions related to gut dysbiosis and bowel inflammation. This brief review highlights potential links between health, emphasizing role in microbiological immunological mechanisms inflammatory diseases. A comprehensive literature search was carried out PubMed Google Scholar using combinations keywords "vitamin D," "intestines," "gut microflora," "bowel inflammation". Only articles published English study topic are included review. We discuss how (a) modulates microbiome function, (b) controls antimicrobial peptide expression, (c) has protective effect epithelial barriers mucosa. Vitamin its nuclear receptor (VDR) regulate barrier integrity, control innate adaptive immunity gut. Metabolites from microbiota may also expression VDR, while influence exert anti-inflammatory immune-modulating effects. The underlying mechanism pathogenesis diseases not fully understood, but maintaining an optimal status appears be beneficial health. Future studies will shed light molecular through which VDR affect mucosal immunity, pathogen invasion, symbiont colonization, expression.

Language: Английский

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