Endocrinology and Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
36(4), P. 745 - 756
Published: Aug. 30, 2021
Intermittent
fasting
has
become
an
increasingly
popular
strategy
in
losing
weight
and
associated
reduction
obesity-related
medical
complications.
Overwhelming
studies
support
metabolic
improvements
from
intermittent
blood
glucose
levels,
cardiac
brain
function,
other
health
benefits,
addition
to
loss.
However,
concerns
have
also
been
raised
on
side
effects
including
muscle
loss,
ketosis,
electrolyte
imbalance.
Of
particular
concern,
the
effect
of
hormonal
circadian
rhythms
received
little
attention.
Given
known
importance
changes
normal
physiology,
potential
detrimental
by
dysregulation
deserve
careful
discussions.
In
this
review,
we
describe
hormones
caused
fasting.
We
covered
major
commonly
pathophysiologically
involved
clinical
endocrinology,
insulin,
thyroid
hormones,
glucocorticoids.
that
could
alter
both
level
frequency
hormone
secretion,
decisions
practicing
should
take
more
considerations
consequences
versus
beneficial
pertaining
individual
conditions.
European Heart Journal,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
42(34), P. 3227 - 3337
Published: Aug. 30, 2021
The
ESC
Guidelines
represent
the
views
of
and
were
produced
after
careful
consideration
scientific
medical
knowledge
evidence
available
at
time
their
publication.The
is
not
responsible
in
event
any
contradiction,
discrepancy
and/or
ambiguity
between
other
official
recommendations
or
guidelines
issued
by
relevant
public
health
authorities,
particular
relation
to
good
use
healthcare
therapeutic
strategies.Health
professionals
are
encouraged
take
fully
into
account
when
exercising
clinical
judgment,
as
well
determination
implementation
preventive,
diagnostic
strategies;
however,
do
override,
way
whatsoever,
individual
responsibility
make
appropriate
accurate
decisions
each
patient's
condition
consultation
with
that
patient
and,
where
necessary,
caregiver.Nor
exempt
from
taking
full
updated
competent
order
manage
case
light
scientifically
accepted
data
pursuant
respective
ethical
professional
obligations.It
also
professional's
verify
applicable
rules
regulations
relating
drugs
devices
prescription.
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
29(1), P. 5 - 115
Published: Sept. 24, 2021
The
ESC
Guidelines
represent
the
views
of
and
were
produced
after
careful
consideration
scientific
medical
knowledge
evidence
available
at
time
their
publication.The
is
not
responsible
in
event
any
contradiction,
discrepancy
and/or
ambiguity
between
other
official
recommendations
or
guidelines
issued
by
relevant
public
health
authorities,
particular
relation
to
good
use
healthcare
therapeutic
strategies.Health
professionals
are
encouraged
take
fully
into
account
when
exercising
clinical
judgment,
as
well
determination
implementation
preventive,
diagnostic
strategies;
however,
do
override,
way
whatsoever,
individual
responsibility
make
appropriate
accurate
decisions
each
patient's
condition
consultation
with
that
patient
and,
where
necessary,
caregiver.Nor
exempt
from
taking
full
updated
competent
order
manage
case
light
scientifically
accepted
data
pursuant
respective
ethical
professional
obligations.It
also
professional's
verify
applicable
rules
regulations
relating
drugs
devices
prescription.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
45(8), P. 6651 - 6666
Published: Aug. 12, 2023
Oxidative
stress
is
a
critical
factor
in
the
pathogenesis
and
progression
of
diabetes
its
associated
complications.
The
imbalance
between
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
production
body’s
antioxidant
defence
mechanisms
leads
to
cellular
damage
dysfunction.
In
diabetes,
chronic
hyperglycaemia
mitochondrial
dysfunction
contribute
increased
ROS
production,
further
exacerbating
oxidative
stress.
This
burden
adversely
affects
various
aspects
including
impaired
beta-cell
function
insulin
resistance,
leading
disrupted
glucose
regulation.
Additionally,
stress-induced
blood
vessels
endothelial
development
diabetic
vascular
complications
such
as
retinopathy,
nephropathy,
cardiovascular
diseases.
Moreover,
organs
tissues
throughout
body,
kidneys,
nerves,
eyes,
are
vulnerable
stress,
resulting
neuropathy,
retinopathy.
Strategies
mitigate
include
therapy,
lifestyle
modifications,
effective
management
hyperglycaemia.
However,
research
necessary
comprehensively
understand
underlying
evaluate
efficacy
interventions
preventing
treating
By
addressing
it
might
be
possible
alleviate
improve
patient
outcomes.
JAMA Network Open,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
4(12), P. e2139558 - e2139558
Published: Dec. 17, 2021
Importance
Several
meta-analyses
of
randomized
clinical
trials
(RCTs)
have
demonstrated
the
many
health
benefits
intermittent
fasting
(IF).
However,
there
has
been
little
synthesis
strength
and
quality
this
evidence
in
aggregate
to
date.
Objective
To
grade
from
published
RCTs
that
assessed
associations
IF
(zero-calorie
alternate-day
fasting,
modified
5:2
diet,
time-restricted
eating)
with
obesity-related
outcomes.
Evidence
Review
PubMed,
Embase,
Cochrane
database
systematic
reviews
were
searched
inception
January
12,
2021.
Data
analysis
was
conducted
April
2021
through
July
Meta-analyses
investigating
effects
adults
included.
The
effect
sizes
recalculated
using
a
random-effects
model.
We
per
association
by
applying
GRADE
criteria
(Grading
Recommendations,
Assessment,
Development,
Evaluations)
as
high,
moderate,
low,
very
low.
Findings
A
total
11
comprising
130
(median
[IQR]
sample
size,
38
[24-69]
participants;
median
follow-up
period,
3
[2-5]
months)
included
describing
104
unique
different
types
outcomes
studies
association,
4
[3-5]).
There
28
statistically
significant
(27%)
beneficial
for
body
mass
index,
weight,
fat
mass,
low-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol,
triglycerides,
plasma
glucose,
insulin,
homeostatic
model
assessment
insulin
resistance,
blood
pressure.
found
be
associated
reduced
fat-free
mass.
One
(1%)
supported
high-quality
1
2
months,
which
moderate
reduction
index
healthy
overweight,
obesity,
or
nonalcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
compared
regular
diet.
Six
(6%)
evidence.
remaining
low
(75
[72%])
(22
[21%])
Conclusions
Relevance
In
umbrella
review,
we
anthropometric
cardiometabolic
high
evidence,
supports
role
IF,
especially
weight
loss
approach
overweight
obesity.
More
long-term
are
needed
investigate
on
such
cardiovascular
events
mortality.
Annual Review of Physiology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
85(1), P. 449 - 468
Published: Nov. 14, 2022
The
interplay
between
diet,
the
gut
microbiome,
and
host
health
is
complex.
Diets
associated
with
have
many
similarities:
high
fiber,
unsaturated
fatty
acids,
polyphenols
while
being
low
in
saturated
fats,
sodium,
refined
carbohydrates.
Over
past
several
decades,
dietary
patterns
changed
significantly
Westernized
nations
increased
consumption
of
calorically
dense
ultraprocessed
foods
fiber
salt,
carbohydrates,
leading
to
numerous
negative
consequences
including
obesity,
metabolic
syndrome,
cardiovascular
disease.
microbiota
an
environmental
factor
that
interacts
diet
may
also
impact
on
outcomes,
which
involve
metabolites
produced
by
from
components
can
host.
This
review
focuses
our
current
understanding
complex
relationship
microbiota,
health,
examples
how
support
increase
individual's
risk
for
disease,
be
used
as
a
therapy
specific
diseases.
American Journal of Preventive Cardiology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
5, P. 100149 - 100149
Published: Jan. 23, 2021
Given
rapid
advancements
in
medical
science,
it
is
often
challenging
for
the
busy
clinician
to
remain
up-to-date
on
fundamental
and
multifaceted
aspects
of
preventive
cardiology
maintain
awareness
latest
guidelines
applicable
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)
risk
factors.
The
"American
Society
Preventive
Cardiology
(ASPC)
Top
Ten
CVD
Risk
Factors
2021
Update"
a
summary
document
(updated
yearly)
regarding
This
"ASPC
reflects
perspective
section
authors
ten
things
know
about
sentinel
It
also
includes
quick
access
references
(applicable
select
reviews)
each
factor
section.
factors
include
unhealthful
nutrition,
physical
inactivity,
dyslipidemia,
hyperglycemia,
high
blood
pressure,
obesity,
considerations
populations
(older
age,
race/ethnicity,
sex
differences),
thrombosis/smoking,
kidney
dysfunction
genetics/familial
hypercholesterolemia.
For
individual
patient,
other
may
be
relevant,
beyond
discussed
here.
However,
intent
provide
succinct
overview
common
cardiology.
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
12(12), P. 3770 - 3770
Published: Dec. 8, 2020
Introduction:
Recent
observations
have
shown
that
lengthening
the
daily
eating
period
may
contribute
to
onset
of
chronic
diseases.
Time-restricted
(TRE)
is
a
diet
especially
limits
this
food
window.
It
could
represent
dietary
approach
likely
improve
health
markers.
The
aim
study
was
review
how
time-restricted
affects
human
health.
Method:
Five
general
databases
and
six
nutrition
journals
were
screened
identify
all
studies
published
between
January
2014
September
2020
evaluating
effects
TRE
on
populations.
Results:
Among
494
articles
collected,
23
finally
included
for
analysis.
overall
adherence
rate
80%,
with
20%
unintentional
reduction
in
caloric
intake.
induced
an
average
weight
loss
3%
fat
mass.
This
also
observed
without
any
restriction.
Interestingly,
produced
beneficial
metabolic
independently
loss,
suggesting
intrinsic
effect
based
realignment
feeding
circadian
clock.
Conclusions:
simple
well-tolerated
generates
many
chrononutrition
principles.
More
rigorous
are
needed,
however,
confirm
those
effects,
understand
their
mechanisms
assess
applicability
