Diet-induced changes in metabolism influence immune response and viral shedding in Jamaican fruit bats

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 292(2041)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Land-use change may drive viral spillover from bats into humans, partly through dietary shifts caused by decreased availability of native foods and increased cultivated foods. We experimentally manipulated diets Jamaican fruit to investigate whether diet influences shedding. To reflect changes experienced wild during periods nutritional stress, were fed either a standard or putative suboptimal diet, which was deprived protein (suboptimal-sugar diet) and/or supplemented with fat (suboptimal-fat diet). Upon H18N11 influenza A-virus infection, on the suboptimal-sugar shed most RNA for longest period, but suboptimal-fat least shortest period. Bats both ate more food than suggesting alter foraging behaviour. This study serves as an initial step in understanding how influence dynamics bats, alters risk humans.

Language: Английский

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Diet as a Modulator of Intestinal Microbiota in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 3504 - 3504

Published: Nov. 14, 2020

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-driven inflammatory disease characterised by synovial inflammation, leading to progressive cartilage and bone destruction, impacting patients’ functional capacity quality of life. Patients with RA have significant differences in gut microbiota composition when compared controls. Intestinal dysbiosis influences the intestinal barrier strength, integrity function, diet considered main environmental factor microbiota. Over last few years, researchers focused on influence single components modulation rather than whole dietary patterns. In this review, we focus how Mediterranean (MD), pattern, could possibly act as an adjuvant therapeutic approach, modulating function order improve RA-related outcomes. We also review potential effects particular MD, such n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), polyphenols fibre.

Language: Английский

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Polystyrene Microplastics Exposure: An Insight into Multiple Organ Histological Alterations, Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity in Javanese Medaka Fish (Oryzias javanicus Bleeker, 1854)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(18), P. 9449 - 9449

Published: Sept. 7, 2021

Microplastics (MPs) have become pollutants of concern due to their unknown human health effect and negative impact on terrestrial aquatic ecosystems. There is increasing number experimental research MPs globally with its effects not fully understood; recent animal studies explore the intestines, yet other vital organs. Javanese medaka fish was exposed polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) beads for a period 21 days. Histological alterations, intestinal oxidative stress, permeability neurotoxicity were evaluated. Significant inflammatory changes tissue damage observed in intestine, liver kidney. Intestinal stress found be significantly increased. In brain, characterised by significant induction lipid peroxidation inhibition acetylcholinesterase enzyme elucidated. This study provided an insight into multiple organ exposure, necessitating further exploration identification biomarkers utilised biomonitoring population at risk future.

Language: Английский

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Microscopic colitis

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: June 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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The blood–brain and gut–vascular barriers: from the perspective of claudins

Tissue Barriers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(3)

Published: June 21, 2021

In some organs, such as the brain, endothelial cells form a robust and highly selective blood-to-tissue barrier. However, in other intestine, provide less stringent permeability, to allow rapid exchange of solutes nutrients where needed. To maintain structural functional integrity dynamic blood-brain gut-vascular barriers, specialized cell-cell junctions, known adherens junctions tight junctions. Claudins are family four-membrane-spanning proteins at they have both barrier-forming pore-forming properties. Tissue-specific expression claudins has been linked different diseases that characterized by barrier impairment. this review, we summarize more recent progress field claudins, with particular attention their function recently described barrier, under physiological pathological conditions.Abbreviations: 22q11DS 22q11 deletion syndrome; ACKR1 atypical chemokine receptor 1; AD Alzheimer disease; AQP aquaporin; ATP adenosine triphosphate; Aβ amyloid β; BAC bacterial artificial chromosome; BBB barrier; C/EBP-α CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α; cAMP cyclic monophosphate (or 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate); CD cluster differentiation; CNS central nervous system; DSRED discosoma red; EAE experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; ECV304 immortalized cell line established from vein an apparently normal human umbilical cord; EGFP enhanced green fluorescent protein; ESAM cell-selective adhesion molecule; GLUT-1 glucose transporter GVB H2B histone H2B; HAPP precursor HEK embryonic kidney; JACOP junction-associated coiled coil JAM junctional molecules; LYVE1 lymphatic vessel hyaluronan MADCAM1 mucosal vascular addressin molecule MAPK mitogen-activated kinase; MCAO middle cerebral artery occlusion; MMP metalloprotease; MS multiple sclerosis; MUPP multi-PDZ domain PATJ PALS-1-associated junction PDGFR-α platelet-derived growth factor α polypeptide; PDGFR-β β RHO rho-associated ROCK rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing RT-qPCR real time quantitative polymerase chain reactions; soluble receptor, T24 urinary bladder carcinoma cells; TG2576 transgenic mice expressing TNF-α tumor necrosis WTwild-type; ZO zonula occludens.

Language: Английский

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