Aging and age‐related diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies

Biogerontology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 165 - 187

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 524 - 524

Published: May 7, 2021

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative associated with human aging. Ten percent of individuals over 65 years have AD and its prevalence continues to rise increasing age. There are currently no effective modifying treatments for AD, resulting in increasingly large socioeconomic personal costs. Increasing age an increase low-grade chronic inflammation (inflammaging) that may contribute the process AD. Although exact mechanisms remain unclear, aberrant elevation reactive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS) levels from several endogenous exogenous processes brain not only affect cell signaling, but also trigger cellular senescence, inflammation, pyroptosis. Moreover, compromised immune privilege allows infiltration peripheral cells infectious agents play role. Additionally, meta-inflammation as well gut microbiota dysbiosis drive neuroinflammatory process. Considering inflammatory/immune pathways dysregulated parallel cognitive dysfunction elucidating relationship between central nervous system facilitate development safe therapy We discuss some current ideas on inflammaging appear summarize details few immunomodulatory strategies being developed selectively target detrimental aspects neuroinflammation without affecting defense against pathogens tissue damage.

Language: Английский

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The role of nutrition in inflammaging

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 77, P. 101596 - 101596

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

MedComm, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(3)

Published: May 2, 2023

Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent bonds on backbones amino acid side chains proteins and expand diversity proteins, which provides basis for emergence organismal complexity. To date, more than 650 types protein modifications, such as most well-known phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, methylation, SUMOylation, short-chain long-chain acylation redox irreversible have been described, inventory is still increasing. By changing conformation, localization, activity, stability, charges, interactions with other biomolecules, PTMs ultimately alter phenotypes biological processes cells. The homeostasis important human health. Abnormal may cause changes in properties loss functions, are closely related occurrence development various diseases. In this review, we systematically introduce characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, functions health addition, therapeutic prospects diseases by targeting associated enzymes also summarized. This work will deepen understanding promote discovery diagnostic prognostic markers drug targets

Language: Английский

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Aging, oxidative stress and degenerative diseases: mechanisms, complications and emerging therapeutic strategies

Biogerontology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 609 - 662

Published: July 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cardiac cell senescence: molecular mechanisms, key proteins and therapeutic targets

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Abstract Cardiac aging, particularly cardiac cell senescence, is a natural process that occurs as we age. Heart function gradually declines in old age, leading to continuous heart failure, even people without prior history of disease. To address this issue and improve function, it crucial investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying senescence. This review summarizes main key proteins involved further discusses modulators cellular senescence aging hearts. Furthermore, discussion will encompass comprehensive descriptions drugs, modes action potential targets for intervention By offering fresh perspective insights into seeks provide important theoretical foundations development drugs targeting condition.

Language: Английский

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Chronotype and Cancer: Emerging Relation Between Chrononutrition and Oncology from Human Studies

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 529 - 529

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Fasting-feeding timing is a crucial pattern implicated in the regulation of daily circadian rhythms. The interplay between sleep and meal underscores importance maintaining alignment order to avoid creating metabolic environment conducive carcinogenesis following molecular systemic disruption performance immune function. chronicity such condition may support initiation progression cancer through variety mechanisms, including increased oxidative stress, suppression, activation proliferative signaling pathways. This review aims summarize current evidence from human studies provide an overview potential mechanisms underscoring role chrononutrition (including time-restricted eating) on risk. Current shows that morning chronotype, suggesting physiological rhythms eating timing, associated with lower risk cancer. Also, early prolonged nighttime fasting were also suggests chronotype influences cell cycle regulation, modulation pathways inflammation, gut microbiota fluctuations. In conclusion, although there are no clear guidelines this matter, emerging supports hypothesis time-related (i.e., time/calorie-restricted feeding intermittent/periodic fasting) could potentially lead reduced

Language: Английский

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Time-restricted feeding restores muscle function in Drosophila models of obesity and circadian-rhythm disruption

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: June 20, 2019

Abstract Pathological obesity can result from genetic predisposition, obesogenic diet, and circadian rhythm disruption. Obesity compromises function of muscle, which accounts for a majority body mass. Behavioral intervention that counteract arising genetic, diet or disruption improve muscle holds untapped potential to combat the epidemic. Here we show Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) subject challenges exhibits metabolic disease phenotypes in skeletal muscle; sarcomere disorganization, mitochondrial deformation, upregulation Phospho-AKT level, aberrant intramuscular lipid infiltration, insulin resistance. Imposing time-restricted feeding (TRF) paradigm flies were fed 12 h during day counteracts obesity-induced dysmetabolism improves performance by suppressing fat deposits, aberrations, markers Importantly, TRF was effective even an irregular lighting schedule mimicking shiftwork. Hence, is dietary combating dysfunction multiple causes.

Language: Английский

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mTOR in Alzheimer disease and its earlier stages: Links to oxidative damage in the progression of this dementing disorder

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 382 - 396

Published: April 30, 2021

Language: Английский

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Mediterranean-Type Dietary Pattern and Physical Activity: The Winning Combination to Counteract the Rising Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 429 - 429

Published: Jan. 28, 2021

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (mainly cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory and type 2 diabetes) are the main causes of death worldwide. Their burden is expected to rise in future, especially less developed economies among poor spread across middle- high-income countries. Indeed, treatment prevention these pathologies constitute a crucial challenge for public health. The major non-communicable share four modifiable behavioral risk factors: unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco usage excess alcohol consumption. Therefore, adoption healthy lifestyles, which include not excessive intake, no smoking, diet regular activity, represents economical strategy counteract global NCDs burden. This review summarizes latest evidence demonstrating that Mediterranean-type dietary pattern activity are, alone combination, key interventions both prevent control NCDs.

Language: Английский

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