Advancing Chrononutrition for Cardiometabolic Health: A 2023 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop Report

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2025

The circadian system maintains optimal biological functions at the appropriate time of day, and disruption this organization can contribute to pathogenesis cardiometabolic disorders. timing eating is a prominent external cue that influences system. “Chrononutrition” an emerging dimension nutrition active area research examines how timing‐related aspects impact rhythms, processes, disease pathogenesis. There evidence support chrononutrition as form chronotherapy, such optimizing may serve actionable strategy improve health. This report summarizes key information from National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute's virtual workshop entitled “Chrononutrition: Elucidating Role Circadian Biology Meal Timing in Cardiometabolic Health,” which convened on May 2 3, 2023, review current literature identify critical knowledge gaps opportunities. speakers presented highlighting health earlier shorter windows more consistent day‐to‐day patterns. multidimensionality was common theme, it encompasses multiple facets along with other behaviors including sleep physical activity. Advancing field will require: (1) standardization terminology metrics; (2) scalable precise tools for real‐world settings; (3) consideration individual differences act effect modifiers; (4) deeper understanding social, behavioral, cultural influences. Ultimately, there great potential circadian‐based dietary interventions

Language: Английский

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The effect of time of eating on cardiometabolic risk in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(2)

Published: March 14, 2023

Continuous energy restriction is currently considered the first-line dietary therapy for weight loss in individuals with obesity. Recently, interventions which alter eating window and time of occasions have been explored as means to achieve other cardiometabolic improvements such a reduction blood pressure, glycaemia, lipids inflammation. It unknown, however, whether these changes result from unintentional or mechanisms alignment nutrient intake internal circadian clock. Even less known regarding safety efficacy established chronic noncommunicable disease states, cardiovascular disease. This review examines effects both on risk factors healthy participants those We then summarise state existing knowledge explore future directions study.

Language: Английский

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Circadian disruption and its impact on the cardiovascular system

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Timing of Meals and Sleep in the Mediterranean Population: The Effect of Taste, Genetics, Environmental Determinants, and Interactions on Obesity Phenotypes

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 708 - 708

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Circadian rhythms regulate the sleep–wake and feeding–fasting cycles. Sleep feeding constitute a complex cycle that is determined by several factors. Despite importance of sleep duration mealtimes for many obesity phenotypes, most studies on dietary patterns have not investigated contribution these variables to phenotypes analyzed. Likewise, they factors related or mealtimes. Thus, our aims were investigate link between taste perception eating/sleep analyze effect interactions sleep/meal genetic phenotypes. We conducted cross-sectional analysis 412 adults from Mediterranean population. measured (bitter, sweet, salty, sour, umami) assessed waketime. The midpoint social jetlag was computed. From self-reported timing meals, we estimated eating window, midpoint, jetlag. Adherence diet with validated score. Selected polymorphisms in TAS2R38, CLOCK, FTO genes determined, their associations relevant found various temporal eating, patterns, perception. A higher bitter associated an earlier (p = 0.001), breakfast time 0.043), dinner 0.009), waketime < 0.009). Similar results observed polymorphism TAS2R38-rs713598, instrumental variable perception, increasing causality associations. Moreover, significant gene–sleep detected TAS2R38-rs713598 0.032), FTO-rs9939609 0.037), CLOCK-rs4580704 0.004) which played role determining In conclusion, study provided more information mealtime general Spanish population than main relationships. able show specifically taste; time; as well interaction variants linked However, additional research needed better characterize mechanisms behind

Language: Английский

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The association between dietary meal intake habits and coronary artery stenosis and cardio-metabolic risk factors

BMC Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: June 14, 2024

Abstract Background and objective We are not aware of studies examining the association between dietary meal intake habits (DMIH) severity coronary artery stenosis (CAS). This study was conducted to investigate relationship DMIH CAS as well cardiometabolic risk factors in adults undergoing angiography. Methods cross-sectional done on 720 patients angiography (aged 35–75 years) who were admitted Afshar Hospital, a referral hospital for cardiovascular diseases Yazd, Iran. Data gathered by interview. Blood samples taken biochemical analysis. pressure, anthropometric indices, body composition also evaluated. The [examined based Gensini Score (GS) Syntax (SS)] assessed using logistic regression analysis covariance (ANCOVA), respectively, crude multivariable adjusted models. Results After adjustment all possible confounding variables, revealed that people ate 3 meals/day had lower severe compared 2 or fewer meals (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.88, P-trend 0.02). There an inverse number snacks /day 0.43, 0.22, 0.87, breakfast frequency/week both GS SS ( P < 0.05). Breakfast consumption, frequency, lunch snack more food consumption holidays associated with different markers measures Conclusion According results present study, frequency might be inversely factors.

Language: Английский

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Early Time-Restricted Eating Reduces Weight and Improves Glycemic Response in Young Adults: A Pre-Post Single-Arm Intervention Study

Obesity Facts, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 69 - 81

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Time-restricted eating (TRE) has cardiometabolic health benefits by optimizing circadian rhythms. However, limited data are available on the effect of early TRE in young adults. The objective this pre-post single-arm trial was to test body composition and risk factors evaluate changes meal sleep timing among adults with typically late bedtime.This 4-week intervention conducted healthy aged 18-39 years. Dietary records time logs were collected before during intervention, nutrient intake evaluated. Snack packages containing 20 g protein per day provided weekly. Body measured weekly using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Blood samples after parameters evaluated.Of 36 screened participants, 34 completed study (completion rate 94.4%). average age 23.4 ± 2.9 years 64.7% female. mean wake-up bedtime 09:16 01:26 01:51 01:39 duration 7.4 1.4 h. weight fat mass, excluding muscle significantly reduced over 4 weeks compared baseline only group starting noon. also showed fasting glucose, insulin, serum triglyceride (TG) levels weeks. noon no significant except a TG level. changed TRE, where first delayed last shifted. Neither nor TRE. Energy intakes not different, but increased from 19.2% 22.6% due snack intervention. correlation between found. There adverse events related participation.An regimen may be feasible effective strategy manage without altering sleep-wake cycle.

Language: Английский

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Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network: Summary of Findings and Network Outcomes

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(5)

Published: Feb. 23, 2021

The Go Red for Women movement was initiated by the American Heart Association (AHA) in early 2000s to raise awareness concerning cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk women. In 2016, AHA funded 5 research centers across United States advance our knowledge of risks and presentation CVD that are specific This report highlights findings centers, showing how insufficient sleep, sedentariness, pregnancy-related complications may increase women, as well factors associated with myocardial infarction nonobstructive coronary arteries heart failure preserved ejection fraction These projects were augmented collaborative ancillary studies assessing relationships between various lifestyle behaviors, including nightly fasting duration, mindfulness, behavioral anthropometric risk, metabolomic profiling Strategically Focused Research Network enhanced evidence base related promoting female-specific influence CVD.

Language: Английский

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Do Temporal Eating Patterns Differ in Healthy versus Unhealthy Overweight/Obese Individuals?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 4121 - 4121

Published: Nov. 17, 2021

This study examined whether the temporal patterns of energy and macronutrient intake in early late eating windows were associated with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) unhealthy (MUO) among non-shift workers. A total 299 overweight/obese workers (Age: 40.3 ± 6.9 years; 73.6% women; BMI: 31.7 5.0 kg/m2) recruited Klang Valley area Malaysia. The biochemical parameters determined from fasting blood samples, whereas information on dietary timing was obtained a 7-day diet history questionnaire. midpoint used to determine windows. Compared MHO (n = 173), MUO 126) had lower carbohydrates protein during window. In contrast, participants greater fat Participants metabolic status (regardless their chronotypes) similar characterized by smaller window compared healthier status. Overall, lowest percentile an increased risk MUO, after adjustment for potential confounders [odds ratio (OR) 4.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41–13.11]. window, (OR 2.38, CI 1.11–5.13) 2.33, 1.03–5.32) 4.45, 1.71–11.56). summary, consuming less earlier day more carbohydrate later MUO. Thus, prospective is needed explore role chrono-nutrition practices modifying factors delay transition

Language: Английский

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Development and Evaluation of Integrated Chrono-Nutrition Weight Reduction Program among Overweight/Obese with Morning and Evening Chronotypes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(8), P. 4469 - 4469

Published: April 7, 2022

This paper describes the development of an integrated chrono-nutrition weight reduction program and evaluation attendance, retention, satisfaction compliance towards components among morning evening chronotypes for overweight/obese non-shift workers. The present study was conducted in two phases: Phase I composed needs assessments on chronotypes’ dietary patterns through a scoping review integrating (temporal eating pattern, meal timing sleeping habits) alongside existing module, SLIMSHAPE™. II consisted feasibility to evaluate (SLIMSHAPE™ Chrono). A total 91 workers participated 12-week (Age: 39.6 ± 6.3 years; 74.7% women; BMI: 31.2 4.5 kg/m2). Low attrition rate recorded, with 85 participants (93.4%) completing pre- post-intervention assessments. Overall, had increased their % energy intake early window (MT: 64.8 vs. 67.2%, ET: 62.7 65.6%, Mean difference (MD): 2.8, 95%CI: 0.3, 5.1, p = 0.028) reduced late 35.2 32.8%, 37.3 34.4%, MD: −2.8, −5.1, −0.3, earlier midpoint 14:02 13:49; 14:27 14:18, −0.4, −0.02, 0.029) night syndrome score 10.0 8.9; 10.7 8.9, −1.5, −2.5, −0.5, 0.004). There no significant change first 08:12 08:04, 08:24 08:22, −0.1, −0.2, 0.03, 0.170) last mealtime 19:52 19:33, 20:29 20:14, −0.6, −0.04, 0.081), duration 11.7 11.5 h, 12.1 11.9 0.2, 0.251) elapse time between sleep onset 3.1 3.5 3.2 0.1, 0.4, 0.678). In terms sleep, (MD: 0.8 95% CI: 1.2, < 0.001) social jetlag 19 min, 1.7, 36.3, 0.031) compared chronotypes. improved temporal pattern intake, timing, habits post-intervention. practice could be potentially modifiable behavior as adjunct strategy management.

Language: Английский

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Walking or body weight squat “activity snacks” increase dietary amino acid utilization for myofibrillar protein synthesis during prolonged sitting

Journal of Applied Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 133(3), P. 777 - 785

Published: Aug. 11, 2022

Interrupting prolonged sitting with intermittent exercise enhances postprandial glycemic control but has unknown effects on sensitizing skeletal muscle to dietary amino acids. We hypothesized that brief walking or body weight squats would enhance the utilization of phenylalanine for myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) during sitting. Participants (7 males and 5 females; ∼23 yr; ∼25.1 kg/m2; ∼7,300 steps/day) completed three 7.5-h trials consisting (SIT) (every 30 min) (WALK) squatting (SQUAT). Two mixed-macronutrient meals (∼55:30:15% carbohydrate:fat:protein), enriched l-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine l-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine, were provided mimic breakfast lunch. Tracer incorporation into was determined from vastus lateralis MyoPS estimated using plasma enrichment as precursor surrogate. Phosphorylation candidate anabolic signaling proteins by immunoblotting. There no difference between conditions (P ≥ 0.78) in time course area under curve enrichment. greater < 0.05, weighted planned comparison) SQUAT (0.103 ± 0.030%/h) WALK (0.118 0.037%/h) compared SIT (0.080 0.032%/h). When SIT, there moderate-to-large effect sizes, respectively, [effect size (ES) = 0.75; 95% CI -0.10-1.55] (ES 1.10; 0.20-1.91). Fold change rpS6Ser240/244 phosphorylation (7.6 2.7 vs. 1.6 0.45-fold, P 0.05) 0.21) any other targets measured (4E-BP1Thr37/46, eEF2Thr56, mTORSer2448, ERK1/2Thr202/Tyr204). short "activity snacks" improves acids MyoPS. The long-term impact this practical lifestyle modification mass quality should be investigated.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Prolonged can impair glycemia, lipidemia, insulin sensitivity regardless previous health status. demonstrate interrupting periods activity, such bouts walking, efficiency acid utilizations contractile synthesis. This further emphasizes importance minimizing sedentary improve metabolism all macronutrients.

Language: Английский

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