The effect of macronutrient and micronutrient supplements on COVID-19: an umbrella review

Journal of Health Population and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(1)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract Background and aims A healthy diet play an important role in the prevention even treatment of various diseases. Proper nutrition plays boosting immune system. These include consumption macronutrients such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, also micronutrients including vitamins. Here, we aimed to systematically review effects on COVID-19. Methods We searched databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web Science December 23, 2023. The records were downloaded into EndNote file, duplicates removed, studies underwent a two-phase screening process based their title/abstracts full texts. included articles screened inclusion exclusion criteria. English systematic reviews meta-analyses that concurred with aim our study. selected assessed by Cochrane's Risk Bias Systematic Reviews for quality check. data eligible extracted pre-designed word table used qualitative synthesis. Results total 28 this Most have shown are effective morbidity mortality controlling viral respiratory infections COVID-19 but some sometimes not severity. On other hand, calcifediol was far most successful agent reducing intensive care needs between studies. Conclusion Individuals without malnutrition had reduced risk SARS-CoV-2 infection severe disease. administration Vitamin D is patients. Patients vitamin deficiency more prone experience infection, they at higher morbidities mortality. Other A, B, Zinc showed benefits patients C no efficacy management intravenous form or high doses.

Language: Английский

---

COVID-19 and diet: efforts towards a balanced diet and sustainable nutrition among university students in Pakistan

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. e16730 - e16730

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Nutrition is an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle for all individuals, including adolescents. The objective this cross-sectional descriptive survey study was to investigate university students’ awareness immunity enhancing foods, food nutritive values, and eating practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total 839 students from four different universities in Pakistan participated October 2021 January 2022, 397 which were male 442 female. 419 studying medical disciplines while 420 non-medical students. had significant knowledge ( p < 0.05) about COVID-19, nutritional habits seen both Results showed that (n-201) slightly more aware immunity-enhancing foods values compared engineering (n-79). However, generally poorly adopted by Male female not significantly their mean replies questions on value or habits. Healthy will aid preventing illnesses connected nutrition as well immune systems well-being post-pandemic. In light these results, suggestions implications advice education explored.

Language: Английский

---

Changes in Dietary Patterns and Clinical Health Outcomes in Different Countries during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 3612 - 3612

Published: Oct. 15, 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to an excess in community mortality across the globe. We review recent evidence on clinical pathology of COVID-19, comorbidity factors, immune response SARS-CoV-2 infection, and factors influencing infection outcomes. The latter specifically includes diet lifestyle during pandemic restrictions. also cover possibility transmission through food products chain, as well virus persistence different surfaces environmental conditions, which were major public concerns initial days pandemic, but have since waned attention. discuss useful measures avoid risk spread food, approaches that may reduce contamination with highly contagious virus. While hygienic protocols are required supply sectors, cleaning, disinfection, avoidance cross-contamination categories, foodstuffs at stages manufacturing process still particularly relevant because persists length inert materials such packaging. Moreover, personal hygiene (frequent washing disinfection), wearing gloves, proper use masks, clothes, footwear dedicated maintaining hygiene, provide on-site protections for sector employees chain intermediates consumers. Finally, we emphasize importance following a healthy promotes physical well-being supports system function, especially when government movement restrictions ("lockdowns") implemented.

Language: Английский

---

Can Selenium Reduce the Susceptibility and Severity of SARS-CoV-2?—A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(9), P. 4809 - 4809

Published: April 27, 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 infection is a highly contagious viral infection, which has claimed millions of lives in the last two years. can cause acute respiratory distress, myocarditis, and systemic inflammatory response severe cases. interaction spike protein with angiotensin-converting enzyme various tissues causes damage to vital organs tissues, leading complications post-infection period. Vaccines antiviral drugs have improved patient but long-term effect on still unknown. Investigations are now focused supportive nutrient therapies, mitigate susceptibility as well COVID-19. Selenium one such micronutrient that plays role preventing oxidative stress induced by virus. Further, selenium important for effective immune response, controlling inflammation, maintain overall health humans. We examine aspects address importance supplementation reducing severity this review.

Language: Английский

---

Neutrophil heterogeneity and aging: implications for COVID-19 and wound healing

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

Neutrophils play a critical role in the immune response to infection and tissue injury. However, recent studies have shown that neutrophils are heterogeneous population with distinct subtypes differ their functional properties. Moreover, aging can alter neutrophil function exacerbate dysregulation. In this review, we discuss concept of heterogeneity how it may be affected by aging. We then examine implications for COVID-19 pathogenesis wound healing. Specifically, summarize evidence involvement potential mechanisms underlying recruitment activation disease. also review literature on healing process impact outcomes. Finally, neutrophil-targeted therapies improve clinical outcomes

Language: Английский

---

A Global Overview of Missed Nursing Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Western Journal of Nursing Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed unparalleled pressure on many countries’ healthcare systems, impacting the delivery of health and nursing care services. Despite growing number missed studies during pandemic, a broader perspective is essential when designing theory-driven strategies to improve delivery. This review aimed synthesize evidence COVID-19 in acute settings through systematic narrative synthesis. An electronic search articles published since emergence was conducted using 5 databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO). A total 470 were identified initial search, 10 included review. sample sizes ranged from 37 536 nurses. Results content analysis grouped into categories: (1) prevalence care, (2) frequency (3) reasons for (4) nurses’ organizational variables contributing (5) work environment elements care. review’s findings revealed shift nature with an emphasis tasks vital recovery patients COVID-19. unique circumstances brought about by inadequate workforce continued be as primary reason consistent pre-pandemic period.

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Immunobiotics and Postbiotics in the Recovery of Immune Cell Populations From Respiratory Mucosa of Malnourished Hosts: Effect on the Resistance Against Respiratory Infections

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Aug. 12, 2021

Malnutrition is associated with a state of secondary immunodeficiency, which characterized by worsening the immune response against infectious agents. Despite important advances in vaccines and antibiotic therapies, respiratory infections are among leading causes increased morbidity mortality, especially immunosuppressed hosts. In this review, we examine interactions between immunobiotics-postbiotics cell populations mucosa. addition, discuss how cross talk affects maintenance normal generation cells, that crucial for establishment protective innate adaptive responses. Particular attention will be given to alterations development phagocytic T B lymphocytes bone marrow, spleen thymus immunosuppression protein deprivation. Furthermore, describe our research demonstrated effectiveness immunobiotics nasal administration accelerating recovery malnourished Finally, propose peptidoglycan from immunobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 as key cellular component effects on mucosal immunity, unique cannot extrapolated other L. or probiotic strains. way, provide scientific bases its application adjuvant health plans, mainly aimed improve immunocompromised The search safe vaccine adjuvants increase their at level problem great relevance today.

Language: Английский

---

Is BMI Associated with COVID-19 Severity? A Retrospective Observational Study

Current Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(39), P. 4466 - 4478

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) is an infection with high morbidity and mortality. Obesity low body mass index (BMI) have both been linked to severe COVID-19, but recent studies failed confirm these associations.The aim of this study was examine the relationship between BMI progression in hospitalised patients COVID-19.We performed a monocentric, retrospective observational at Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli Rome. We enrolled 1544 (977 men) who presented emergency department positive COVID-19 test January December 2021. divided into five classes based on BMI. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological data were collected for all patients.Of patients, 1297 recovered after hospitalization, whereas 247 (16%) died. Of those died, 16/247 (6.5%) had below18.5 kg/m2, 72/247 (29%) 18.5 24.99 103/247 (42%) 25 29.99 36/247 (15%) 30 35 20/247 (8%) above kg/m2. After adjusting results age, sex, concomitant diseases using multivariate logistic regression, we found significantly increased risk intensive care unit (ICU) admission severely obese (BMI > 35) compared normal weight (BMI: 18.5-24.99) (p 0.001). Mortality not associated BMI.We that obesity factor ICU COVID-19. No association

Language: Английский

---

Inadequate energy and protein intake, underweight and malnutrition are associated with in‐hospital mortality among COVID‐19 rehabilitation patients during the omicron outbreak in Hong Kong

Aging Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 204 - 210

Published: Aug. 23, 2022

Abstract Objective Malnourished COVID‐19 patients were prone to higher mortality and longer length of stay (LOS). This study aims investigate the malnutrition risk prevalence in how other nutritional indicators are related clinical outcomes a rehabilitation hospital. Methods A retrospective cross‐sectional involved 174 during phase. Malnutrition risk, indicators, mortality, LOS compared among different groups. Albumin, nutrition intake, body mass index (BMI) investigated for their effects on outcomes. Results The was 94.9%; those older risk. BMI, energy protein intakes decreased as increased. lower death group. high group severely underweight had 2.7 times 2.2 in‐hospital death, respectively. For subjects ≥75 years old, odds ratio 6.2 <75 old. Conclusion We observed 94.9% patients. Patients with chance death. These results reinforced importance management

Language: Английский

---

Social Capital Promotes a Healthier Diet among Young Adults by Reducing Psychological Distress

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 5187 - 5187

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

Studies have revealed the links between social capital and diet. However, mediating role of psychological distress in this relationship has been understudied. This study aims to identify direct indirect relationships adherence Mediterranean diet among Lithuanian young adults relationship. Data were collected from 1336 adults, aged 18–36 years; 40.5% males. MEDAS was used measure a healthy Social measured by eight separate items terms family support, cohesion, trust, communication, collaboration, participation, distant communication. Kessler’s six-item scale assess distress. Higher support (β = 0.105), higher participation 0.294), lower 0.073) directly predicted indirectly related diet, with standardized effect sizes 0.02–0.04, indicating small sizes. Thus, mediates Given that is health both predicts behavior further longitudinal experimental research required effects intervention on incorporating, facilitating, encouraging, implementing measures strengthen connection people groups within community, neighborhood, organizations.

Language: Английский

---