Autocrine vitamin D signaling switches off pro-inflammatory programs of TH1 cells

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 62 - 74

Published: Nov. 11, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Vitamin D supplementation and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 53 - 68

Published: June 24, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Small molecules in the treatment of COVID-19

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Abstract The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a global crisis, and brought severe disruptions to societies economies. Until now, effective therapeutics against are in high demand. Along with our improved understanding the structure, function, pathogenic process SARS-CoV-2, many small molecules potential anti-COVID-19 effects have been developed. So far, several antiviral strategies were explored. Besides directly inhibition viral proteins such as RdRp M pro , interference host enzymes including ACE2 proteases, blocking relevant immunoregulatory pathways represented by JAK/STAT, BTK, NF-κB, NLRP3 pathways, regarded feasible drug development. development treat achieved strategies, computer-aided lead compound design screening, natural product discovery, repurposing, combination therapy. Several representative remdesivir paxlovid proved or authorized emergency use countries. And candidates entered clinical-trial stage. Nevertheless, due epidemiological features variability issues it is necessary continue exploring novel COVID-19. This review discusses current findings for treatment. Moreover, their detailed mechanism action, chemical structures, preclinical clinical efficacies discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19 Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2134 - 2134

Published: May 20, 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has rapidly expanded to a global pandemic; however, our knowledge is limited with regards the protective factors against this infection. aim of systematic literature review and meta-analysis was evaluate impact vitamin D supplementation on related outcomes. A search relevant papers published until January 2022 conducted identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) non-randomized studies intervention (NRISs). primary outcomes included risk infection (primary prevention uninfected individuals), hospital admission (secondary mild cases), ICU mortality rate (tertiary hospitalized patients). We identified five (one RCT, four NRISs) prevention, (two RCTs, three secondary 13 (six seven tertiary prevention. Pooled analysis showed no significant effect No possible hospitalization due paucity data. Vitamin significantly associated reduced (RR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.62) 0.46, 0.30, 0.70). had infection, whereas it effects in patients.

Language: Английский

---

High-dose versus standard-dose vitamin D supplementation in older adults with COVID-19 (COVIT-TRIAL): A multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled superiority trial

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. e1003999 - e1003999

Published: May 31, 2022

Background Vitamin D supplementation has been proposed as a treatment for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on experimental data and from small uncontrolled observational studies. The COvid19 VITamin d TRIAL (COVIT-TRIAL) study was conducted to test whether single oral high dose of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) administered within 72 hours after the diagnosis COVID-19 improves, compared standard-dose cholecalciferol, 14-day overall survival among at-risk older adults infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods findings This multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label, superiority trial involved collaboration 9 medical centers in France. Patients admitted hospital units or living nursing homes adjacent investigator were eligible if they ≥65 years, had SARS-CoV-2 infection less than 3 days, at least 1 worsening risk factor (among age ≥75 SpO2 ≤94%, PaO /FiO ≤300 mm Hg). Main noninclusion criteria organ failure requiring ICU, ≤92% despite 5 L/min oxygen, life expectancy <3 months, vitamin >800 IU/day during preceding month, contraindications supplements. Eligible consenting patients randomly allocated either high-dose (400,000 IU) (50,000 under supervision COVID-19. Participants local staff not masked treatment, but Steering Committee Data Safety Monitoring Board randomization group outcome trial. primary mortality. Between April 15 December 17, 2020, 1,207 who assessed eligibility COVIT-TRIAL study, 254 met formed intention-to-treat population. median 88 (IQR, 82 92) 148 (58%) women. Overall, 8 (6%) 127 14 (11%) died days (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.39 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16 0.99], P 0.049, controlling strata [i.e., age, oxygen requirement, hospitalization, use antibiotics, anti-infective drugs, and/or corticosteroids] baseline imbalances important prognostic factors sex, ongoing cancers, profuse diarrhea, delirium baseline]). number needed treat one person benefit (NNTB) 21 [NNTB ∞ harm (NNTH) 46]. Apparent benefits also found mortality due (7 deaths group; adjusted 0.33 CI, 0.12 0.86], 0.02). protective effect administration sustained 28 (19 (15%) (17%) 0.70 0.36 1.36], 0.29). High-dose did result more frequent adverse effects standard dose. open-label design limited power are main limitations study. Conclusions In this randomized controlled (RCT), we observed that early versus D3 improved day 14. no longer days. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04344041 .

Language: Английский

---

Dietary Recommendations for Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1305 - 1305

Published: March 20, 2022

At the beginning of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, global efforts focused on containing spread virus and avoiding contagion. Currently, it is evident that health professionals should deal with overall status COVID-19 survivors. Indeed, novel findings have identified post-COVID-19 syndrome, which characterized by malnutrition, loss fat-free mass, low-grade inflammation. In addition, recovery might be complicated persistent functional impairment (i.e., fatigue muscle weakness, dysphagia, appetite loss, taste/smell alterations) as well psychological distress. Therefore, appropriate evaluation nutritional (assessment dietary intake, anthropometrics, body composition) one pillars in management these patients. On other hand, personalized recommendations represent best strategy to ensure recovery. this review aimed collect available evidence role nutrients their supplementation syndrome provide a practical guideline nutritionists tailor interventions for patients recovering from infections.

Language: Английский

---

Role of vitamin D supplementation in the management of musculoskeletal diseases: update from an European Society of Clinical and Economical Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) working group

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 2603 - 2623

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

Abstract Vitamin D is a key component for optimal growth and calcium–phosphate homeostasis. Skin photosynthesis the main source of vitamin D. Limited sun exposure insufficient dietary supply justify supplementation in certain age groups. In older adults, recommended doses vary between 200 2000 IU/day, to achieve goal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin (calcifediol) at least 50 nmol/L. The target level depends on population being supplemented, assessed system, outcome. Several recent large randomized trials with oral regimens varying 100,000 IU/month mostly conducted D-replete healthy individuals have failed detect any efficacy these approaches prevention fracture falls. Considering well-recognized major musculoskeletal disorders associated severe deficiency taking into account possible biphasic effects fall risks, an European Society Clinical Economic Aspects Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) working group convened, carefully reviewed, analyzed meta-analyses controlled risk, falls or osteoarthritis, came conclusion that 1000 IU daily should be patients increased risk deficiency. also addressed identification possibly benefitting from loading dose early therapeutic calcifediol administration.

Language: Английский

---

Protective Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19-Related Intensive Care Hospitalization and Mortality: Definitive Evidence from Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 130 - 130

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the world’s most important challenges for global public healthcare. Various studies have found an association between severe vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19-related outcomes. Vitamin plays a crucial role in immune function inflammation. Recent data suggested protective health purpose this meta-analysis trial sequential analysis (TSA) was to better explain strength supplementation risk mortality admission intensive care units (ICUs) patients with COVID-19. Methods: We searched four databases on 20 September 2022. Two reviewers screened randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessed bias, independently duplicate. pre-specified outcomes interest were ICU admission. Results: identified 78 bibliographic citations. After reviewers’ screening, only five RCTs be suitable our analysis. performed meta-analyses then TSAs. administration results decreased death (standardized mean difference (95% CI): 0.49 (0.34–0.72) 0.28 (0.20–0.39), respectively). TSA showed that, since pooling reached definite sample size, positive is conclusive. that z-curve inside alpha boundaries, indicating need further studies. Discussion: respective TSAs suggest definitive hospitalization.

Language: Английский

---

Treatment With 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (Calcifediol) Is Associated With a Reduction in the Blood Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Marker of Disease Severity in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: A Pilot Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial

Endocrine Practice, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(12), P. 1242 - 1251

Published: Oct. 14, 2021

Language: Английский

---

A Narrative Review of the Evidence for Variations in Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration Thresholds for Optimal Health

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 639 - 639

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

Vitamin D

Language: Английский

---