Sarcopenic Dysphagia, Malnutrition, and Oral Frailty in Elderly: A Comprehensive Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 982 - 982

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Frailty is a highly prevalent condition in the elderly that has been increasingly considered as crucial public health issue, due to strict correlation with higher risk of fragility fractures, hospitalization, and mortality. Among age-related diseases, sarcopenia dysphagia are two common pathological conditions frail older people could coexist leading dehydration malnutrition these subjects. "Sarcopenic dysphagia" complex characterized by deglutition impairment loss mass strength swallowing muscles might be also related poor oral status. Moreover, aging process strictly status direct immune system wound healing physical cognitive indirectly influence people's ability carry out adequate hygiene. Therefore, affect nutrient intake, and, consequently, frailty. In this scenario, sarcopenia, dysphagia, closely linked sharing pathophysiological pathways, disabling sequelae, Thus, aim present comprehensive review describe among sarcopenic malnutrition, frailty, characterizing their phenotypically overlapping features, propose effective management

Language: Английский

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Malnutrition in Hospitalized Old Patients: Screening and Diagnosis, Clinical Outcomes, and Management

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 910 - 910

Published: Feb. 21, 2022

Malnutrition in hospitalized patients heavily affects several clinical outcomes. The prevalence of malnutrition increases with age, comorbidities, and intensity care up to 90% old populations. However, frequently remains underdiagnosed undertreated the hospital. Thus, an accurate screening identify at risk or malnourishment is determinant elaborate a personal nutritional intervention. Several definitions were proposed last years, affecting real frequency disorders timing Diagnosis needs complete assessment, which often challenging perform during hospital stay. For this purpose, various tools proposed, allowing be stratified according malnutrition. present review aims summarize actual evidence terms diagnosis, association outcomes, management setting.

Language: Английский

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Microgreens—A Comprehensive Review of Bioactive Molecules and Health Benefits

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 867 - 867

Published: Jan. 15, 2023

Microgreens, a hypothesized term used for the emerging food product that is developed from various commercial crops, such as vegetables, grains, and herbs, consist of cotyledons along with partially expanded true leaves. These immature plants are harvested between 7–21 days (depending on variety). They treasured their densely packed nutrients, concentrated flavors, immaculate tender texture well vibrant colors. In recent years, microgreens demand high-end restaurant chefs nutritional researchers due to potent appealing sensory qualities, functionality, abundance in vitamins, minerals, other bioactive compounds, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, carotenoids, folate, tocotrienols, phylloquinones, anthocyanins, glucosinolates, etc. qualities attracted research attention use field human health nutrition. Increasing public concern regarding has prompted humans turn which show potential prevention malnutrition, inflammation, chronic ailments. This article focuses applications non-communicable diseases prevails current generation, emerged sedentary lifestyles, thus laying theoretical foundation people creating awareness switch recently introduced category vegetable providing great value development health-promoting diets microgreens.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional status and the risk of malnutrition in older adults with chronic kidney disease – implications for low protein intake and nutritional care: A critical review endorsed by ERN-ERA and ESPEN

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(4), P. 443 - 457

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Language: Английский

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Sex Differences in Inflammation and Muscle Wasting in Aging and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 4651 - 4651

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

Only in recent years, thanks to a precision medicine-based approach, have treatments tailored the sex of each patient emerged clinical trials. In this regard, both striated muscle tissues present significant differences between two sexes, which may important consequences for diagnosis and therapy aging chronic illness. fact, preservation mass disease conditions correlates with survival; however, should be considered when protocols maintenance are designed. One obvious difference is that men more than women. Moreover, sexes differ inflammation parameters, particularly response infection disease. Therefore, unsurprisingly, women respond differently therapies. review, we an up-to-date overview on what known about skeletal physiology disfunction, such as disuse atrophy, age-related sarcopenia, cachexia. addition, summarize underly aforementioned because pro-inflammatory cytokines deeply affect homeostasis. The comparison these three their sex-related bases interesting different forms atrophy share common mechanisms; instance, those responsible protein dismantling similar although differing terms kinetics, severity, regulatory mechanisms. pre-clinical research, exploring sexual dimorphism could highlight new efficacious or recommend implementation existing one. Any protective factors discovered one exploited achieve lower morbidity, reduce severity disease, avoid mortality opposite sex. Thus, understanding sex-dependent responses pivotal importance design innovative, tailored, efficient interventions.

Language: Английский

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The Vicious Cycle of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Skeletal Muscle Atrophy: Clinical, Biochemical, and Nutritional Bases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 172 - 172

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Today, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and skeletal muscle atrophy (SMA) have become increasingly common occurrences. Whether the onset of T2DM increases risk SMA or vice versa has long been under investigation. Both conditions are associated with negative changes in health, which can, turn, lead to impaired physical function, a lowered quality life, an increased mortality. Poor nutrition can exacerbate both SMA. linked by vicious cycle events that reinforce worsen each other. Muscle insulin resistance appears be pathophysiological link between To explore this association, our review (i) compiles evidence on clinical association SMA, (ii) reviews mechanisms underlying biochemical muscles people at (iii) examines how nutritional therapy activity as muscle-targeted treatments benefit population. Based evidence, we conclude effective treatment patients T2DM-SMA depends restoration maintenance mass. We thus propose regular intake key functional nutrients, along guidance for activity, help maintain euglycemia improve status all

Language: Английский

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Seniors and Sustenance: A Scoping Review on Food Security in the Elderly

Advances in Human Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Abstract The issue of food security amongst older people is a growing concern, as ageing populations face unique challenges that impact their access to adequate nutrition. This scoping review aims explore and synthesise existing literature on in later life, identifying key factors contributing insecurity seniors highlighting interventions can enhance access. By employing systematic approach based Arksey O’Malley’s framework, this study examines research from multiple databases, focussing studies published the past decade. findings reveal multifaceted problem influenced by socio-economic status, health limitations, social isolation geographic barriers. Elderly individuals often encounter mobility issues hinder ability procure food, while fixed incomes rising costs exacerbate nutritious options. In addition, identifies successful community-based programmes policy initiatives have shown promise addressing these challenges, emphasising importance tailored consider specific needs people. analysis highlights significant gaps current literature, particularly areas culturally sensitive long-term effects mental health. Furthermore, role technology mitigating presents promising yet underexplored avenue for future research. underscores critical need comprehensive strategies integrating policy, community support technological innovations effectively combat seniors. issues, stakeholders improve overall quality life outcomes elderly population, ensuring nutritional are met sustainably.

Language: Английский

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The Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction as Driving Factor of Inflammaging

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 949 - 949

Published: Feb. 23, 2022

The intestinal barrier, composed of the luminal microbiota, mucus layer, and physical barrier consisting epithelial cells immune cells, latter residing underneath within plays a special role in health disease. While there is growing knowledge on changes to different layers associated with disease development, function also an important during aging. Besides composition cellular junctions, entire gastrointestinal physiology contributes essential age-related changes. This reflected by substantial differences microbial throughout life span. Even though it remains difficult define physiological distinguish them from early signs pathologies, studies centenarians provide insights into features longevity. reviewed this narrative review article might contribute definition strategies prevent development diseases elderly. Thus, targeted interventions improve overall will be prevention for healthy aging future.

Language: Английский

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Role of phase angle in older adults with focus on the geriatric syndromes sarcopenia and frailty

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 429 - 437

Published: Dec. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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The intestinal immune system and gut barrier function in obesity and ageing

FEBS Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 290(17), P. 4163 - 4186

Published: June 21, 2022

Obesity and ageing predispose to numerous, yet overlapping chronic diseases. For example, metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance (IR) type 2 diabetes (T2D) are important causes of morbidity mortality. Low‐grade inflammation tissues, such as the liver, visceral adipose tissue neurological is considered a significant contributor these Thus, it becoming increasingly understand what drives this in affected tissues. Recent evidence, especially context obesity, suggests that intestine plays an role gatekeeper inflammatory stimuli ultimately fuels low‐grade inflammation. In addition diseases, abnormalities intestinal mucosal barrier have been linked range other conditions, neurodegeneration ageing. The flow from gut part controlled by local immunological inputs impacting barrier. Here, we will review impact obesity on immune system its downstream consequences function, which strongly implicated pathogenesis age‐related particular, discuss effects dysfunction neurodegenerative

Language: Английский

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