The Physical Activity and Cancer Control (PACC) framework: update on the evidence, guidelines, and future research priorities

British Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(6), P. 957 - 969

Published: June 27, 2024

We proposed the Physical Activity and Cancer Control (PACC) framework in 2007 to help organise, focus, stimulate research on physical activity eight cancer control categories: prevention, detection, treatment preparation/coping, coping/effectiveness, recovery/rehabilitation, disease prevention/health promotion, palliation, survival. This perspective paper provides a high-level overview of scientific advances across categories, summarises current guidelines, updates PACC framework, identifies remaining emerging knowledge gaps, future directions. Many have been made that are reflected updated guidelines for six categories apart from detection palliation. Nevertheless, minimal optimal type, dose, timing remain unknown, especially understudied population subgroups defined by age, race/ethnicity, resource level regions/countries. To achieve full benefit control, should use innovative study designs include diverse at-risk populations sites. Additionally, effective behaviour change strategies needed increase levels implementation science accelerate translation evidence generation into practical, real-world interventions.

Language: Английский

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What are the most effective exercise, physical activity and dietary interventions to improve body composition in women diagnosed with or at high‐risk of breast cancer? A systematic review and network meta‐analysis

Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 129(23), P. 3697 - 3712

Published: Oct. 3, 2023

Abstract Background Obesity has been recognized as a risk factor in the development and recurrence of breast cancer is also associated with poor prognostic outcomes. This systematic review network meta‐analysis aimed to identify most effective exercise, physical activity, dietary interventions reduce fat mass, body percentage weight well potentially increase lean mass women diagnosed or at high cancer. Methods A search databases was performed up May 2022. Eligible randomized controlled trials examined effects activity and/or on random‐effects conducted determine different across outcomes when sufficient studies were available. Results Eighty‐four ( n = 6428) included this review. Caloric restriction combined exercise + caloric significantly reduced (range, –3.9 –3.7 kg) –5.3 –4.7 kg), whereas (–2.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], –3.4% –13%) index (–2.2 kg × m –2 ; CI, –3.0 –1.4 ) patients. Resistance intervention (0.7 kg; 0.5–1.0 Conclusion Multimodal diet programs percentage, preserve mass.

Language: Английский

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Survivorship concerns among individuals diagnosed with metastatic cancer: Findings from the Cancer Experience Registry

Journal of Cancer Survivorship, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of exercise on cancer: mechanistic perspectives and new insights

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

This review critically evaluates the substantial role of exercise in enhancing cancer prevention, treatment, and patient quality life. It conclusively demonstrates that regular physical activity not only reduces risk but also significantly mitigates side effects therapies. The key findings include notable improvements fatigue management, reduction cachexia symptoms, enhancement cognitive functions. Importantly, elucidates profound impact on tumor behavior, modulation immune responses, optimization metabolic pathways, advocating for integration into standard oncological care protocols. refined abstract encourages further exploration application as a pivotal element management.

Language: Английский

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Exercise and Nutrition Interventions for Prehabilitation in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Cancers: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(24), P. 5044 - 5044

Published: Dec. 8, 2023

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers constitute over 25% of global cancer cases annually, with hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) presenting particularly poor prognosis and challenging surgical treatments. While advancements in clinical care have improved post-operative outcomes time, surgery for HPB remains associated high morbidity mortality rates. Patients are often older, diagnosed at later stages, a higher prevalence co-morbid conditions, leading to reduced life expectancy, suboptimal recovery, increased recurrence risk. Exercise nutrition interventions emerged as safe non-pharmacological strategies enhance among survivors, but their potential the pre-operative period patients underexplored. This narrative review evaluates existing evidence on exercise nutritional during prehabilitation populations, focusing clinically relevant related frailty malnutrition. We conducted literature search PubMed Google Scholar databases identify studies utilizing intervention populations components. The currently available suggests that incorporating into programs offers critical opportunity outcomes, mitigate risk comorbidities, support overall survivorship populations. underscores need further research optimize timing, duration, components programs, emphasizing patient-centered, multidisciplinary approaches this evolving field.

Language: Английский

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ДІАГНОСТИКА НУТРИТИВНОЇ НЕДОСТАТНОСТІ В ОНКОЛОГІЧНИХ ХВОРИХ

Actual Problems of Nephrology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34-35, P. 33 - 41

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Вступ. Рак – це катаболічне запальне захворювання, яке призводить до того, що па- цієнти часто відчувають втрату ваги або навіть кахексію у важких випадках. Нутри- тивна недостатність (НН) є важливим ускладненням раку. Пацієнти мають високий ризик недоїдання через саму хворобу та застосовувані методи лікування. Недостатнє споживання їжі розлади харчової поведінки можуть виникнути з багатьох при- чин: сухість роті, кишкова непрохідність, мальабсорбція, запор, діарея, блювота, зниження перистальтики кишечника, хемосенсорні зміни побічна дія ліків. Мета. Виділити групи онкологічних пацієнтів, які виникнення нутритивної недостатності обґрунтувати необхідність корекції харчування. Матеріали і методи. Проведено літературний пошук проаналізовано відповідні статті. Відносно недавні роботи, а також великі серії роботи експертних цен- трів включені списку літератури. Результати їх обговорення. НН провісником тривалості життя, оскільки, за оцінками, вона причиною смерті 20% хворих на рак. Рання оцінка харчування дієтичне втручання знизити смертність захворюваність пацієнтів раком. Скринінг дозволяє ранньо виявити недоїдання, відповідна може призвести сприятливих результатів стані якості життя. В даний час не існує єдиного стандартного методу оцінки при Отже, єди- ною надійною стратегією для отримання правдивої картини стану паці- єнта комплексний аналіз усіх аспектів пацієнта. Оцінка включає антропометричні вимірювання оцінку білка в організмі, жиру маркерів запалення імунних маркерів. Ретельне клінічне обстеження, врахо- вує історію хвороби фізичні ознаки, схеми пацієнта, важливими компонентами Ранній скринінг має першочергове значення швидкого виявлення потребують критич- ного втручання, спробі забезпечити найкращу допомогу хворим рак затримати погіршення. Висновок. Розуміння масштабу проблеми яких групах найбільша потреба, життєво кроком розпізнавання лікування онкологічної Всі онкологічні пацієнти повинні проходити регулярний щодо ризику недостатності.

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Synergy of Body Composition, Exercise Oncology, and Pharmacokinetics: A Narrative Review of Personalizing Paclitaxel Treatment for Breast Cancer

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1271 - 1271

Published: April 9, 2025

Background/Objectives: Paclitaxel is a type of small molecule chemotherapy widely used for breast cancer, but its clinical efficacy often hindered by dose-limiting toxicities such as chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and neutropenia. Traditional dosing based on body surface area does not account variations in composition, which may influence paclitaxel metabolism, toxicity, treatment outcomes. This review explores the interplay between physical activity, pharmacokinetics, emphasizing potential personalized strategies. Methods: A comprehensive narrative was conducted analyzing literature chemotherapy-related toxicities, exercise oncology. Studies examining role skeletal muscle mass, adipose tissue, activity modulating metabolism side effects were included. Results: Evidence suggests that patients with low mass are at higher risk paclitaxel-induced due to altered drug distribution clearance. Sarcopenic obesity, characterized high-fat levels, further exacerbates these risks. Exercise, particularly resistance aerobic training, has been shown improve mitigate enhance tolerance. However, precise mechanisms influences pharmacokinetics remain underexplored. Conclusions: Personalized dosing, considering composition optimize Future research should focus integrating interventions into oncology care refining models interindividual differences metabolism. These advancements could while minimizing cancer patients.

Language: Английский

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Integrative Oncology Approaches to Supporting Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment of Solid Tumours

Current Oncology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 164 - 174

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review The goal this review was to examine the role and practical applications integrative oncology strategies in supporting immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment adult solid tumours. Recent Findings Beyond tumour-intrinsic factors, several patient-associated factors affect ICI response, including germline genetics, systemic inflammation, gut microbiota, diet. Current promising supportive interventions include a Mediterranean-style diet with over 20 g fibre, regular exercise, use live biotherapeutics, minimisation PPI antibiotic use, ensuring vitamin D repletion, many other approaches under study. Caution around medical cannabis patients on ICIs is advised due previously documented adverse impact overall survival, while VAE ( Viscum album extract) therapy studies have not highlighted any safety concerns so far. Summary With expanding it important investigate apply low-cost support better outcomes minimise events. Further research may lead pre-treatment assessment both tumour biomarkers personalised multimodal prehabilitation care plans, as well on-treatment targeted nutrition, physical activity, supplementation regimes, inflammation microbiome modulating strategies. Given emerging understanding chronic stress outcomes, mind-body require further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Piloting HealthScore: Feasibility and acceptability of a clinically integrated health coaching program for people living with cancer

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 8804 - 8814

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Abstract Background Cancer supportive care interventions often have limited generalizability, goal misalignment, and high costs. We developed piloted a health coaching intervention, UNC HealthScore, in patients undergoing cancer treatment ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04923997). present feasibility, acceptability, preliminary outcome data. Methods HealthScore is six‐month, theory‐based, multicomponent intervention delivered through participant‐driven sessions. For the pilot study, participants were provided Fitbit, responded to weekly symptom physical function digital surveys, met with coach develop monitor goals. Coaching notes discussed interdisciplinary team meetings back treating oncology team. Symptom alerts monitored triaged study resource nurse relevant services. Feasibility was determined based on enrollment completion. Acceptability satisfaction Fitbit‐wearing informed by semistructured exit interviews. Outcomes evaluated for signs of improvement included several PROMIS (Patient‐Reported Measurement Information System) measures, including primary target, function. Results From May 2020 March 2022, 50 completed single‐arm pilot. high: 66% enrolled 71% full intervention. Participants reported an average 4.8 4.7 (out 5) acceptability calls using respectively. Physical scores rose 3.1 points (SE = 1.1) from baseline 3 months, 4.3 1.0) 6 above established minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Improvements MCID also evident anxiety depression, smaller improvements demonstrated emotional support, social isolation, cognitive function, burden, self‐efficacy. Discussion shows promising outcomes. Randomized studies are underway determine efficacy preserving advanced cancer.

Language: Английский

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The associations between lipid profiles and visceral obesity among gastrointestinal cancer patients: a cross-sectional study

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

Visceral obesity is associated with cancer incidence and prognosis. Altered lipid profiles are frequently seen in visceral obese patients. The blood test of more convenient has no radical side effects than computed tomography (CT), which presently the most accurate way to measure fat area. This article aims investigate associations between gastrointestinal patients.In total, 399 patients newly diagnosed were enrolled this observational study. Lipid obtained from samples, mass area (VFA) was measured by CT. VFA ≥ 100 cm2 considered obesity. under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) utilized evaluate prognostic powers parameters for viscerally patients.Patients who had higher triglyceride (TG) levels (1.20 ± 0.60 vs. 0.87 0.57 mmo/L, P < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (3.57 0.84 3.40 0.82, = 0.044), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (2.08 0.66 1.94 0.66, 0.047) lower high-density (HDL-C) (0.88 0.24 1.00 0.26, 0.001) those normal group. TG positively correlated (r 0.299, while HDL-C inversely -0.237, 0.001). predictive capacity at cutoff 0.92 mmol/L (AUROC 0.700, 95% CI, 0.653-0.745, 0.98 0.585-0.682, respectively. > linked an increased risk (OR 4.068, 2.338-7.079, 0.001).Lipid significantly VFA. Gastrointestinal elevated Chinese population. Identifying taking proper actions cancers helpful overall tumor

Language: Английский

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