Anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol baseline plasma concentrations and their clinical correlate in gambling disorder DOI Creative Commons
Isabel Baenas, Neus Solé‐Morata, Roser Granero

et al.

European Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Introduction Different components of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system such as their most well-known endogenous ligands, anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), have been implicated in brain reward pathways. While shared neurobiological substrates described among addiction-related disorders, information regarding role this behavioral addictions gambling disorder (GD) is scarce. Aims Fasting plasma concentrations AEA 2-AG were analyzed individuals with GD at baseline, compared healthy control subjects (HC). Through structural equation modeling, we evaluated associations between endocannabinoids severity, exploring potentially mediating clinical neuropsychological variables. Methods The sample included 166 adult outpatients (95.8% male, mean age 39 years old) 41 HC. Peripheral blood samples collected after overnight fasting to assess (ng/ml). Clinical (i.e., general psychopathology, emotion regulation, impulsivity, personality) variables through a semi-structured interview psychometric assessments. Results Plasma higher patients HC ( p = .002), without differences 2-AG. related novelty-seeking relationships. Conclusions This study points In group, pathway defined by association predicted severity. Although exploratory, these results could contribute identification potential endophenotypic features that help optimize personalized approaches prevent treat GD.

Language: Английский

Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) DOI Creative Commons
Yitong Li, Ying Liu, Meng Gou

et al.

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 429 - 429

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) was originally discovered as an that plays a vital role in the host innate immune system of various vertebrates. Recent research LEAP-2 endogenous antagonist and inverse agonist GHSR1a receptor. By acting competitive to ghrelin, influences energy balance metabolic processes via ghrelin–GHSR1a signaling pathway. alone or LEAP-2/ghrelin molar ratio showed potential therapeutic targets for obesity, diabetes, disorders. This review explores recent advances modulation regulation, highlighting its treating above diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Decoding the influence of central LEAP2 on food intake and its effect on accumbal dopamine release DOI Creative Commons
Maximilian Tufvesson‐Alm, Qian Zhang, Cajsa Aranäs

et al.

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 236, P. 102615 - 102615

Published: April 17, 2024

The gut-brain peptide ghrelin and its receptor are established as a regulator of hunger reward-processing. However, the recently recognized inverse agonist, liver-expressed antimicrobial 2 (LEAP2), is less characterized. present study aimed to elucidate LEAP2s central effect on reward-related behaviors through feeding mechanism. LEAP2 was administrated centrally in mice effectively reduced intake palatable foods. Strikingly, correlated preference food. Further, rewarding memory high foods, attenuated accumbal dopamine release associated with food exposure eating. Interestingly, widely expressed brain, particularly brain areas such laterodorsal tegmental area (LDTg). This expression markedly altered when allowed free access Accordingly, infusion into LDTg sufficient transiently reduce acute intake. Taken together, results show that has profound dopaminergic reward signaling affects several aspects feeding. highlights reward, which may have applications for obesity other psychiatric neurological disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
When Games Influence Words: Gaming Addiction among College Students Increases Verbal Aggression through Risk-Biased Drifting in Decision-Making DOI Creative Commons
Huina Teng, Lixin Zhu, Xuanyu Zhang

et al.

Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 699 - 699

Published: Aug. 11, 2024

Increased aggression due to gaming addiction is a widespread and highly publicized problem. The underlying processes by which verbal aggression, more harmful persistent subcategory of affected may differ from other types aggression. In this study, data came 252 randomly recruited current university students (50.79% male, mean age 19.60 years, SD: 1.44 range 17 29 years). Participants reported different through questionnaires. addition, two important explanatory processes, inhibitory control, risk preference, were measured behavioral experiments. A Bayesian hierarchical drift-diffusion model was employed interpret the preference task. contrast previous work, study found that control did not significantly correlate with either or any form However, drift rate, measure decision-making inclination under risk, partially mediates relationship between (but forms aggression). findings illuminate adverse conditions as key predictor offering avenues for early intervention suggesting game design modifications mitigate adjusting reward mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Cluster analysis in gambling disorder based on sociodemographic, neuropsychological, and neuroendocrine features regulating energy homeostasis DOI Creative Commons
Isabel Baenas, Bernat Mora‐Maltas, Mikel Etxandi

et al.

Comprehensive Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128, P. 152435 - 152435

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

The heterogeneity of gambling disorder (GD) has led to the identification different subtypes, mostly including phenotypic features, with distinctive implications on GD severity and treatment outcome. However, clustering analyses based potential endophenotypic such as neuropsychological neuroendocrine factors, are scarce so far.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Leptin, but not ghrelin, is associated with food addiction scores in a population-based subject sample DOI Creative Commons
Dirk Alexander Wittekind,

Jürgen Kratzsch,

Roland Mergl

et al.

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: July 25, 2023

Background Ghrelin and leptin are both peptide hormones act as opposing players in the regulation of hunger, satiety energy expenditure. Leptin reduces appetite feelings hunger is secreted mainly by adipocytes, while ghrelin increases food intake metabolic rate. Both have been implicated addictive disorders. was shown to pro-addictive effects leptin’s role addiction yields more conflicting results. Their involvement behaviors make them interesting candidates when investigating addiction. However, only few human studies performed large-scale lacking date. We aimed investigate association between total serum levels with scores Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS). Methods Subjects were recruited LIFE Adult cohort. 909 subjects included analysis we univariate multiple linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex (in group analyses only), alcohol consumption, smoking status, BMI scores, cortisol concentrations, Center Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) sum scores. The dependent variable YFAS score. Results In men, showed a significant positive (standardized β = 0.146; p 0.012) This finding confirmed an extreme-group comparison: men highest quartile had significantly higher than lowest (1.55 vs. 1.18; 0.00014). There no score −0.002; 0.974) or women −0.034; 0.674). Total neither −0.043; 0.196) nor ( n 530; standardized −0.063; 0.135) 379; −0.035; 0.494). Conclusion Our findings line previous literature suggest that not associated previously be this large, population-based approach.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Association between endocrine and neuropsychological endophenotypes and gambling disorder severity DOI Creative Commons
Bernat Mora‐Maltas, Isabel Baenas, Mikel Etxandi

et al.

Addictive Behaviors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 107968 - 107968

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Neurobiological characteristics have been identified regarding the severity of gambling disorder (GD). The aims this study were: (1) to examine, through a path analysis, whether there was relationship between neuroendocrine features, potentially mediational GD variables, and severity, (2) associate with severity-related variables according preferences. Methods: sample included 297 outpatients GD. We analyzed endocrine concentrations different appetite-related hormones (ghrelin, liver antimicrobial peptide 2 [LEAP-2], leptin, adiponectin), neuropsychological performance (working memory, cognitive flexibility, inhibition, decision making, premorbid intelligence). Path analysis assessed mechanisms features including (impulsivity traits gambling-related distortions). Partial correlations evaluated associations impulsivity traits, related (DSM-5, South Oaks Gambling Screen, illness duration, Results: Lower adiponectin predicted greater while higher LEAP-2 more distortions. Likewise, better directly but worse associated Also, in non-strategic individuals GD, poor working memory expectancies predictive control. In strategic flexibility illusion control, inability stop gambling. Conclusions: These results provide updated information about comprehension interaction clinical Thus, neurobiological functions seem be strongly severity.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Eating Disorders and Addictive Behaviors: Implications for Human Health DOI Open Access
Fernando Fernández‐Aranda, Roser Granero, Susana Jiménez‐Múrcia

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 3718 - 3718

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Eating disorders (EDs) are mental health diseases characterized by dysfunctional eating patterns, including restrictive eating, avoidance of foods, binge and compensative behaviors to avoid weight increases promote thinness (purging, vomiting, laxative/diuretics misuse, compulsive exercise) [...].

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Plasma concentration of leptin is related to food addiction in gambling disorder: Clinical and neuropsychological implications DOI Creative Commons
Mikel Etxandi, Isabel Baenas, Bernat Mora‐Maltas

et al.

Journal of Behavioral Addictions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 1019 - 1031

Published: Oct. 17, 2023

Abstract Background Data implicate overlaps in neurobiological pathways involved appetite regulation and addictive disorders. Despite different neuroendocrine measures having been associated with both gambling disorder (GD) food addiction (FA), how appetite-regulating hormones may relate to the co-occurrence of entities remain incompletely understood. Aims To compare plasma concentrations ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) between patients GD, without FA, explore association circulating hormonal neuropsychological clinical features individuals GD FA. Methods The sample included 297 diagnosed (93.6% males). None had lifetime diagnosis an eating disorder. FA was evaluated Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. All were assessed through a semi-structured interview psychometric battery including tasks. Blood samples measure variables anthropometric also collected. Results From total sample, observed 23 participants (FA+) (7.7% 87% When compared those FA+ presented higher body mass index (BMI) ( p < 0.001) leptin concentrations, after adjusting for BMI = 0.013). In positively correlated impulsivity, poorer cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control. Other endocrine did not differ groups. Discussion conclusions present study implicates co-occurring Among these patients, concentration has features, such as impulsivity performance certain domains.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Decoding the Influence of Central LEAP2 on Hedonic Food Intake and its association with Dopaminergic Reward Pathways DOI Creative Commons
Maximilian Tufvesson‐Alm, Qian Zhang, Cajsa Aranäs

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Abstract The gut-brain peptide ghrelin and its receptor (GHSR) are established as a regulator of hunger reward-processing. However, the recently recognized GHSR inverse agonist, liver-expressed antimicrobial 2 (LEAP2), is less characterized. Given role in many central processes, particular reward, understanding effects LEAP2 high interest to understand reward-related behaviors disorders, including hedonic feeding eating disorders. present study aimed elucidate LEAP2s effect on through mechanism. was administrated centrally male mice effectively reduced but had no or little homeostatic chow intake when more palatable option available. Strikingly, correlated preference food option, where peanut butter showed highest greatest reduction by LEAP2. Further, rewarding memory high-preference foods, well attenuated accumbal dopamine release associated with exposure eating. Interestingly, widely expressed brain, brain areas such laterodorsal tegmental area (LDTg). expression this also markedly altered given free access butter. Accordingly, infusion into LDTg sufficient attenuate acute Taken together, results show that has profound dopaminergic reward signaling affects several aspects highlights which may have application not only for feeding, other psychiatric disorders well.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol baseline plasma concentrations and their clinical correlate in gambling disorder DOI Creative Commons
Isabel Baenas, Neus Solé‐Morata, Roser Granero

et al.

European Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Introduction Different components of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system such as their most well-known endogenous ligands, anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), have been implicated in brain reward pathways. While shared neurobiological substrates described among addiction-related disorders, information regarding role this behavioral addictions gambling disorder (GD) is scarce. Aims Fasting plasma concentrations AEA 2-AG were analyzed individuals with GD at baseline, compared healthy control subjects (HC). Through structural equation modeling, we evaluated associations between endocannabinoids severity, exploring potentially mediating clinical neuropsychological variables. Methods The sample included 166 adult outpatients (95.8% male, mean age 39 years old) 41 HC. Peripheral blood samples collected after overnight fasting to assess (ng/ml). Clinical (i.e., general psychopathology, emotion regulation, impulsivity, personality) variables through a semi-structured interview psychometric assessments. Results Plasma higher patients HC ( p = .002), without differences 2-AG. related novelty-seeking relationships. Conclusions This study points In group, pathway defined by association predicted severity. Although exploratory, these results could contribute identification potential endophenotypic features that help optimize personalized approaches prevent treat GD.

Language: Английский

Citations

0