Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Bioactive Compounds in Atherosclerosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1379 - 1379

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids and immune cells within arterial walls, remains leading cause cardiovascular morbidity mortality worldwide. Oxidative stress inflammation are central to its pathogenesis, driving endothelial dysfunction, foam cell formation, plaque instability. Emerging evidence highlights potential bioactive compounds with antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties mitigate these processes promote vascular health. This review explores mechanisms through which compounds-such as polyphenols, carotenoids, flavonoids, omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, other natural compounds-modulate oxidative in atherosclerosis. It examines their effects on key molecular pathways, including inhibition reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, suppression nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), modulation cytokines. By integrating current knowledge, this underscores therapeutic dietary supplemental complementary strategies for managing atherosclerosis, paving way future research clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Its Implication on Brain and Peripheral Targets

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1071 - 1071

Published: April 5, 2024

Obesity remains a significant global health challenge, with bariatric surgery remaining as one of the most effective treatments for severe obesity and its related comorbidities. This review highlights multifaceted impact beyond mere physical restriction or nutrient malabsorption, underscoring importance gut microbiome neurohormonal signals in mediating profound effects on weight loss behavior modification. The various procedures, such Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) sleeve gastrectomy (SG), act through distinct mechanisms to alter microbiome, subsequently impacting metabolic health, energy balance, food reward behaviors. Emerging evidence has shown that induces changes composition notably altering Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio enhancing populations beneficial bacteria Akkermansia. These microbiota shifts have far-reaching influencing dopamine-mediated pathways brain modulating secretion action key hormones including ghrelin, leptin, GLP-1, PYY, CCK. resultant dopamine signaling hormone levels contribute reduced hedonic eating, enhanced satiety, improved outcomes. Further, post-bariatric surgical satiation targets are part mediated by byproducts like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) bile acids, which play pivotal role metabolism expenditure reducing obesity-associated inflammation, well pathways, potentially contributing regulation body reduction eating Overall, better understanding these opens door developing non-surgical interventions replicate signaling, regulation, offering new avenues treatment.

Language: Английский

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Neurobiological mechanisms of nicotine's effects on feeding and body weight

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 106021 - 106021

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Interplay of Nutrition, the Gut Microbiota and Immunity and Its Contribution to Human Disease

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 329 - 329

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Nutrition, the gut microbiota and immunity are all important factors in maintenance of health. However, there is a growing realization complex interplay between these elements coalescing nutrition-gut microbiota-immunity axis. This regulatory axis critical for health with disruption being implicated broad range diseases, including autoimmune disorders, allergies mental disorders. new perspective continues to underpin number innovative therapeutic strategies targeting different this treat relevant diseases. review describes inter-relationships nutrition, immunity. It then details several human diseases where has been identified presents examples how various may be targeted therapeutically as alternate treatment

Language: Английский

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The Many Faces of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Treatment: From the Mediterranean Diet to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Published: March 11, 2024

The gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by the gut microbiota. main phyla are Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, now renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated disease (MAFLD), an increase in Bacteroidetes abundance promotes its pathogenesis evolution into steatohepatitis, cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma. For this reason, early treatment necessary to disfavor progression. aim of present narrative review evaluate different therapeutic approaches MAFLD. most important for MAFLD lifestyle changes. regard, Mediterranean diet could be considered gold standard prevention contrast, a Western should discouraged. Probiotics fecal microbiota transplantation seem valid, safe, effective alternatives treatment. However, more studies with longer follow up larger cohort patients needed underline ap-proaches contrasting

Language: Английский

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Dietary Influences on Gut Microbiota and Their Role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 143 - 143

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major contributor to liver-related morbidity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic complications. Lifestyle interventions, including diet exercise, are first line in treating MASLD. Dietary approaches such as the low-glycemic-index Mediterranean diet, ketogenic intermittent fasting, high fiber diets have demonstrated potential addressing dysfunction underlying this condition. The development progression of MASLD closely associated with taxonomic shifts gut microbial communities, relationship well-documented literature. Given importance primary treatment for MASLD, it important understand how microbiota their byproducts mediate favorable outcomes induced by healthy dietary patterns. Conversely, changes conferred unhealthy patterns Western may induce dysbiosis influence through promoting hepatic inflammation, up-regulating lipogenesis, dysregulating bile acid metabolism, increasing insulin resistance, causing oxidative damage hepatocytes. Although emerging evidence has identified links between microbiota, significant gaps remain understanding specific roles, metabolite pathways, host interactions, causal relationships. Therefore, review aims provide mechanistic insights into role microbiota-mediated processes analysis both contribution pathophysiology. By better elucidating interplay nutrients, processes, onset work identify new opportunities targeted interventions treat efficiently.

Language: Английский

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Probiotic, Postbiotic, and Paraprobiotic Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus as a Modulator of Obesity-Associated Factors

Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(22), P. 3529 - 3529

Published: Nov. 5, 2024

Obesity is a pandemic currently affecting the world's population that decreases quality of life and promotes development chronic non-communicable diseases.

Language: Английский

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Zeolite and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(11), P. 2614 - 2614

Published: June 2, 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), characterized by progressive degeneration and death of neurons, are strongly related to aging, the number people with NDs will continue rise. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Parkinson’s (PD) most common NDs, current treatments offer no cure. A growing body research shows that AD especially PD intricately intestinal health gut microbiome both can spread retrogradely from brain. Zeolites a large family minerals built [SiO4]4− [AlO4]5− tetrahedrons joined shared oxygen atoms forming three-dimensional microporous structure holding water molecules ions. The widespread used zeolite is clinoptilolite, additionally, mechanically activated clinoptilolites further improved beneficial effects. review describes discusses numerous positive effects clinoptilolite its forms on microbiome, as well their detoxifying, antioxidative, immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory effects, relevant treatment PD. direct pathology in vitro vivo also reviewed, use zeolites biosensors delivery systems

Language: Английский

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High fat diet induces differential age- and gender-dependent changes in neuronal function in Drosophila linked to redox stress

Behavioural Brain Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115510 - 115510

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sex-dependent effects of a high-fat diet on the hypothalamic response in mice

Biology of Sex Differences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract Sex differences in rodent models of diet-induced obesity are still poorly documented, particularly regarding how central mechanisms vary between sexes response to an obesogenic diet. Here, we wanted determine whether obese phenotype and hypothalamic a high-fat diet (HFD) differed male female C57Bl/6J mice. Mice were exposed either 60% HFD or standard first for both long- (14 weeks) shorter-periods time (3, 7, 14 28 days). Analysis the expression profile key neuronal, glial inflammatory markers was performed using RT-qPCR. In addition, astrocytic microglial morphology examined arcuate nucleus. Monitoring body weight composition revealed that fat mass gain appeared earlier more pronounced After weeks exposure, normalized increase reached similar levels Overall, under displayed decrease orexigenic neuropeptides while Pomc gene observed only changes relatively modest. We also reported cell affected by sex- dependent manner, suggesting activation Taken together, these data show mice responded differently on short- long-term suggest strong is not systematically present models. Nevertheless, addition data, underlying should be deciphered further investigations.

Language: Английский

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