Antibiotics, Analgesic Sedatives, and Antiseizure Medications Frequently Used in Critically Ill Neonates: A Narrative Review DOI Creative Commons
Angeliki Kontou, Eleni Agakidou, Ilias Chatziioannidis

et al.

Children, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 871 - 871

Published: July 18, 2024

Antibiotic, analgesic sedative, and antiseizure medications are among the most commonly used in preterm/sick neonates, who at high risk of nosocomial infections, central nervous system complications, exposed to numerous painful/stressful procedures. These severe potentially life-threatening complications may have serious short- long-term consequences should be prevented and/or promptly treated. The reported variability neonates indicates lack adequate neonatal studies regarding their effectiveness safety. Important obstacles contributing inadequate infants include difficulties obtaining parental consent, physicians’ unwillingness recruit preterm infants, off-label use many other scientific ethical concerns. This review is an update on antimicrobials (antifungals), analgesics (sedatives), focusing current evidence or knowledge gaps pharmacokinetics, indications, safety, dosage, evidence-based guidelines for optimal neonates. We also address effects early antibiotic intestinal microbiome its association with immune-related diseases, obesity, neurodevelopment (ND). Recommendations empirical treatment emergence pathogen resistance antifungals presented. Finally, future perspectives prevention, modification, reversal discussed.

Language: Английский

Beyond Conventional Antifungals: Combating Resistance Through Novel Therapeutic Pathways DOI Creative Commons
‏Helal F. Hetta, Tameem Melhem, Hashim M. Aljohani

et al.

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 364 - 364

Published: March 4, 2025

The rising burden of fungal infections presents a significant challenge to global healthcare, particularly with increasing antifungal resistance limiting treatment efficacy. Early detection and timely intervention remain critical, yet pathogens employ diverse mechanisms evade host immunity develop resistance, undermining existing therapeutic options. Limited options necessitate novel strategies. This review provides comprehensive overview conventional agents, their action, emerging pathways. Furthermore, it highlights recently approved investigational compounds while evaluating innovative approaches such as nanotechnology, drug repurposing, immunotherapy. Addressing requires multifaceted strategy that integrates therapeutics, enhanced diagnostic tools, future research efforts sustainable effective solutions.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Novel 2-Thiazolylhydrazone with Druggable Properties for Antifungal Application DOI Creative Commons

Wallace Cordeiro de Morais,

G. Costa,

Vinícius Leal Pitcella

et al.

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 69 - 69

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Fungal infections have become a growing concern in healthcare, particularly immunocompromised individuals, with species like Candida, Cryptococcus, and Sporothrix posing significant challenges due to rising resistance limited treatment options. In response, novel antifungal agents are being explored, including thiazolyl hydrazones. This study focuses on the development of thiazolylhydrazone derivative, RW3. RW3 was synthesized improve its water solubility pharmacokinetic properties. The compound demonstrated broad spectrum, effective against Cryptococcus neoformans Candida auris, minimal irritant potential low cytotoxicity. showed favorable high intestinal permeability, indicating for oral administration. results suggest as promising lead further therapeutic agent systemic fungal infections. These findings underscore importance optimizing drug properties enhance efficacy safety profiles, opening path innovative treatments.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Rutin attenuates oxidative damage-induced renal injury in rats experimentally infected with Cryptococcus neoformans by improving antioxidant capacity and reducing fungal burden DOI
Roberto Rangel,

Raquel Tusi Tamiosso,

Rúbia Schallenberger da Silva

et al.

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107540 - 107540

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mycobiota and Antifungal Antibodies as Emerging Targets for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Human Diseases DOI Creative Commons
Eguzkiñe Díez-Martín, Leidi Hernández-Suárez, Egoitz Astigarraga

et al.

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 296 - 296

Published: April 9, 2025

The human body is colonized by diverse microorganisms, with bacteria being the most extensively studied. However, fungi, collectively known as "the mycobiota," are increasingly recognized integral components of microbiota, inhabiting nearly all mucosal surfaces. Commensal fungi influence host immunity similarly to and contribute other essential functions, including metabolism. This emerging understanding positions potential biomarkers for diagnosis prognosis various diseases. In this review, we explore dual roles both commensals pathogens, antifungal antibodies serve diagnostic prognostic tools, especially in chronic immune-inflammatory non-communicable diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, address current challenges outline future perspectives leveraging fungal clinical practice.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Uncovering the role of mitochondrial genome in pathogenicity and drug resistance in pathogenic fungi DOI Creative Commons
Yue Ni, Xindi Gao

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 16, 2025

Fungal infections are becoming more prevalent globally, particularly affecting immunocompromised populations, such as people living with HIV, organ transplant recipients and those on immunomodulatory therapy. Globally, approximately 6.55 million affected by invasive fungal annually, leading to serious health consequences death. Mitochondria membrane-bound organelles found in almost all eukaryotic cells play an important role cellular metabolism energy production, including pathogenic fungi. These possess their own genome, the mitochondrial which is usually circular encodes proteins essential for production. Variation evolutionary adaptation within between species' genomes can affect function, consequently production metabolic activity, may contribute pathogenicity drug resistance certain species. This review explores link genome mechanisms of resistance, a particular focus Cryptococcus neoformans Candida albicans. insights deepen our understanding biology provide new avenues developing innovative therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Antibiotics, Analgesic Sedatives, and Antiseizure Medications Frequently Used in Critically Ill Neonates: A Narrative Review DOI Creative Commons
Angeliki Kontou, Eleni Agakidou, Ilias Chatziioannidis

et al.

Children, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 871 - 871

Published: July 18, 2024

Antibiotic, analgesic sedative, and antiseizure medications are among the most commonly used in preterm/sick neonates, who at high risk of nosocomial infections, central nervous system complications, exposed to numerous painful/stressful procedures. These severe potentially life-threatening complications may have serious short- long-term consequences should be prevented and/or promptly treated. The reported variability neonates indicates lack adequate neonatal studies regarding their effectiveness safety. Important obstacles contributing inadequate infants include difficulties obtaining parental consent, physicians’ unwillingness recruit preterm infants, off-label use many other scientific ethical concerns. This review is an update on antimicrobials (antifungals), analgesics (sedatives), focusing current evidence or knowledge gaps pharmacokinetics, indications, safety, dosage, evidence-based guidelines for optimal neonates. We also address effects early antibiotic intestinal microbiome its association with immune-related diseases, obesity, neurodevelopment (ND). Recommendations empirical treatment emergence pathogen resistance antifungals presented. Finally, future perspectives prevention, modification, reversal discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

1