Synergistic effects of Candida albicans and Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms on epithelial barrier function in a 3D aspiration pneumonia model DOI Creative Commons
Ewelina Wronowska, Ibeth Guevara-Lora, Aleksandra Brankiewicz

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 7, 2025

Introduction Polymicrobial infections involving Candida albicans and Porphyromonas gingivalis represent a significant challenge in maintaining epithelial barrier integrity. This study explores their synergistic effects on cells using an air-liquid interface (ALI) model. Methods Mixed-species biofilms were developed analyzed for impact permeability tight junction proteins. The of biofilm supernatants IL-8 secretion oxidative stress markers also evaluated. role P. proteases was assessed gingipain-null mutant (ΔKΔRAB) compared to the wild-type strain (W83). Survival experiments conducted Galleria mellonella larvae examine pathogenicity dual-species biofilms. Results significantly increased disrupted proteins, as evidenced by reduced levels ZO-1 E-cadherin. These changes accompanied stress, characterized decreased HO-1 expression enhanced Bax/Bcl-xL ratios, indicating pro-apoptotic activity. Supernatants from demonstrated pronounced effect cells, modulating exacerbating damage. C. identified dominant driver pro-inflammatory responses, while contributed through immune modulation enzymatic activity, primarily via gingipains. ΔKΔRAB caused less disruption wild-type, highlighting critical gingipains pathogenesis. Discussion supported these findings, survival associated with potential high-dose antimicrobial therapies mitigate this effect. results emphasize cooperative mechanisms compromising barriers underline importance combination targeting both fungal bacterial components polymicrobial infections.

Language: Английский

The impact of the Fungus-Host-Microbiota interplay uponCandida albicansinfections: current knowledge and new perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Christophe d’Enfert,

Ann-Kristin Kaune,

Leovigildo-Rey Alaban

et al.

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 45(3)

Published: Nov. 18, 2020

Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans. It exists as commensal in the oral cavity, gut or genital tract most individuals, constrained by local microbiota, epithelial barriers and immune defences. Their perturbation can lead to outgrowth development mucosal infections such oropharyngeal vulvovaginal candidiasis, patients with compromised immunity are susceptible life-threatening systemic infections. The importance interplay between fungus, host microbiota driving transition from C. commensalism pathogenicity widely appreciated. However, complexity these interactions, significant impact fungal, variability upon disease severity outcome, less well understood. Therefore, we summarise features fungus that promote infection, how genetic variation clinical isolates influences pathogenicity. We discuss antifungal immunity, this differs mucosae, individual person's susceptibility infection. Also, describe factors influence composition gut, vaginal microbiotas, affect colonisation immunity. argue detailed understanding variables, which underlie fungal-host-microbiota will present opportunities for directed therapies benefit vulnerable patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

238
Oral Cavity and Candida albicans: Colonisation to the Development of Infection DOI Creative Commons
Mrudula Patel

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 335 - 335

Published: March 10, 2022

Candida colonisation of the oral cavity increases in immunocompromised individuals which leads to development candidiasis. In addition, host factors such as xerostomia, smoking, prostheses, dental caries, diabetes and cancer treatment accelerate disease process. albicans is primary causative agent this infection, owing its ability form biofilm hyphae produce hydrolytic enzymes candialysin. Although mucosal immunity activated, from time hyphae-associated toxin formed by colonising C. cells, an increased number virulence pathogenic organism collectively infection. Prevention infection can be achieved addressing physiological habits. For maintenance health, conventional hygiene products containing antimicrobial compounds, essential oils phytochemicals considered, these maintain low reduce their virulence. Vulnerable patients should educated order increase compliance.

Language: Английский

Citations

95
Invasive candidiasis DOI
Cornelia Lass‐Flörl, Souha S. Kanj, Nelesh P. Govender

et al.

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

62
Oral Microbiome: A Review of Its Impact on Oral and Systemic Health DOI Creative Commons

John J. Rajasekaran,

Hari Krishnan Krishnamurthy,

Jophi Bosco

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1797 - 1797

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Purpose of review: This review investigates the oral microbiome’s composition, functions, influencing factors, connections to and systemic diseases, personalized care strategies. Recent findings: The microbiome is a complex ecosystem consisting bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses that contribute health. Various such as diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, lifestyle choices, medical conditions, can affect balance lead dysbiosis, which result in health issues like dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, candidiasis, halitosis. Importantly, our explores novel associations between diseases including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, endocrinal, neurological autoimmune cancer. We comprehensively efficacy interventions probiotics, xylitol, rinses, fluoride, essential oils, oil pulling, peptides promoting by modulating microbiome. Summary: emphasizes critical functions microbiota overall health, providing insights into effects microbial imbalances on various diseases. It underlines significant connection general Furthermore, it advantages probiotics other ingredients addressing common issues, offering comprehensive strategy for care.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Mechanisms of fungal dissemination DOI
Ashley B. Strickland, Meiqing Shi

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78(7), P. 3219 - 3238

Published: Jan. 15, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

82
New Insights in Candida albicans Innate Immunity at the Mucosa: Toxins, Epithelium, Metabolism, and Beyond DOI Creative Commons
Aize Pellón, Shervin Dokht Sadeghi Nasab, David L. Moyes

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: March 2, 2020

The mucosal surfaces of the human body are challenged by millions microbes on a daily basis. Co-evolution with these has led to development plastic mechanisms in both host and microorganisms that regulate balance between preserving beneficial clearing pathogens. Candida albicans is fungal pathobiont present most healthy individuals that, under certain circumstances, can become pathogenic cause everything from mild infections life-threatening systemic diseases. As an essential part innate immunity mucosae, epithelial cells elaborate complex immune responses discriminate commensal microbes, including C. albicans. Recently, several significant advances have been made identifying new pieces puzzle host-microbe interactions. This review will summarize context our current knowledge anti-Candida immunity, their impact this pathogen.

Language: Английский

Citations

78
Immune Sensing of Candida albicans DOI Creative Commons
Ebrima Bojang,

Harlene Ghuman,

Pizga Kumwenda

et al.

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 119 - 119

Published: Feb. 6, 2021

Candida albicans infections range from superficial to systemic and are one of the leading causes fungus-associated nosocomial infections. The innate immune responses during these various infection types differ, suggesting that host environment plays a key role in modulating host–pathogen interaction. In addition, C. is able remodel its cell wall response environmental conditions evade clearance mechanisms establish niches, such as oral vaginal mucosa. Phagocytes play clearing albicans, which primarily mediated by Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP)–Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) interactions. PRRs Dectin-1, DC-SIGN, TLR2 TLR4 interact with PAMPs β-glucans, N-mannan O-mannan, respectively, trigger activation cells. Innate cells exhibit distinct yet overlapping repertoires PAMPs, resulting preferential recognition particular morphotypes them. phagocytes context individual also differs, neutrophils playing prominent kidney infections, dendritic skin this review, we provide an overview receptors involved detection discuss differential seen different vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) candidiasis.

Language: Английский

Citations

73
Camphor and Eucalyptol—Anticandidal Spectrum, Antivirulence Effect, Efflux Pumps Interference and Cytotoxicity DOI Open Access
Marija Ivanov, Abhilash Kannan, Dejan Stojković

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 483 - 483

Published: Jan. 6, 2021

Candidaalbicans represents one of the most common fungal pathogens. Due to its increasing incidence and poor efficacy available antifungals, finding novel antifungal molecules is great importance. Camphor eucalyptol are bioactive terpenoid plant constituents their properties have been explored previously. In this study, we examined ability inhibit growth different Candida species in suspension biofilm, block hyphal transition along with impact on genes encoding for efflux pumps (CDR1 CDR2), ergosterol biosynthesis (ERG11), cytotoxicity primary liver cells. showed excellent activity a minimal inhibitory concentration 0.125–0.35 mg/mL while was active range 2–23 mg/mL. The results camphor’s potential reduce virulence traits, that is, biofilm establishment hyphae formation. On other hand, camphor treatments upregulated CDR1;CDR2 positively regulated after application downregulated it. Neither had an ERG11 expression. beneficial activities were achieved amount non-toxic porcine cells, making it promising compound future development. caused cytotoxic effects increased expression pump genes, which suggests unsuitable candidate.

Language: Английский

Citations

62
Invasive Candidiasis: Update and Current Challenges in the Management of This Mycosis in South America DOI Creative Commons
Fernando Riera, Juan Pablo Caeiro, Sofia Carla Angiolini

et al.

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 877 - 877

Published: June 30, 2022

Invasive candidiasis encompassing Candida bloodstream infections and deep-seated can become a persistent health problem. These are caused by species have high morbidity mortality rates. Species distribution, access to diagnosis, treatment different around the world. The rate is in South America (30–70%), albicans most prevalent this region. However, global epidemiological shift non-albicans has been observed. In group, C. parapsilosis frequently detected, followed tropicalis, at slower rate, glabrata, which also increased, addition emerging auris, resistance several drugs. This article summarizes relevant aspects of candidemia pathogenesis, such as mechanisms fungal invasion, immune response, impact genetic defects that increase host susceptibility developing infection. We discuss future challenges America.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Host’s Immunity and Candida Species Associated with Denture Stomatitis: A Narrative Review DOI Creative Commons
Pierre Le Bars, Alain Ayepa Kouadio, Octave Nadile Bandiaky

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 1437 - 1437

Published: July 16, 2022

Denture-related Candida stomatitis, which has been described clinically in the literature, is either localized or generalized inflammation of oral mucosa connection with a removable prosthesis. During this inflammatory process, mycobacterial biofilm and host’s immune response play an essential role. Among microorganisms mixed biofilm, species proliferates easily changes from commensal to opportunistic pathogen. In situation, relationship between spp. host influenced by presence denture conditioned both microbiota. Specifically, fungus able hijack innate system its cause infection. Additionally, older edentulous wearers dentures may experience imbalanced decreased microbiome diversity. Under these conditions, deficiency aging patients often promotes spread commensals pathogens. The present narrative review aimed analyze adaptive responses stomatitis more particularly involvement albicans sp. associated pathology.

Language: Английский

Citations

41