Vaccine development for bacterial pathogens: Advances, challenges and prospects

Tropical Medicine & International Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(4), P. 275 - 299

Published: March 2, 2023

The advent and use of antimicrobials have played a key role in treating potentially life-threatening infectious diseases, improving health, saving the lives millions people worldwide. However, emergence multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens has been significant health challenge that compromised ability to prevent treat wide range diseases were once treatable. Vaccines offer potential as promising alternative fight against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) diseases. Vaccine technologies include reverse vaccinology, structural biology methods, nucleic acid (DNA mRNA) vaccines, generalised modules for membrane antigens, bioconjugates/glycoconjugates, nanomaterials several other emerging technological advances are offering breakthrough development efficient vaccines pathogens. This review covers opportunities advancements vaccine discovery targeting bacterial We reflect on impact already-developed those currently under different stages preclinical clinical trials. More importantly, we critically comprehensively analyse challenges while highlighting indices future prospects. Finally, issues concerns AMR low-income countries (sub-Saharan Africa) with integration, this region evaluated.

Language: Английский

---

Outer membrane vesicle-based intranasal vaccines

Current Opinion in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 84, P. 102376 - 102376

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Delivery of vaccines via the mucosal route is regarded as most effective mode immunization to counteract infectious diseases that enter tissues, including oral, nasal, pulmonary, intestinal, and urogenital surfaces. Mucosal not only induce local immune effector elements, such secretory Immunoglobulin A (IgA) reaching luminal site mucosa, but also systemic immunity. Moreover, may trigger immunity in distant tissues because homing primed antigen-specific cells toward tissue common system. While licensed intramuscular immunity, next-generation outperform parenteral vaccination strategies by eliciting protective responses block infection and/or transmission. Especially nasal vaccination, targeting nasal-associated lymphoid tissue, attractive for immunization. In numerous studies, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have proved vaccine platform homologous strains, antigen delivery heterologous antigens nonbacterial diseases, viruses, parasites, cancer. Their application has been extended delivery. Here, we will summarize characteristics clinical potential (engineered) OMVs mucosal, especially intranasal

Language: Английский

---

Biodistribution of 89Zr-DFO-labeled avian pathogenic Escherichia coli outer membrane vesicles by PET imaging in chickens

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 102(2), P. 102364 - 102364

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a serious systemic infectious disease in poultry infections, causing severe economic losses to the industry. Previous studies have shown that secretion of virulence proteins was required for pathogenicity APEC through system. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are generalized system Gram-negative bacteria play key role long-distance delivery factors, but whether they associated with mechanism has not been determined. In this study, OMVs were purified and characterized from AE17 (O2 serotype) by ultracentrifugation density gradient centrifugation their protein cargo identified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). addition, 89Zr labeled after chelating DFO positron emission tomography PET imaging used track 89Zr-DFO-OMVs chickens pathologically analyze distribution sites. This study showed ranging size 20 200 nm proteomic analysis revealed presence proteins, including adhesion OmpA, OmpC, OmpF, OmpX, FimH, FimC FigE, serum resistance OmpT MliC immune response regulator (FliC). vivo biodistribution taken up lung region gastrointestinal renal regions detected other areas. Pathological tissue sites where ingested inflammatory responses damage. These findings suggested only contained group infection can also deliver these over long distances caused Our previously unidentified causative microbial signal pathogenesis could aid development vaccines antibiotics effective against APEC.

Language: Английский

---

Comparative study of subcutaneous, intramuscular, and oral administration of bovine pathogenic Escherichia coli bacterial ghost vaccine in mice

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 14, 2022

Escherichia coli is one of the most common bacterial pathogens in cattle. Prophylactic vaccines are considered promising strategies with potential to reduce incidence colibacillosis. Some studies suggested that ghosts may serve as a novel approach for preventing infections. However, roles administration route on vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy have not been investigated. In this study, vaccination via different immune routes generating humoral cellular response was compared through subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM), oral (O) female BALB/c mice prepared using wild type isolates CE9, while phosphate buffer saline (PBS) inactivated containing aluminum adjuvants (Killed) were used control. Our results showed plasmid pBV220-E-aa-SNA E. efficiently cleaved at 42°C 94.8% positive ratio assessed by colony counts. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed bacteria retained intact surface structure devoid cytoplasmic component. We found total IgG titers killed, IM SC groups significant increase 7, 14, 21 28 days post-immunization. The IgA level group higher than all other 28th day. Meanwhile, four experimental difference levels PBS group, an relative percentages CD3+CD4+ T cells accompanied splenic CD3+CD8+ cells. comparison vaccine, CE9 immunization elicited IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 IL-12. Subcutaneous immunizations significantly associated improved survival route, traditional Pathologic assessment revealed less severe tissue damage inflammation lung, kidney, intestine groups. above demonstrate injection elicits more robust antigen-specific prevent infection.

Language: Английский

---

Intratumoral photo-controlled antigens burst release for synergistic immunotherapy by bio-membrane and organic membrane coated dual-functional nanoparticles

Chinese Chemical Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110740 - 110740

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---