Hybrid valorization of biodiesel production using sustainable mixed alcohol solvent

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29, P. 102963 - 102963

Published: Nov. 21, 2022

The growing global need for energy has resulted in a rise of interest renewable energy-based fuels such as biodiesel. Palm oil mill effluent, waste that is produced large quantities, was used biodiesel production. 90% residual palm successfully recovered from the effluent mills at extraction conditions mixing speed 500 rpm and duration 25 min. extracted to produce under influence semi-batch heating. Aspen plus simulation model also developed compare performance with experimental findings. four process parameters includes reaction temperature 30–70 °C, time 1–5 h, solvent mole ratio 3–15 catalyst amount 0.5–2.5%. optimized simulated yield 94.73% 92.83% operating 60 4 alcohol molar 12:1 2% concentration. agreement between predicted actual found be 98%. coefficients estimates 22.88, 27.29, 32.24 22.86 were calculated by quadratic alcohol/oil ratio, time, loading respectively. study showed higher (94.73%) using solution methanol ethanol synthesis. Therefore, RPO could possibly result cheaper synthesis can contribute make up needs if implemented on an industrial scale.

Language: Английский

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Global marginal land availability of Jatropha curcas L.-based biodiesel development

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 364, P. 132655 - 132655

Published: June 11, 2022

Language: Английский

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Jatropha curcas L. cultivation on contaminated and marginal land—Exploring the potential for circular economy, environmental protection, and sustainability

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 187 - 207

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Drivers of municipal water security and vulnerability in Pakistan: A case study of Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Groundwater for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26, P. 101229 - 101229

Published: June 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Experimental comparison of performance and emission characteristics of 4-stroke CI engine operated with Roselle and Jatropha biodiesel blends

Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 99(6), P. 100505 - 100505

Published: April 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Experimental investigation of performance, emissions, combustion characteristics, cyclic variations, and exergy efficiency of CI engine fueled with Karanja-camphor oil blends and diesel-camphor oil blends

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of climate change on water scarcity in Pakistan. Implications for water management and policy

Journal of Water and Climate Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 3602 - 3623

Published: July 2, 2024

ABSTRACT Water resources in Pakistan are under serious threat from climate change (CC), exacerbating water scarcity. The implications for policy and management far-reaching. relies heavily on the Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS) agricultural production supply, but distribution availability of threatened by changing climatic patterns, such as precipitation melting glaciers. scarcity is heightened faster glacial melt erratic which affect timing quantity flow. Effective techniques, increased effectiveness, sustainable practices, conservation measures, well robust infrastructure governance required to address these issues. can benefit greatly international cooperation assistance mitigate impacts CC ensure security long-term development.

Language: Английский

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Sustainable Water Management in Indus Basin and Vulnerability Due to Climate Change

Published: March 14, 2023

Pakistan depends heavily on the Indus River Basin System (IRBS) which is essential for meeting great majority of Pakistan's agricultural and home consumption requirements. The responsible over 90% output accounts 25% country's GDP. Because problems with water supply, may soon face serious food scarcity. By 2025, deficit expected to reach 32%, according World Bank's 2020–2021 study, leading a about 70 million tons. Recent predictions suggest that by storage capacity will have reduced 30% due climate change. Extreme events, i.e., temperature precipitation, occurred in Pakistan, these affect human beings. has very low per capita capacity, at 150 m3. As result decreasing surface supplies rising groundwater abstraction, viability irrigated agriculture be threatened. To maximize potential increased storage, must enhance its water-use efficiency implement sustainable strategies managing resources. crucial aspects keeping viable are developing infrastructure eliminating distrust among provinces.

Language: Английский

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Extraction and Performance Analysis of Hydrocarbons from Waste Plastic Using the Pyrolysis Process

Energies, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(24), P. 9381 - 9381

Published: Dec. 11, 2022

Ecosystem destruction is one of today’s significant challenges due to fast industrialisation and an increasing population. It takes several years for solid trash, such as plastic bottles super-market bags, decompose in nature. In addition, disposal techniques landfilling, reuse, incineration pose threats human health the environment. this paper, we investigated whether impact mixing biodiesel with waste oil from recycled on resulting fuel mixture’s yields better physical chemical properties. Consequently, pyrolysis most advantageous practical methods it both environmentally benign efficient. Pyrolysis high-temperature thermal breakdown produce pyrolytic oil. The (plastic) produced converted a hydrocarbon-rich fuel. Similar diesel gasoline, has same calorific value. Internal combustion engines may operate without suffering performance reduction. Researchers examined engine exhaust pollutants. research discovered that could at full load, enhance brake efficiency by 6–8%, lower UBHC CO emissions; however, nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions were noticeably higher. findings demonstrated possibility using substitute.

Language: Английский

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An investigation of pore structure of blended coal coke produced by pyrolysis of three kinds of coal

International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(5), P. 922 - 950

Published: June 21, 2022

Blended coal combustion technology is being adopted by more and power plants as a clean technology, while the of coke accounts for than 85% total process pulverized coal. In order to investigate effects different factors on pore structure fractal properties blended coke, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method scanning electron microscopy are used study consisting three types after pyrolysis. The isotherm analysis indicates that in consisted mainly semi-open pores with semi-cates. Petroleum can severely inhibit microporosity when content petroleum sample exceeds 10%. distribution blending ratios concentrated mesopores. addition, it found trend D1 consistent ratio microporous specific surface area coke. Bituminous will make have complex smooth surface.

Language: Английский

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