Design and Synthesis of Novel Antimicrobial Agents

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 628 - 628

Published: March 22, 2023

The necessity for the discovery of innovative antimicrobials to treat life-threatening diseases has increased as multidrug-resistant bacteria spread. Due antibiotics’ availability over counter in many nations, antibiotic resistance is linked overuse, abuse, and misuse these drugs. World Health Organization (WHO) recognized 12 families that present greatest harm human health, where options therapy are extremely limited. Therefore, this paper reviews possible new ways development novel classes antibiotics which there no pre-existing bacterial pathogens. By utilizing research technology such nanotechnology computational methods (such silico Fragment-based drug design (FBDD)), been an improvement antimicrobial actions selectivity with target sites. Moreover, alternatives, peptides, essential oils, anti-Quorum sensing agents, darobactins, vitamin B6, bacteriophages, odilorhabdins, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, cannabinoids. Additionally, repurposing ticagrelor, mitomycin C, auranofin, pentamidine, zidovudine) synthesis antibacterial agents (including lactones, piperidinol, sugar-based bactericides, isoxazole, carbazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole derivatives) represent approaches treating infectious diseases. Nonetheless, prodrugs (e.g., siderophores) have recently shown be excellent platform a generation better efficacy against bacteria. Ultimately, combat resistant stop spread illnesses, regulations public education regarding use hospitals agricultural sector should combined technological advancements.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Potential of Cannabis: A Comprehensive Review of Current and Future Applications

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 2630 - 2630

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

Historically, cannabis has been valued for its pain-relieving, anti-inflammatory, and calming properties. Ancient civilizations like the Egyptians, Greeks, Chinese medicines recognized their therapeutic potential. The discovery of endocannabinoid system, which interacts with phytoconstituents, scientifically explained how affects human immune including central nervous system (CNS). This review explores evolving world cannabis-based treatments, spotlighting diverse applications. By researching current research clinical studies, we probe into cannabinoids Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cannabidiol (CBD) help to manage conditions ranging from chronic pain, persistent inflammation, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, neurological disorders even viral diseases such as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), SARS-CoV-2. emerging monkeypox. long-term recreational use can develop disorder (CUD), therefore, understanding factors contributing development maintenance addiction, genetic predisposition, neurobiological mechanisms, environmental influences, will be timely. Shedding light on adverse impacts CUD underscores importance early intervention, effective treatment approaches, public health initiatives address this complex issue in an landscape policies perceptions.

Language: Английский

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THC and CBD: Villain versus Hero? Insights into Adolescent Exposure

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 5251 - 5251

Published: March 9, 2023

Cannabis is the most used drug of abuse worldwide. It well established that abundant phytocannabinoids in this plant are Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These two compounds have remarkably similar chemical structures yet vastly different effects brain. By binding to same receptors, THC psychoactive, while CBD has anxiolytic antipsychotic properties. Lately, a variety hemp-based products, including THC, become widely available food health industry, medical recreational use cannabis been legalized many states/countries. As result, people, youths, consuming because it considered “safe”. An extensive literature exists evaluating harmful both adults adolescents, but little known about long-term exposure, especially adolescence. The aim review collect preclinical clinical evidence cannabidiol.

Language: Английский

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The current role of cannabis and cannabinoids in health: A comprehensive review of their therapeutic potential

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 329, P. 121838 - 121838

Published: June 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cannabis for Chronic Pain: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Challenges

Stresses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Chronic pain represents a complex and debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide, significantly compromising their quality life. The conventional approach to treating this type often relies on the use opioid analgesics anti-inflammatory drugs. While these agents are effective in short term, they present several limitations, including risk dependence, severe side effects, and, some cases, ineffectiveness reducing pain. In context, medical cannabis has emerged as promising therapeutic alternative, given its potential ability relieve effectively with favorable safety profile. This work aims provide comprehensive up-to-date review existing literature effects treatment chronic Cannabis sativa contains pharmacologically active compounds, most prominent which delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) cannabidiol (CBD), interact body’s endocannabinoid system, thereby modulating response. Clinical evidence shown cannabinoids can reduce intensity pain, particularly cases neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, other painful conditions unresponsive treatments. However, full integration into clinical practice faces significant obstacles, need for standardized dosing, long-term data, regulatory frameworks. These issues, alongside concerns over adverse drug interactions, must be addressed unlock cannabinoids, patients, who endure both physical suffering added burden stress.

Language: Английский

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Traditional uses of Cannabis: An analysis of the CANNUSE database

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 279, P. 114362 - 114362

Published: June 24, 2021

Cannabis is one of the most versatile genera in terms plant use and has been exploited by humans for millennia. Nowadays, centre many scientific studies, them focusing on chemical composition medicinal values. While new varied applications are continuously being developed, knowledge surrounding less common uses slowly disappearing. We have analysed diversity global data traditional uses, to investigate if certain parts significantly associated with particular use. wanted uncover potential associations between used treatment different body systems ailments. extensive database (CANNUSE). This contains 2330 entries ethnobotanical from over 40 countries across world. The dataset was divided into five general groups based type use: medicinal, alimentary, psychoactive, fibre other uses. Given abundance human detailed analysis done subset 1167 entries. relationship 16 system categories ailments treated parts. a Pearson's chi-square Fisher's exact test, determine which characteristic specific In this dataset, majority reports were represented (75.41%), followed psychoactive (8.35%) alimentary (7.29%) commonly leaf (50.51%), seed (15.38%) inflorescence (11.35%). found that uses; typically Regarding treatments digestive nutritional disorders (17.66%), nervous mental (16.24%), pain inflammations (12.21%). significant categories; two categories: skin subcutaneous tissue circulatory blood disorders; musculoskeletal traumas; while shows statistical support disorders. Several pharmaceutical companies intensely working developing drugs isolated compounds or crude extracts, almost exclusively inflorescences. However, our review revealed medicine often more important than A provides an initial pathway identify landraces could role future research. confident still large modern medicine. As information (genetics, biochemistry, clinical studies) becomes available, poised be much greater significance.

Language: Английский

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The Efficacy of Cannabis on Multiple Sclerosis-Related Symptoms

Life, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 682 - 682

Published: May 5, 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is known as an autoimmune disease that damages the neurons in central nervous system. MS characterized by its most common symptoms of spasticity, muscle spasms, neuropathic pain, tremors, bladder dysfunction, dysarthria, and some intellectual problems, including memory disturbances. Several clinical studies have been conducted to investigate effects cannabis on relief these patients. The efficacy Cannabis sativa (C. Sativa) management outcomes such ataxia, functions, sleep, quality life, adverse were assessed this review. Most showed positive cannabinoids with their different routes administration, oromucosal spray oral form, reducing symptoms. Nabiximols demonstrated improvement life a tolerated effect. Oral are significantly effective for treating pain while other indicate slight evidence quite inconsistent. Oromucosal mainly used patients MS, whereas indicated improvement, which further needed.

Language: Английский

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An Individuality of Response to Cannabinoids: Challenges in Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis Products

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(6), P. 2791 - 2791

Published: March 20, 2023

Since legalization, cannabis/marijuana has been gaining considerable attention as a functional ingredient in food. ∆-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and other cannabinoids are key bioactive compounds with health benefits. The oral consumption of cannabis transports much less hazardous chemicals than smoking. Nevertheless, the response to is biphasically dose-dependent (hormesis; low-dose stimulation high-dose inhibition) wide individuality responses. Thus, exact same dose preparation may be beneficial for some but toxic others. purpose this review highlight concept individual variations cannabinoids, which leads challenge establishing standard safe doses products general population. mechanisms actions, acute chronic toxicities, factors affecting responses updated. Based on literature review, we found that depends exposure (delivery route, duration, frequency, interactions food drugs), (age, sex), susceptibility (genetic polymorphisms cannabinoid receptor gene, N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing enzymes, THC-metabolizing epigenetic regulations). Owing responses, safest way use cannabis-containing start low, go slow, stay low.

Language: Английский

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Hormonal control of promoter activities of Cannabis sativa prenyltransferase 1 and 4 and salicylic acid mediated regulation of cannabinoid biosynthesis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: May 27, 2023

Abstract Cannabis sativa aromatic prenyltransferase 4 ( CsPT4 ) and 1 CsPT1 have been shown to catalyze cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) biosynthesis, a step that rate-limits the cannabinoid biosynthetic pathway; both genes are highly expressed in flowers. promoter driven β-glucuronidase (GUS) activities were detected leaves of cannabis seedlings, strong associated with glandular trichomes. Hormonal regulation is poorly understood. An silico analysis promoters identified putative hormone responsive elements. Our work examines hormone-responsive elements context physiological responses pathway planta. Dual luciferase assays confirmed by hormones. Further studies salicylic (SA) demonstrated SA pretreatment increased expression located downstream pathway. The results from all aspects this study an interaction between certain hormones synthesis. provides information relevant plant biology, as we present evidence demonstrating correlations molecular mechanisms regulate gene influence chemotypes.

Language: Английский

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Antibacterial activity of medicinal plants and their role in wound healing

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: May 13, 2024

Abstract Background The study of plant-based medications, or phytomedicine, involves a wide spectrum biological activities. Due to the existence secondary metabolites, herbal medicine has been used and practiced throughout history for treatment both acute chronic conditions. Over past century so, numerous novel compounds with medicinal potential have derived from plants. In age growing super infections emergence resistant strains, natural medicines are inspiring optimism. Main body abstract review discusses role as antibacterial agents their use in wound care management wounds critical metabolites plants fighting bacterial infections. Some such St. John’s wort (SJW) ( Hypericum perforatum ), Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis Ginger Zingiber officinale nopal cactus Opuntia ficusindica L. )) also possess range activities can give synergistic effect if combined antibiotics. addition, biopolymers play an important well physiological processes skin (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodelling). Method A narrative papers relevant phytomedicine treating was conducted by using electronic databases PubMed, CrossREF, Google Scholar. Short conclusion Phytomedicine is one top options illnesses millions people around world. To learn about bioactive components plants, medical benefits, additive effects enhance action substantial new studies still needed. Graphical

Language: Английский

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