Phenotypic effects of mutations observed in the neuraminidase of human origin H5N1 influenza A viruses DOI Creative Commons
David Scheibner,

Ahmed H. Salaheldin,

Ola Bagato

et al.

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. e1011135 - e1011135

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Global spread and regional endemicity of H5Nx Goose/Guangdong avian influenza viruses (AIV) pose a continuous threat for poultry production zoonotic, potentially pre-pandemic, transmission to humans. Little is known about the role mutations in viral neuraminidase (NA) that accompanied bird-to-human support AIV infection mammals. Here, after detailed analysis NA sequence human H5N1 viruses, we studied A46D, L204M, S319F S430G virus fitness vitro vivo . Although carrying avian- or human-like NAs had similar replication efficiency cells, enhanced airway epithelia. The L204M substitution consistently reduced activity nine other groups 1 2, indicating universal effect. Compared ancestor, has less incorporated virion, levels RNA expression. We also demonstrate increased accumulation at plasma membrane, release cell-to-cell spread. Furthermore, binding human-type receptors. While not affecting high virulence chickens, modulated mice lesser extent ferrets. Together, play different roles mammals without chickens. These results are important understand genetic determinants should assist prediction with zoonotic potential.

Language: Английский

Saliva: potential diagnostic value and transmission of 2019-nCoV DOI Creative Commons
Ruoshi Xu,

Bomiao Cui,

Xiaobo Duan

et al.

International Journal of Oral Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: April 17, 2020

Abstract 2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak COVID-19 now. Saliva, biofluid largely generated from salivary glands in oral cavity, been nucleic acid positive. Besides lungs, tongue are possibly another hosts due to expression ACE2. Close contact or short-range transmission infectious saliva droplets is primary mode for disseminate as claimed by WHO, while long-distance aerosol highly environment dependent within indoor space with aerosol-generating procedures such dental practice. So far, no direct evidence found that vital air flow long time. Therefore, prevent formation droplets, thoroughly disinfect block acquisition could slow down dissemination. This review summarizes diagnostic value 2019-nCoV, invasion into tissues, close expecting contribute control.

Language: Английский

Citations

402
Structures of influenza A virus RNA polymerase offer insight into viral genome replication DOI
Haitian Fan, Alexander P. Walker, L. Carrique

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 573(7773), P. 287 - 290

Published: Sept. 4, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

194
COVID-19 and possible links with Parkinson’s disease and parkinsonism: from bench to bedside DOI Creative Commons
David Sulzer, Angelo Antonini, Valentina Leta

et al.

npj Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Aug. 20, 2020

Abstract This Viewpoint discusses insights from basic science and clinical perspectives on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)/severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the brain, with a particular focus Parkinson’s disease. Major points include that neuropathology studies have not answered central issue of whether virus enters nervous system neurons, astrocytes or microglia, brain vascular cell types express yet been identified. Currently, there is no clear evidence for human neuronal astrocyte expression angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), major receptor viral entry, but ACE2 may be activated by inflammation, comparison healthy infected brains important. In contrast to 1918 influenza pandemic avian flu, reports encephalopathy COVID-19 slow emerge, are so far documented parkinsonism apart single case report. We recommend consensus guidelines treatment patients COVID-19. While role causing exacerbating appears unlikely at this time, aggravation specific motor non-motor symptoms has reported, it will important monitor subjects after recovery, particularly those persisting hyposmia.

Language: Английский

Citations

165
Inventory of molecular markers affecting biological characteristics of avian influenza A viruses DOI Creative Commons
Annika Suttie, Yi‐Mo Deng, Andrew R. Greenhill

et al.

Virus Genes, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 55(6), P. 739 - 768

Published: Aug. 19, 2019

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulate globally, spilling over into domestic poultry and causing zoonotic infections in humans. Fortunately, AIVs are not yet capable of sustained human-to-human infection; however, still a high risk as future pandemic strains, especially if they acquire further mutations that facilitate human infection and/or increase pathogenesis. Molecular characterization sequencing data for known genetic markers associated with AIV adaptation, transmission, antiviral resistance allows fast, efficient assessment risk. Here we summarize update the current knowledge on experimentally verified molecular involved pathogenicity, receptor binding, replicative capacity, transmission both mammals broad focus to include available other subtypes outside A/H5N1 A/H7N9.

Language: Английский

Citations

154
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infections in pinnipeds and seabirds in Uruguay: Implications for bird–mammal transmission in South America DOI Creative Commons
Gonzalo Tomás,

Ana Marandino,

Yanina Panzera

et al.

Virus Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b have caused unprecedented deaths in South American wild birds, poultry, and marine mammals. In September 2023, pinnipeds seabirds appeared dead on the Uruguayan Atlantic coast. Sixteen virus strains were characterized by real-time reverse transcription PCR genome sequencing samples from sea lions (

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in dairy cattle: origin, evolution, and cross-species transmission DOI Creative Commons
Elsayed M. Abdelwhab, Mahmoud M. Naguib, Aitor Nogales

et al.

mBio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Since the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b as a novel reassortant from subtype H5N8, has led to massive number outbreaks worldwide in wild and domestic birds. Compared parental HPAIV H5N8 2.3.4.4b, displayed an increased ability escape species barriers infect multiple mammalian species, including humans. The host range been recently expanded include ruminants, particularly dairy cattle United States, where cattle-to-cattle transmission was reported. As with 2.3.4.4.b viruses, cattle-infecting found transmit other contact animals cats, raccoons, rodents, opossums, poultry. Although replication cows appears be mainly confined mammary tissue, high levels viral loads detected milk, infected cats poultry showed severe respiratory disease, neurologic signs, eventually died. Furthermore, several human infections have also reported farm workers were attributed exposures cattle. This is believed represent first mammalian-to-human report H5N1. Fortunately, infection humans cows, opposed animals, mild most cases. Nevertheless, bovine outbreak represents largest mammal close humans, increasing risk that this already adapted further adapts human-to-human starts pandemic. Herein, we discuss epidemiology, evolution, pathogenesis, potential impact identified States. Eventually, interdisciplinary cooperation under One Health framework required able control ongoing stop it before expansion its geographical distribution.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Innate Immune Sensing of Influenza A Virus DOI Creative Commons
Gaurav Malik,

Yan Zhou

Viruses, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 755 - 755

Published: July 14, 2020

Influenza virus infection triggers host innate immune response by stimulating various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Activation of these PRRs leads to the activation a plethora signaling pathways, resulting in production interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines, followed expression interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), recruitment cells, or programmed cell death. All antiviral approaches collectively restrict viral replication inside host. However, influenza also engages multiple mechanisms subvert responses. In this review, we discuss role such as Toll-like (TLRs), Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), NOD-, LRR-, pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), Z-DNA binding 1 (ZBP1) sensing restricting infection. Further, utilizes, especially non-structure proteins NS1, PB1-F2, PA-X, evade

Language: Английский

Citations

82
Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept DOI Creative Commons
Ravendra P. Chauhan, Zelalem G. Dessie, Ayman Noreddin

et al.

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 301 - 301

Published: April 20, 2020

Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases are of great public health concern. The recent emergence Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 China, which causes COVID-19 disease humans, its current spread to several countries, leading the first pandemic history be caused by a coronavirus, highlights significance zoonotic diseases. Rift Valley fever, rabies, West Nile, chikungunya, dengue, yellow Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic Ebola, influenza viruses among many other have been reported from different African countries. paucity information, lack knowledge, limited resources, climate change, coupled with cultural traditions make continent hotspot for vector-borne diseases, may globally. Currently, there is no information available on status virus Africa. This systematic review about including findings will help us understand trend emerging within continent. recommend active surveillance strict implementation One Health measures Africa improve human reduce possibility potential pandemics due viruses.

Language: Английский

Citations

75
Cell death pathways and viruses: Role of microRNAs DOI Creative Commons
Javid Sadri Nahand, Layla Shojaie, Seyed Amirreza Akhlagh

et al.

Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24, P. 487 - 511

Published: March 20, 2021

Viral infections lead to the death of more than a million people each year around world, both directly and indirectly. Viruses interfere with many cell functions, particularly critical pathways for death, by affecting various intracellular mediators. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are major example these mediators because they involved in (if not most) cellular mechanisms. Virus-regulated miRNAs have been implicated three pathways, namely, apoptosis, autophagy, anoikis. Several molecules (e.g., BECN1 B lymphoma 2 [BCL2] family members) apoptosis while activation anoikis leads similar apoptosis. These mechanistic similarities suggest that common regulators, including some miR-21 miR-192), different pathways. Because balance between proliferation is pivotal homeostasis human body, regulate drawn much attention from researchers. regulated several viruses can affect via modulating targets, such as PDCD4, PTEN, interleukin (IL)-12, Maspin, Fas-L. miR-34 be downregulated viral infection has effects on depending type virus and/or host cell. The present review summarizes existing knowledge virus-regulated modulation Understanding mechanisms virus-mediated regulation could provide valuable information improve diagnosis treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

72
Innate Immune Responses to Influenza Virus Infections in the Upper Respiratory Tract DOI Creative Commons
Edin Mifsud, Miku Kuba, Ian Barr

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 2090 - 2090

Published: Oct. 17, 2021

The innate immune system is the host’s first line of defence against any invading pathogen. To establish an infection in a human host influenza virus must replicate epithelial cells upper respiratory tract. However, there are several mechanisms place to stop from reaching cells. In addition limiting viral replication and dissemination, also activates adaptive leading clearance, enabling return normal homeostasis. overzealous or response can be associated with immunopathology aid secondary bacterial infections lower tract pneumonia. this review, we discuss utilised by limit damage caused viruses on tissues how these very same protective responses cause immunopathology.

Language: Английский

Citations

65