Towards Understanding and Identification of Human Viral Co-Infections DOI Creative Commons
Hui Wu, Hangyu Zhou, Heng Zheng

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 673 - 673

Published: April 25, 2024

Viral co-infections, in which a host is infected with multiple viruses simultaneously, are common the human population. Human viral co-infections can lead to complex interactions between and immune system, affecting clinical outcome posing challenges for treatment. Understanding types, mechanisms, impacts, identification methods of crucial prevention control diseases. In this review, we first introduce significance studying summarize current research progress gaps field. We then classify into four types based on pathogenic properties species involved. Next, discuss molecular mechanisms focusing virus–virus interactions, responses, manifestations. also experimental computational emphasizing latest advances high-throughput sequencing bioinformatics approaches. Finally, highlight future directions co-infection research, aiming provide new insights strategies prevention, control, diagnosis, treatment This review provides comprehensive overview knowledge perspectives underscores need interdisciplinary collaboration address important topic.

Language: Английский

Convergent Evolution in SARS-CoV-2 Spike Creates a Variant Soup from Which New COVID-19 Waves Emerge DOI Open Access
Daniele Focosi, Rodrigo Quiroga, Scott A. McConnell

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2264 - 2264

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

The first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic were mainly characterized by recurrent mutations SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein at residues K417, L452, E484, N501 and P681 emerging independently across different variants concern (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta). Such homoplasy is a marker convergent evolution. Since Spring 2022 third year pandemic, with advent Omicron its sublineages, evolution has led to observation lineages acquiring an additional group amino acid residues, namely R346, K444, N450, N460, F486, F490, Q493, S494. Mutations these have become increasingly prevalent during Summer Autumn 2022, combinations showing increased fitness. most likely reason for this convergence selective pressure exerted previous infection- or vaccine-elicited immunity. accelerated caused failure all anti-Spike monoclonal antibodies, including bebtelovimab cilgavimab. While we are learning how fast coronaviruses can mutate recombine, should reconsider opportunities economically sustainable escape-proof combination therapies, refocus antibody-mediated therapeutic efforts on polyclonal preparations that less allow viral immune escape.

Language: Английский

Citations

121
SARS-CoV-2 biology and host interactions DOI
Silvio Steiner, Annika Kratzel, G. Tuba Barut

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 206 - 225

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

79
Global SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance: What we have learned (so far) DOI Creative Commons
Stephane Tosta, Keldenn Melo Farias Moreno,

Gabriel Schuab

et al.

Infection Genetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 105405 - 105405

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant challenges for genomic surveillance strategies in public health systems worldwide. During the past thirty-four months, many countries faced several epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2 infections, driven mainly by emergence and spread novel variants. In that line, been a crucial toolkit to study real-time evolution, assessment optimization diagnostic assays, improve efficacy existing vaccines. pandemic, identification emerging lineages carrying lineage-specific mutations (particularly those Receptor Binding domain) showed how these might significantly impact viral transmissibility, protection from reinfection vaccination. So far, an unprecedented number genomes released databases (i.e., GISAID, NCBI), achieving 14 million genome sequences available as early-November 2022. present review, we summarise global landscape during first months circulation evolution. It demonstrates urgency importance sustained investment timely identify any potential pathogen or associated variants, which turn is key preparedness.

Language: Английский

Citations

54
The Omicron variant of concern: Diversification and convergent evolution in spike protein, and escape from anti-Spike monoclonal antibodies DOI
Daniele Focosi, Scott A. McConnell, Arturo Casadevall

et al.

Drug Resistance Updates, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 100882 - 100882

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Neutralisation sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1 lineage DOI
Prerna Arora, Anne Cossmann, Sebastian Schulz

et al.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 147 - 148

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

40
Genome‐based comparison between the recombinant SARS‐CoV‐2 XBB and its parental lineages DOI Creative Commons
Fabio Scarpa, Daria Sanna,

Ilenia Azzena

et al.

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(3)

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

Abstract Recombination is the main contributor to RNA virus evolution, and SARS‐CoV‐2 during pandemic produced several recombinants. The most recent recombinant lineage labeled XBB, also known as Gryphon, which arose from BJ.1 BM.1.1.1. Here we performed a genome‐based survey aimed compare new with its parental lineages that never became dominant. Genetic analyses indicated XBB first descendant XBB.1 show an evolutionary condition typical of blind background no further epidemiologically relevant descendant. variability expansion capabilities are slightly higher than lineages. Bayesian Skyline Plot indicates reached plateau around October 6, 2022 after initial rapid growth viral population size did not expand, November 10, levels genetic decreased. Simultaneously reduction size, increase sub‐lineage occurred, in turn 9, showing kind vicariance direct progenitors. Structure analysis affinity for ACE2 surface XBB/XBB.1 RBDs weaker BA.2 RBD. In conclusion, at present do evidence about particular danger or high capability. Genome‐based monitoring must continue uninterrupted individuate if mutations can make more dangerous generate subvariants different

Language: Английский

Citations

35
Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 recombinants and emerging Omicron sublineages DOI Creative Commons
Yuliang Wang,

Yiyin Long,

Feng Wang

et al.

International Journal of Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 151 - 162

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is currently the predominant circulating variant in COVID-19 pandemic. dominating sublineages respond to host immune pressure and develop advantageous mutations or genetic recombination, which result variants that are more contagious better at escaping responses response previous infection vaccination. Meanwhile, multiple recombination events have been reported coinfection cases, majority of resulted from between co-circulating BA.1 (or BA.1.1) Delta BA.2. Here, we review knowledge characterization for population level, provide an update on occurrence newly sublineages, discuss effectiveness novel vaccines/therapeutic drugs against variant.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Current Progress, Challenges and Prospects in the Development of COVID-19 Vaccines DOI
Congrui Zhu,

Shengmei Pang,

Jiaqi Liu

et al.

Drugs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 84(4), P. 403 - 423

Published: April 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Zoonosis and zooanthroponosis of emerging respiratory viruses DOI Creative Commons
Ahmed Magdy Khalil, Luis Martínez‐Sobrido,

Ahmed Mostafa

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Lung infections in Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) are triggered by a variety of respiratory viruses. All human pandemics have been caused the members two major virus families, namely Orthomyxoviridae (influenza A viruses (IAVs); subtypes H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2) Coronaviridae (severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS−CoV−2). These acquired some adaptive changes known intermediate host including domestic birds (IAVs) or unknown (SARS-CoV-2) following transmission from their natural reservoirs (e.g. migratory bats, respectively). Verily, these substitutions facilitated crossing species barriers to infect humans phenomenon that is as zoonosis. Besides, aided variant strain transmit horizontally other contact non-human animal pets wild animals (zooanthroponosis). Herein we discuss main zoonotic reverse-zoonosis events occurred during last influenza A/H1N1 SARS-CoV-2. We also highlight impact interspecies pandemic on evolution possible prophylactic therapeutic interventions. Based information available presented this review article, it important close monitoring viral zoonosis reverse strains within One-Health One-World approach mitigate unforeseen risks, such resistance limited

Language: Английский

Citations

9
A review of the influence of environmental pollutants (microplastics, pesticides, antibiotics, air pollutants, viruses, bacteria) on animal viruses DOI
Tong Li, Ruiheng Liu, Qian Wang

et al.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 468, P. 133831 - 133831

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9