Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on negative symptoms and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 333, P. 115728 - 115728

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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New Therapeutic Targets and Drugs for Schizophrenia Beyond Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 20, P. 607 - 620

Published: March 1, 2024

Schizophrenia is a disease with complex pathological mechanism that influenced by multiple genes. The study of its pathogenesis dominated the dopamine hypothesis, as well other hypotheses such 5-hydroxytryptamine glutamate immune-inflammatory gene expression abnormality and neurodevelopmental hypothesis. first generation antipsychotics was developed based on dopaminergic receptor antagonism, which blocks D2 receptors in brain to exert antipsychotic effects. second acts dual blockade receptors. From third onwards, therapeutic targets for schizophrenia expanded beyond explore partial agonism effects new D3, 5-HT1A, 5-HT7, mGlu2/3 main advantages over first-generation are reduction side improvement negative symptoms, even though third-generation do not directly block receptors, modulation transmitter system still an important part their process. According recent research, several including 5-hydroxytryptamine, glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, acetylcholine norepinephrine, play role development schizophrenia. Therefore, focus developing drugs has shifted towards or inhibition these Specifically, NMDARs stimulants, GABA agonists, mGlu modulators, cholinergic 5-HT2C agonists alpha-2 modulators become direction. Animal experiments have confirmed drugs, but pharmacokinetics clinical applicability require further exploration. Research alternative receptor, potential treatment options gives way address challenge refractory This article aims provide comprehensive overview research medications schizophrenia, offering valuable insights both this field.

Language: Английский

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New clues for the role of cerebellum in schizophrenia and the associated cognitive impairment

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: May 10, 2024

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder associated with severe cognitive dysfunction. Although research has mainly focused on forebrain abnormalities, emerging results support the involvement of cerebellum in SZ physiopathology, particularly Cognitive Impairment Associated (CIAS). Besides its role motor learning and control, implicated cognition emotion. Recent suggests that structural functional changes are linked to deficits various domains including attention, working memory, decision-making. Moreover, cerebellar dysfunction related altered circuit activities connectivity brain regions processing. This review delves into CIAS. We initially consider major alterations CIAS, addressing impairments neurotransmitter systems, synaptic plasticity, connectivity. then focus recent findings showing several mechanisms also communication impaired. evidence implicates as key component circuits underpinning CIAS physiopathology. Further studies warranted might open new perspectives toward understanding physiopathology effective treatment these disorders.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Gasotransmitter-Dependent Signaling Mechanisms in Apoptotic Cell Death in Cardiovascular, Rheumatic, Kidney, and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Mental Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 6014 - 6014

Published: March 23, 2023

Cardiovascular, rheumatic, kidney, and neurodegenerative diseases mental disorders are a common cause of deterioration in the quality life up to severe disability death worldwide. Many pathological conditions, including this group diseases, based on increased cell through apoptosis. It is known that process associated with signaling pathways controlled by gaseous molecules called gasotransmitters. They unique messengers can control apoptosis at different stages its implementation. However, their role regulation apoptotic these conditions often controversial not completely clear. This review analyzes nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sulfur dioxide (SO2) cardiovascular, diseases. The processes involved schizophrenia, bipolar, depressive, anxiety also considered. gasotransmitters largely determined specificity concentration. NO has greatest dualism; scales more prone At same time, CO, H2S, SO2 cytoprotective processes.

Language: Английский

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Variations of plasma oxidative stress levels in male patients with chronic schizophrenia. Correlations with psychopathology and matrix metalloproteinase-9: a case-control study

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Background Accumulating evidence has indicated that oxidative stress (OS) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) may contribute to the mechanism of schizophrenia. In present study, we aimed evaluate associations OS parameters MMP-9 levels with psychopathological symptoms in male chronic schizophrenia patients. Methods This study was an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective case-control study. Plasma hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O ), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), serum (MMP-9), tissue inhibitors metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) were assayed 80 patients matched healthy controls. Schizophrenia assessed by Positive Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Multivariate regression used analyze relationships between MMP-9, clinical symptoms. Results Our results demonstrated antioxidant enzymes, SOD, GSH-Px, H , MDA significantly decreased, whereas CAT increased schizophrenia, when compared controls (all P < 0.05). patients, correlation analyses showed positively correlated PANSS positive scores, significant negatively negative scores total However, did not find played interaction role subscales > Conclusions alterations plasma associated psychopathology suggesting neuroinflammation play important

Language: Английский

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Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 28, 2024

Environmental pollution exposures, including air, soil, water, light, and noise pollution, are critical issues that may implicate adverse mental health outcomes. Extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods, wildfires, droughts, also cause long-term severe concerns. However, the knowledge about possible psychiatric disorders associated with these exposures is currently not well disseminated. In this review, we aim to summarize current on impact of environmental extreme conditions health, focusing anxiety spectrum disorders, autism schizophrenia, depression. air studies, increased concentrations PM2.5, NO2, SO2 were most strongly exacerbation anxiety, depression symptoms. We provide an overview suggested underlying pathomechanisms involved. highlight pathogenesis pollution-related diseases multifactorial, oxidative stress, systematic inflammation, disruption blood-brain barrier, epigenetic dysregulation. Light correlated risk neurodegenerative particularly Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, soil water discussed. Such compounds crude oil, heavy metals, natural gas, agro-chemicals (pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers), polycyclic or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), solvents, lead (Pb), asbestos detrimental health. linked namely PTSD. Several policy recommendations awareness campaigns should be implemented, advocating for advancement high-quality urbanization, mitigation and, consequently, enhancement residents’

Language: Английский

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Emerging epigenetic dynamics in gut-microglia brain axis: experimental and clinical implications for accelerated brain aging in schizophrenia

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: May 15, 2023

Brain aging, which involves a progressive loss of neuronal functions, has been reported to be premature in probands affected by schizophrenia (SCZ). Evidence shows that SCZ and accelerated aging are linked changes epigenetic clocks. Recent cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging analyses have uncovered reduced brain reserves connectivity patients with compared typically individuals. These data may indicate early abnormalities function following cyto-architectural alterations SCZ. The current mechanistic knowledge on changes, their neuropsychiatric disease association remains incomplete. With this review, we explore summarize evidence the dynamics gut-resident bacteria can modulate molecular contribute age-related neurodegenerative disorders. It is known environmental factors such as mode birth, dietary habits, stress, pollution, infections microbiota system regulate intrinsic activity through vagus nerve enteric nervous system. Microbiota-derived molecules trigger continuous activation microglial sensome, groups receptors proteins permit microglia remodel neurochemistry based complex activities. This remodeling causes aberrant plasticity fetal developmental stages, after onset first-episode psychosis. In central system, microglia, resident immune surveillance cells, involved neurogenesis, phagocytosis synapses neurological dysfunction. Here, review recent emerging experimental clinical regarding gut-brain axis involvement pathology etiology, hypothesis reserve induced infections, other factors. We also include our possibilities consequences gut dysbiosis activities dysfunction, together effects antipsychotics microbiome: therapeutic adverse effects, role fecal transplant psychobiotics sensomes, SCZ-derived aging. end suggestions applicable setting. For example, propose might antipsychotic-induced benefits or well reduce process axis. Overall, hope will help increase understanding pathogenesis related chronobiology microbiome, reveal new concepts serve novel treatment targets for

Language: Английский

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Downregulation of miR-29a as a possible diagnostic biomarker for schizophrenia

Molecular Biology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(1)

Published: May 5, 2024

Abstract Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic factors regulating many genes involved in brain development. Dysregulation of miRNA could result dysregulation which may contribute to diseases affecting the and behavior (e.g., schizophrenia). miR-29 family is a contributing maturation. knockout animal studies reported correlate with psychiatric disorders very similar those seen schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed evaluate miR-29a level patients schizophrenia its potential value diagnosis Materials methods The serum sample 42 40 healthy subjects were obtained from Azeri Recent onset/Acute phase psychosis Survey (ARAS) Cohort study. After preparations, expression was investigated by real-time PCR. SPSS GraphPad prism software used analyze relation between clinical parameters as biomarker for Results Our study showed significantly lower compared controls ( p = 0.0012). Furthermore, some types 0.024). not related sex, age, or heredity > 0.05). also 80% specificity 71.43% sensitivity Conclusion Downregulation development illness. It might have

Language: Английский

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Statins as an adjuvant therapy for patients with schizophrenia: An up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis

General Hospital Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89, P. 75 - 83

Published: May 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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Co-expression of prepulse inhibition and schizophrenia genes in the mouse and human brain

Neuroscience Applied, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 104075 - 104075

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder with genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Accumulating rare genome-wide association study (GWAS) common risk variant information has yet to yield robust mechanistic insight. Leveraging large-scale gene deletion mouse phenomic data thus potential functionally interrogate prioritize human disease genes. To this end, we applied cross-species network-based approach parse an extensive set (188 genes) associated disrupted prepulse inhibition (PPI), endophenotype. Integrating PPI genes high-resolution brain transcriptomic data, identified functional coherent co-expression modules through hierarchical clustering weighted network analysis (WGCNA). In two modules, converged based on telencephalic patterning. The neuronal were highly expressed in cingulate cortex- hippocampus; implicated synaptic function neurotransmission overlapped the greatest proportion of variants. Concordant neuroanatomical patterning revealed novel core Schizophrenia-relevant consistent Omnigenic hypothesis traits. Among other discussed, developmental post-synaptic scaffold TANC2 (Tetratricopeptide repeat, ankyrin repeat coiled-coil containing 2) emerged from both networks as driver altering PPI. Aspects comorbidity heterogeneity are also explored. Overall, provides framework galvanizes value preclinical genetics existing candidate druggable targets.

Language: Английский

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