Reproduction in Domestic Animals,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
54(5), P. 795 - 803
Published: Feb. 26, 2019
Dogs
have
undergone
an
intensive
artificial
selection
process
ever
since
the
beginning
of
their
relationship
with
humans.
As
a
consequence,
wide
variety
well-defined
breeds
exist
today.
Due
to
enormous
variation
in
dog
phenotypes
and
unlikely
chance
gene
exchange
between
them,
question
arises
as
whether
they
should
still
be
regarded
single
species
or,
perhaps,
considered
different
taxa
that
possess
reproductive
traits.
The
aim
this
study
was
therefore
characterize
some
male
traits,
focusing
on
kinematic
characteristics
spermatozoa
from
several
breeds.
Thirty-seven
dogs
following
were
used:
Staffordshire
Bull
Terrier,
Labrador
Retriever,
Spanish
Mastiff,
Valencian
Rat
Hunting
Dog,
British
Bulldog
Chihuahua.
Semen
samples
obtained
via
manual
stimulation
diluted
final
sperm
concentration
50
million/ml,
subsequently
analysed
by
computer
assisted
semen
analysis
(CASA-Mot)
ISAS®
v1
system.
Eight
parameters
evaluated
automatically.
All
showed
significant
values
among
individuals
within
each
breed.
fastest
cells
those
Terriers
slowest
recorded
Chihuahuas.
intra-male
coefficient
(CV)
higher
than
inter-male
CV
for
all
Terrier
showing
lowest
values.
When
taking
into
consideration
animal
breed,
discriminant
analyses
high
capability
predict
Cluster
hierarchical
classification
very
close
after
phylogenetic
studies
genome
markers.
In
conclusion,
future
workers
bear
mind
major
differences
realize
results
cannot
extrapolated
one
another.
Because
are
associated
breed
diversity,
may
represent
good
model
examine
changes
processes.
Physiological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
102(1), P. 7 - 60
Published: April 21, 2021
The
spermatozoon
is
a
highly
differentiated
and
polarized
cell,
with
two
main
structures:
the
head,
containing
haploid
nucleus
acrosomal
exocytotic
granule,
flagellum,
which
generates
energy
propels
cell;
both
structures
are
connected
by
neck.
sperm’s
aim
to
participate
in
fertilization,
thus
activating
development.
Despite
this
common
bauplan
function,
there
an
enormous
diversity
structure
performance
of
sperm
cells.
For
example,
mammalian
spermatozoa
may
exhibit
several
head
patterns
overall
lengths
ranging
from
∼30
350
µm.
Mechanisms
transport
female
tract,
preparation
for
recognition
interaction
oocyte
also
show
considerable
variation.
There
has
been
much
interest
understanding
origin
diversity,
evolutionary
terms
relation
mechanisms
underlying
differentiation
testis.
Here,
relationships
between
function
examined
at
levels:
first,
analyzing
selective
forces
that
drive
changes
physiology
understand
adaptive
values
variation
impact
on
male
reproductive
success
second,
examining
cellular
molecular
formation
testis
explain
how
can
give
rise
such
wide
array
forms
functions.
Reproduction in Domestic Animals,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
60(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Sperm
morphology
is
an
important
component
of
dog
fertility
analysis.
Visual
examination
the
gold
standard
technique
for
evaluation,
but
large
variations
within
and
across
evaluators
have
been
documented.
Databases
sperm
images
are
valuable
practical
aids
training
performance
testing
can
improve
classification
standardisation;
however,
such
databases
only
useful
when
material
expertly
classified
to
serve
as
a
reference.
The
objective
this
study
was
build
annotated
database
generate
illustrated
guide
with
examples
different
presentations
promote
standardisation
in
classification.
Semen
samples
(
n
=
42)
were
obtained
either
from
dogs
presented
evaluation
or
semen
doses
used
artificial
insemination.
For
image
acquisition,
wet
preparations
prepared
evaluated
using
phase‐contrast
optics
under
1000×
magnification.
Selected
cropped
so
that
one
included
each
file,
8817
created.
by
three
veterinarians,
specialists
animal
reproduction
(Diplomates
American
College
Theriogenologists)
according
criteria.
Agreement
among
criterion
create
reconciled
Complete
agreement
on
defect
category
morphological
observed
70.2%
images,
at
least
two
veterinarians
agreed
another
27.4%
images;
therefore,
based
consensus
97.5%
images.
percentage
morphologically
normal
57%,
primary
involving
head,
midpiece,
tail
18%,
20%,
5%
cases,
respectively.
Among
defective
sperm,
39%
had
single
4%
multiple
defects.
When
total
prevalence
specific
defects
computed,
contained
18%
head
abnormalities,
22%
midpiece
7%
abnormalities.
Comprehensive
illustrations
variation
abnormal
built
expert
provided
Reproduction Fertility and Development,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
30(6), P. 875 - 875
Published: Jan. 1, 2018
Since
the
advent
of
computer-aided
sperm
analysis
(CASA)
some
four
decades
ago,
advances
in
computer
technology
and
software
algorithms
have
helped
establish
it
as
a
research
diagnostic
instrument
for
spermatozoa.
Despite
mammalian
spermatozoa
being
most
diverse
cell
type
known,
CASA
is
great
tool
that
has
capacity
to
provide
rapid,
reliable
objective
quantitative
assessment
quality.
This
paper
provides
contemporary
findings
illustrating
scientific
commercial
applications
its
ability
evaluate
(human,
primates,
rodents,
domestic
mammals,
wildlife
species)
at
both
structural
functional
levels.
The
potential
quantitatively
measure
essential
aspects
related
subpopulations,
hyperactivation,
morphology
morphometry
also
demonstrated.
Furthermore,
are
provided
improved
quality
assessment,
evaluation
functionality
effect
different
chemical
substances
or
pathologies
on
fertilising
ability.
It
clear
evolved
significantly
currently
superior
many
manual
techniques
clinical
setting.
Reproduction Fertility and Development,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
30(6), P. 924 - 924
Published: Jan. 1, 2018
Sperm
motility
is
one
of
the
most
significant
parameters
in
prediction
male
fertility.
Until
now,
both
analysis
using
an
optical
microscope
and
computer-aided
sperm
(CASA-Mot)
entailed
use
counting
chambers
with
a
depth
to
20
µm.
Chamber
significantly
affects
intrinsic
movement,
leading
artificial
pattern.
For
first
time,
laser
microscopy
offers
possibility
avoiding
this
interference
movement.
The
aims
present
study
were
determine
different
patterns
observed
depths
10,
100
µm
new
holographic
approach
compare
results
obtained
20-µm
chamber
those
CASA-Mot
systems.
ISAS®3D-Track
showed
that
values
for
curvilinear
velocity
(VCL),
straight
line
velocity,
wobble
beat
cross
frequency
higher
100-µm
than
10-
chambers.
Only
VCL
positive
correlation
between
In
addition,
Bayesian
confirmed
kinematic
10
When
analyser
system
was
used,
all
parameters,
except
VCL,
ISAS®3D-Track,
but
not
relevant
after
analysis.
Finally,
almost
three
three-dimensional
recognised.
conclusion,
allows
natural
pattern
Animals,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(3), P. 305 - 305
Published: Jan. 22, 2025
Spermatozoa
are
highly
specialized
male
cells
that
characterized
by
a
unique
ability
to
move,
which
is
critical
factor
for
successful
fertilization.
The
relative
simplicity
of
motility
assessment,
especially
in
livestock,
has
made
it
widely
used
parameter
evaluating
ejaculate
quality
or
cryopreserved
semen
the
clinical
field,
and
an
advanced
tool
reproductive
physiology
toxicology
research.
Technological
advances
image
analysis
computational
methods
have
substantially
increased
its
accuracy
through
use
computer-assisted
sperm
(CASA)
minimize
subjective
bias
assessments.
Nevertheless,
this
more
objective
method
still
presents
some
significant
challenges,
including
variability
sample
preparation,
imaging
conditions,
analytical
parameters.
These
issues
contribute
inconsistency
impair
reproducibility
comparability
data
between
laboratories.
implementation
standardized
protocols,
combined
with
comprehensive
training
rigorous
evaluation,
can
serve
mitigate
emerging
inconsistencies.
In
addition,
vitro
conditions
under
CASA
analyses
performed
often
differ
significantly
from
natural
environment
female
tract
vivo.
This
review
discusses
methodologies,
issues,
limitations
using
CASA,
particular
focus
on
boar
as
important
agricultural
biomedical
model
species
system
used.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(4), P. 920 - 920
Published: March 24, 2021
The
aim
of
the
study
was
to
compare
morphometric
features
sperm
head
size
and
shape
from
Pietrain
line
Duroc
×
boar
crossbred
terminal
lines,
evaluate
their
relationship
with
reproductive
success
after
artificial
insemination
sows
produced
crossbreeding
York,
Landrace
breeds.
Semen
samples
were
collected
11
sexually
mature
boars.
Only
ejaculates
greater
than
70%
motility
rate
<15%
abnormal
used
for
inseminations
(AI)
included
in
study.
Samples
analyzed
using
an
ISAS®v1
computer-assisted
analysis
system
eight
parameters
(CASA-Morph).
Sub-populations
characterized
multivariate
procedures,
such
as
principal
component
(PC)
clustering
methods
(k-means
model).
Four
different
ejaculate
sub-populations
identified
two
PCs
that
involved
spermatozoa.
discriminant
ability
variables
predict
sow
litter
a
receiver
operating
characteristics
(ROC)
curve
analysis.
Sperm
length,
ellipticity,
elongation,
regularity
showed
significant
predictive
capacity
on
(0.59,
0.59,
0.60,
0.56
area
under
(AUC),
respectively).
not
related
size.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(10), P. 1622 - 1622
Published: May 12, 2023
Artificial
insemination
in
the
swine
industry,
as
other
species,
demands
adequate
semen
handling
and
accurate
evaluation
for
preparation
of
seminal
doses.
Sperm
concentration
motility
estimates
are
part
process
considered
important
maximizing
yield
doses
insemination.
In
this
study,
methods
were
examined
their
accuracy
estimation
boar
sperm
motility.
Assessments
carried
out
using
iSperm®,
ISAS®
v1,
Open
CASA
v2,
Accuread®
photometer.
Analyses
performed
with
v2
systems.
samples
collected
from
10
healthy
males
two
genetic
lines.
There
no
relevant
differences
between
sire
lines
when
was
assessed.
A
Bayesian
analysis
applied
to
four
used
assess
examine
whether
there
them.
Results
suggested
methods,
a
probability
relevance
(PR)
0.86-1.00.
The
iSperm®
method
revealed
higher
values
within
highest
posterior
density
region
at
95%
confidence
interval
(HPD95%)
=
167.0,
224.2
M/mL,
whereas
showed
lowest
values,
HPD95%
99.3,
155.9
M/mL.
demonstrated
reliability
measuring
compared
or
devices
given
range
confidence.
ANOVAs
three
estimation.
Overall,
found
various
but
further
studies
needed
better
characterization
these
differences.
