Review on anti-alzheimer drug development: approaches, challenges and perspectives

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(16), P. 11057 - 11088

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Alzheimer has many crucial factors that should be considered in order to get better results from clinical trials. Benzimidazole and its isosteres represent significant scaffolds for designing potential multi-target anti-alzheimer molecules.

Language: Английский

---

Gut–Brain Axis and Neuroinflammation: The Role of Gut Permeability and the Kynurenine Pathway in Neurological Disorders

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: Oct. 8, 2024

The increasing prevalence of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis presents a significant global health challenge. Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms underlying these conditions remain elusive, with current treatments primarily addressing symptoms rather than root causes. Emerging evidence suggests that gut permeability kynurenine pathway are involved in pathogenesis conditions, offering promising targets for novel therapeutic preventive strategies. Gut refers to intestinal lining's ability selectively allow essential nutrients into bloodstream while blocking harmful substances. Various factors, including poor diet, stress, infections, genetic predispositions, can compromise integrity, leading increased permeability. This condition facilitates translocation toxins bacteria systemic circulation, triggering widespread inflammation impacts via gut-brain axis. axis (GBA) is complex communication network between central nervous system. Dysbiosis, an imbalance microbiota, increase inflammation, exacerbating neuroinflammation-a key factor disorders. pathway, primary route tryptophan metabolism, significantly implicated this process. Dysregulation context leads production neurotoxic metabolites, quinolinic acid, which contribute neuronal damage progression narrative review highlights potential progress understanding mechanisms. Interventions targeting maintaining balanced microbiota through probiotics, lifestyle modifications show promise reducing neuroinflammation supporting brain health. In addition, pharmacological approaches aimed at modulating directly, inhibitors indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, offer avenues new treatments. Understanding interconnected pathways crucial developing effective strategies prevent manage

Language: Английский

---

Advances in Alzheimer's disease: A multifaceted review of potential therapies and diagnostic techniques for early detection

Neurochemistry International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 105761 - 105761

Published: May 7, 2024

Language: Английский

---

A study to determine the effect of nano-selenium and thymoquinone on the Nrf2 gene expression in Alzheimer’s disease

Future Science OA, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Alzheimer's disease is a developing public health concern in aging communities that affects sizable section of the global population. The risk increases with age; it one-third males and two-thirds women. This research attempts to assess effect nano-selenium thymoquinone on Nrf2 gene expression levels (AD). There were five identical groups 50 albino male rats: control group was healthy; an AD positive group; received (5 mg/kg); (2 both. duration treatment 4 weeks. brain tissues evaluated using real-time PCR. mean nano-selenium-treated rats, thymoquinone-treated rats given both treatments all increased significantly compared no treatment. study showed elevated AD.

Language: Английский

---

Dual Aggregations of a Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen for Enhanced Imaging of Alzheimer’s Disease

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145(50), P. 27748 - 27756

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) enables "Turn-On" imaging generally through single aggregation of the AIE luminogen (AIEgen). Dual aggregrations AIEgen might further enhance intensity and consequent sensitivity. Herein, we rationally designed a near-infrared (NIR) Ac-Trp-Glu-His-Asp-Cys(StBu)-Pra(QMT)-CBT (QMT-CBT) which, upon caspase1 (Cas1) activation, underwent CBT-Cys click reaction to form cyclic dimers QMT-Dimer (the first aggregation) assembled into nanoparticles second aggregation), turning signal "on" for enhanced Alzheimer's disease (AD). Molecular dynamics simulations validated that fluorogen QMT in QMT-NPs stacked much tighter with each other than aggregates control compound Ac-Trp-Glu-His-Asp-Cys(tBu)-Pra(QMT)-CBT (QMT-CBT-Ctrl). aggregations rendered 1.9-, 1.7-, 1.4-fold fluorescence intensities its vitro, cells, living AD mouse model, respectively. We anticipate this smart be used sensitive diagnosis clinic near future.

Language: Английский

---

Implantable Electrochemical Microsensors for In Vivo Monitoring of Animal Physiological Information

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Dec. 12, 2023

In vivo monitoring of animal physiological information plays a crucial role in promptly alerting humans to potential diseases animals and aiding the exploration mechanisms underlying human diseases. Currently, implantable electrochemical microsensors have emerged as prominent area research. These not only fulfill technical requirements for but also offer an ideal platform integration. They been extensively studied their ability monitor minimally invasive manner, characterized by bloodless, painless features, exceptional performance. The development has witnessed significant scientific technological advancements through dedicated efforts. This review commenced with comprehensive discussion construction microsensors, including materials utilized methods employed fabrication. Following this, we proceeded explore various implantation technologies microsensors. addition, overview was provided applications specifically investigation disease mechanisms. Lastly, concise conclusion conducted on recent obstacles pertaining practical implementation

Language: Английский

---

Advances in the study of IL-17 in neurological diseases and mental disorders

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Interleukin-17 (IL-17), a cytokine characteristically secreted by T helper 17 (Th17) cells, has attracted increasing attention in recent years because of its importance the pathogenesis many autoimmune or chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have shown that neurological diseases and mental disorders are closely related to immune function, varying degrees dysregulation may disrupt normal expression molecules at critical stages neural development. Starting from relevant mechanisms affecting regulation, this article reviews research progress IL-17 selected group (autism spectrum disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, depression) perspective neuroinflammation microbiota–gut–brain axis, summarizes commonalities, provides prospective outlook target application disease treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring Advancements in Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease with Molecular Assays and Animal Models

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 100, P. 102411 - 102411

Published: July 9, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Unraveling the therapeutic potential of quercetin and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide in Alzheimer's disease through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamic simulations

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 27, 2024

Abstract Quercetin is a flavonoid with notable pharmacological effects and promising therapeutic potential. plays significant role in neuroinflammation, which helps reduce Alzheimer's disease (AD) severity. (Q) quercetin 3-O-glucuronide (Q3OG) are some of the most potent antioxidants available from natural sources. However, form converted into Q3OG when reacted intestinal microbes. The study aims to ensure potential Q Q3OG. In this study, molecular targets were first identified using Swiss Target Prediction platform pathogenic AD DisGeNET database. Followed by compound target overlapping, 77 placed that AKT1, EGFR, MMP9, TNF, PTGS2, MMP2, IGF1R, MCL1, MET PARP1 was top-ranked target, estimated CytoHubba plug-in. Molecular docking performed for towards PDB:1UNQ target. binding score − 6.2 kcal/mol 6.58 respectively. dynamics simulation conducted at 200 ns. This study's results help identify multiple sites bioactive compounds. Thus, synthesizing new chemical entity-based on structural modification may aid eradicating complications.

Language: Английский

---

Distinguishing features of depression in dementia from primary psychiatric disease

Discover Mental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract Depression is a common and devastating neuropsychiatric symptom in the elderly patients with dementia. In particular, nearly 80% of Alzheimer’s Disease dementia experience depression during disease development progression. However, it unknown whether shares same molecular mechanisms as presenting primary psychiatric or occurs persists through alternative mechanisms. this review, we discuss how clinical presentation treatment differ between disease, focus on major depressive disorder. Then, hypothesize several that may be unique to such neuropathological changes, inflammation, vascular events. Finally, existing issues future directions for investigation

Language: Английский

---