Pirfenidone and Nintedanib in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Lights and Shadows

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 709 - 709

Published: May 30, 2024

Pirfenidone and Nintedanib are specific drugs used against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) that showed efficacy in non-IPF fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Both have side effects affect patients different ways levels of severity, making treatment even more challenging for clinicians. The present review aims to assess the effectiveness potential complications regimens across various ILD diseases. A detailed search was performed relevant articles published between 2018 2023 listed PubMed, UpToDate, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, supplemented with manual research. following keywords were searched databases all possible combinations: Nintedanib; Pirfenidone, disease, fibrosis. most widely accepted method evaluating progression is through decline forced vital capacity (FVC), as determined by respiratory function tests. Specifically, a decrease FVC over 6–12-month period correlates directly increased mortality rates. Antifibrotic been extensively validated; however, some reported several effects, predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms (such diarrhea, dyspepsia, vomiting), well photosensitivity skin rashes, particularly associated Pirfenidone. In cases where extremely severe threatening than disease itself, has be discontinued. However, further research needed optimize use antifibrotic agents PF-ILDs, which could slow all-cause mortality. Finally, other studies requested establish treatments can stop progression.

Language: Английский

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Applications and challenges of biomedical polymer materials in pulmonary diseases

Chinese Chemical Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111032 - 111032

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Antifibrotic Drugs against Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by COVID-19: Therapeutic Approaches and Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1562 - 1562

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the health and economy of global population. Even after recovery from disease, post-COVID-19 symptoms, such as pulmonary fibrosis, continue to be concern. This narrative review aims address fibrosis (PF) various perspectives, including fibrotic mechanisms involved in idiopathic COVID-19-induced fibrosis. On other hand, we also discuss current therapeutic drugs use, well those undergoing clinical or preclinical evaluation. Additionally, this article will biomarkers with usefulness for PF prediction, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, severity assessment order provide better treatment strategies patients disease.

Language: Английский

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Postacute Sequelae of COVID (PASC or Long COVID): An Evidenced-Based Approach

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(9)

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Abstract While the acute manifestations of infectious diseases are well known, in some individuals, symptoms can either persist or appear after period. Postviral fatigue syndromes recognized with other viral infections and described coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We have a growing number individuals that for weeks, months, years. Here, we share evidence regarding abnormalities associated postacute sequelae COVID-19 (PASC) therapeutics. describe physiological biochemical seen reporting PASC. several evidence-based interventions to offer patients. It is expected this understanding mechanisms driving PASC benefits certain therapeutics may not only lead better outcomes those but also potential treating postinfectious sequelae.

Language: Английский

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Understanding of patients with severe COVID-19 using lung ultrasound

Tuberculosis & respiratory diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Lung ultrasound (LUS) has proven valuable in the initial assessment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but its role detecting pulmonary fibrosis following intensive care remains unclear. This study aims to assess presence sequelae and fibrosis-like changes using LUS survivors severe COVID-19 pneumonia one month after discharge. We prospectively enrolled patients with who required mechanical ventilation ICU conducted assessments from admission outpatient visit tracked key findings applied our proprietary scoring system. To evaluate accuracy, we correlated measured values CT scores. evaluated B-line presence, pleural thickness, consolidation 14 eligible patients. The scores exhibited minimal changes, 19.1, 19.2, 17.5 at admission, discharge, visit, respectively. Notably, number B-lines decreased significantly, 1.92 0.56 (p < 0.05), while thickness increased 2.05 2.48 0.05). demonstrates that lung can track abnormalities through follow-up. While thickening patterns showed significant no correlation was found between HRCT These suggest may serve as a supplementary tool for assessing recovery cases.

Language: Английский

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AI-Driven Toolset for IPF and Aging Research Associates Lung Fibrosis with Accelerated Aging

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Abstract Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a condition predominantly affecting the elderly and leading to decline in lung function. Our study investigates aging-related mechanisms IPF using artificial intelligence (AI) approaches. We developed pathway-aware proteomic aging clock UK Biobank data applied it alongside specialized version of Precious3GPT (ipf-P3GPT) demonstrate an AI-driven mode research. The shows great performance cross-validation (R2=0.84) its utility validated independent dataset show that severe cases COVID-19 are associated with increased rate. Computational analysis ipf-P3GPT revealed distinct but overlapping molecular signatures between IPF, suggesting represents dysregulation rather than mere acceleration normal processes. findings establish novel connections biology pathogenesis while demonstrating potential AI-guided approaches therapeutic development for age-related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Genetic Variants in Genes Related to Lung Function and Interstitial Lung Diseases Are Associated with Worse Outcomes in Severe COVID-19 and Lung Performance in the Post-COVID-19 Condition

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2046 - 2046

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Genetic variants related to susceptibility chronic respiratory conditions such as interstitial lung disease (ILD) could share critical pathways in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and be implicated outcomes post-COVID-19. We aimed identify participation genetic function ILD genes severe post-COVID-19 condition. studied 936 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The requirement invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) acute distress syndrome (ARDS) classification were considered. mortality was assessed in-hospital death. group included 102 evaluated for pulmonary tests four times during year after discharge. Five (FAM13A rs2609255, DSP rs2076295, TOLLIP rs111521887, TERT rs2736100, THSD4 rs872471) genotyped using TaqMan assays. A multifactor dimensionality reduction method (MDR) performed epistasis estimation. rs2736100 rs872471 associated differential risk ARDS severity (moderate vs. severe, CC + CA, p = 0.044, OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.44-0.99; GG 0.034, 2.22, 1.04-4.72, respectively). These FAM13A rs2609255 also MDR analysis showed correlation this study. well-known recognized worsening disorders are performance

Language: Английский

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Evaluating pulmonary sequelae in patients recovering from COVID-19: Short- and mid term complications and correlations with initial disease severity

Multidisciplinary Science Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 2025403 - 2025403

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induced disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought about enormous morbidity, mainly in terms of function. Although the presentations symptoms have been very well described, short and mid-term pulmonary sequelae survivors are poorly characterized. This study aims to evaluate related COVID-19, focusing on impacts that virus could patients during their recovery time. prospective observational was conducted at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital from December 2020 November 2022. A total 101 discharged COVID-19 who fulfilled specific inclusion criteria were chosen. Spirometry used estimate lung function, imaging studies with X-rays high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) performed six months one year post discharge. standardized questionnaire demography, medical history, symptomatology for data collection. Out patients, majority age group 41-60 years, 61.4% males. Common presenting features cold (89.1%), fever (81.2%), cough (78.2%). Six-month follow-up revealed 87.25% had normal function tests, 26.7% persistent symptoms, primarily form exertional dyspnea. By end year, 81.37% HRCT findings. In contrast, 7% categorized as having presentation continued exhibit radiological abnormalities correlation identified between initial severity impairment, highlighting need long-term this population. highlights importance monitoring survivors, particularly concerning relationship severity. Continued research is necessary understand how may impact a patient's health well-being an extended period, guiding future clinical management care approaches managing patients.

Language: Английский

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Alveolar epithelial type 2 cell specific loss of IGFBP2 activates inflammation in COVID-19

Respiratory Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: March 22, 2025

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, our understanding of SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation in alveolar epithelial cells remains very limited. contributions intracellular insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP2) to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis are also unclear. In this study, we have uncovered a critical role for IGFBP2, specifically type (AEC2), the immunopathogenesis COVID-19. Using bulk RNA sequencing, show that IGFBP2 mRNA expression significantly downregulated primary AEC2 isolated from fibrotic lung regions patients with COVID-19-acute distress (ARDS) compared those idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) alone or IPF history multicolor immunohistochemistry, demonstrated and its selective ligands IGF1 IGF2 were reduced COVID-ARDS, alone, COVID than age-matched donor controls. Further, lentiviral Igfbp2 proinflammatory cytokines—Tnf-α, Il1β, Il6, Stat3, Stat6 chemokine receptors—Ccr2 Ccr5—in mouse challenged spike protein injury (S2; 500 ng/mL). Finally, higher levels cytokines—TNF-α; IL-6 receptor—CCR5 COVID-ARDS patients. Altogether, these data suggest anti-inflammatory properties localized delivery may serve as potential therapeutic strategy Graphical

Language: Английский

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Analysis of screen-detected pulmonary nodules before and after the novel coronavirus epidemic: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 1, 2025

To analyze the screening results for pulmonary nodules before and after COVID-19 epidemic to understand influence of on detection rate high-risk nodules. A total 18,906 chest CT scans were performed between March November 2022 2023. Subjects from December divided into pre-epidemic group, subjects 2023 post-epidemic group. The rates lung nodules, high risk different age groups, gender groups analyzed. 11513 detected during screening. 841 detected, solid was significantly higher in postepidemic group than fibrotic changes is those aged > 51 years compared 50 below. In post-COVID-19 period, there has been a significant increase This increased predominantly observed medical patients over age. However, not resulted an

Language: Английский

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