ApoB100 and Atherosclerosis: What’s New in the 21st Century?

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 123 - 123

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

ApoB is the main protein of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and further divided into ApoB48 in intestine ApoB100 liver. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) produced by liver, contains ApoB100, metabolized its remnants, intermediate-density (IDL) (LDL). has been suggested to play a crucial role formation atherogenic plaque. Apart from being biomarker atherosclerosis, seems be implicated inflammatory process atherosclerosis per se. In this review, we will focus on structure, metabolism, function as well predictor cardiovascular risk. Moreover, elaborate upon molecular mechanisms regarding pathophysiology discuss disorders associated with APOB gene mutations, potential various drugs therapeutic targets.

Language: Английский

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2024 Guidelines of the Polish Society of Laboratory Diagnostics and the Polish Lipid Association on laboratory diagnostics of lipid metabolism disorders.

Archives of Medical Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 18, 2024

Lipid disorders are the most common (even 70%) and worst monitored cardiovascular risk factor (only 1/4 of patients in Poland CEE countries on LDL-C goal). In order to improve this clear easy implement diagnostic criteria for all components lipid profile should be introduced. These updated guidelines two main scientific societies area - Polish Society Laboratory Diagnostics (PSLD) Association (PoLA), which, comparison those from 2020, introduce few important changes recommendations (two targets, new measurement, goals triglycerides, remnants sdLDL) that help practitioners early with diagnosis monitoring (after therapy initiation), consequence avoid first recurrent events.

Language: Английский

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2024 Recommendations on the Optimal Use of Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Following Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Position Paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)

Drugs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and consequent acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are substantial contributors to morbidity mortality across Europe. Fortunately, as much two thirds of this disease's burden is modifiable, in particular by lipid-lowering therapy (LLT). Current guidelines based on the sound premise that, with respect low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), "lower better for longer", recent data have strongly emphasised need also "the earlier better". In addition statins, which been available several decades, ezetimibe, bempedoic acid (also fixed dose combinations), modulators proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9 inhibitors inclisiran) additionally very effective approaches LLT, especially those at high extremely risk. real life, however, clinical practice goals still not met a proportion patients (even 70%). However, options we available, should render lipid disorders rare disease. April 2021, International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) published its first position paper optimal use LLT post-ACS patients, complemented existing management lipids following ACS, defined group "extremely high-risk" individuals outlined scenarios where upfront combination be considered improve access adherence and, consequently, therapy's effectiveness. These updated recommendations build previous work, considering developments evidential underpinning ongoing education role disorder therapy, changes availability drugs. Our aim provide guide address unmet need, clear practical advice, whilst acknowledging patient-centred care, accounting often large differences LLTs between countries.

Language: Английский

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Whether and Why Do We Need a Vaccine Against Atherosclerosis? Can We Expect It Anytime Soon?

Current Atherosclerosis Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of premature death. Lipid disorders, particularly elevated serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), contribute significantly to ASCVD. The risk developing ASCVD influenced by the duration exposure LDL-C concentrations (cholesterol-years concept). Implementing lipid-lowering treatments based on principles "the earlier better," lower and longer better" has been shown reduce extend lifespan. Despite availability numerous drugs, achieving satisfactory control lipid disorders remains very challenging. Therefore, there need for novel approaches improve treatment adherence.

Language: Английский

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Lipoprotein apheresis affects the concentration of extracellular vesicles in patients with elevated lipoprotein (a)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Abstract Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) is a therapeutic option for hyperlipoproteinemia(a) (hyper-Lp(a)) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). LA improves blood rheology, reduces oxidative stress parameters endothelial function. The underlying molecular mechanisms of beneficial effects are unknown, but it has been suggested that exhibits multiple activities beyond simply removing lipoproteins. We hypothesized removes not only lipoproteins, also extracellular vesicles (EVs). To test this hypothesis, we performed prospective study in 22 patients undergoing hyper-Lp(a) ASCVD. Different EVs subtypes were measured before directly after LA, 7 days. used calibrated flow cytometry to detect total particle concentration (diameter > ~ 100 nm), lipoproteins 200 nm, RI 1.51), EV < 1.41), concentrations derived from erythrocytes (CD235a+; diameter leukocytes (CD45+; 1.41) platelets (CD61+, PEVs; 1.41). reduced the all investigated Lp(a) was lowered by 64.5% [(58% – 71%); p 0.001]. Plasma nm (CD61 +), (CD45+) (CD235a+) decreased single procedure 42.7% [(12.8–54.7); = 0.005], 42.6% [(29.7–54.1); 0.030] 26.7% [(1.0–62.7); 0.018], respectively, compared baseline. All returned baseline plasma conclude, Lp(a), cell-derived EVs, which may contribute effects.

Language: Английский

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Monitoring of traditional atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease risk factors - is it enough to prevent premature acute coronary syndrome?

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 100866 - 100866

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Omega-3 (n-3) Fatty Acid–Statin Interaction: Evidence for a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 962 - 962

Published: March 27, 2024

Managing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) often involves a combination of lifestyle modifications and medications aiming to decrease the risk outcomes, such as myocardial infarction stroke. The aim this article is discuss possible omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid–statin interactions in prevention treatment ASCVD provide evidence consider for clinical practice, highlighting novel insights field. Statins n-3 acids (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA)) are commonly used control factors order treat ASCVD. an important lipid-lowering therapy, primarily targeting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, while address triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Both statins have pleiotropic actions which overlap, including improving endothelial function, modulation inflammation, stabilizing plaques. Thus, both potentially mitigate residual that remains beyond lipid lowering, persistent inflammation. EPA DHA substrates synthesis so-called specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), relatively recently recognized feature their ability combat Interestingly, seem promote production some SPMs, suggesting largely unrecognized interaction between with relevance Although major these signaling molecules may additional therapeutic benefits those provided by precursor themselves. In article, we accumulating supports SPMs tool statin–n-3 relevant

Language: Английский

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Uso de nuevas terapias hipolipemiantes en la práctica clínica. Consenso SEC/SEA/SEEN/SEMFYC/SEMERGEN/SEMG/SEN/SEACV/S.E.N.

REC CardioClinics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 59(4), P. 310 - 321

Published: July 18, 2024

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Comparative Efficacy of β-Carotene and Losartan Against Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis: An Experimental and Computational Studies

Journal of the American Nutrition Association, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Objective β-carotene, a vitamin A precursor is reported to inhibit molecular pathways cardinal pathogenesis of fibrotic tissue alterations and in this study, the effectiveness 14 days oral administration β-carotene (10, 20, 40 mg/kg/day) cardiac fibrosis (CF) rats was studied explored mechanisms through network pharmacology.

Language: Английский

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Prolonged Hospital Stay in Hypertensive Patients: Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors and Interactions

Nursing Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 110 - 110

Published: March 19, 2025

Background/Objectives: Arterial hypertension (HT) is a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, often contributing to prolonged lengths of hospital stay (LOHS), which place significant strain on healthcare systems. This study aimed analyze the factors associated with in patients HT, focusing key biochemical and clinical predictors. Methods: retrospective included 356 adult hospitalized Cardiology Department University Hospital Wroclaw, Poland, between January 2017 June 2021. Data collected demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, laboratory parameters. Logistic regression models were used identify predictors LOHS, defined as four or more days, evaluate interactions variables. Results: Lower levels low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) elevated concentrations high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) identified each 1 mg/dL decrease LDL-c increasing odds LOHS by 1.21% (p < 0.001) mg/L increase hsCRP raising 3.80% = 0.004). An interaction sex heart failure (HF) was also observed. Female HF had 3.995-fold higher compared females without 0.001), while no difference found among male 0.890). Conclusions: The HT include lower LDL-c, hsCRP, (HF). Specifically, female demonstrated significantly HF, this relationship not observed patients.

Language: Английский

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