Technologies,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(3), P. 38 - 38
Published: March 11, 2024
Cognitive
fatigue,
a
state
of
reduced
mental
capacity
arising
from
prolonged
cognitive
activity,
poses
significant
challenges
in
various
domains,
road
safety
to
workplace
productivity.
Accurately
detecting
and
mitigating
fatigue
is
crucial
for
ensuring
optimal
performance
minimizing
potential
risks.
This
paper
presents
comprehensive
survey
the
current
landscape
detection.
We
systematically
review
approaches,
encompassing
physiological,
behavioral,
performance-based
measures,
robust
objective
The
further
analyzes
different
challenges,
including
lack
standardized
ground
truth
need
context-aware
assessment.
aims
serve
as
valuable
resource
researchers
practitioners
seeking
understand
address
multifaceted
challenge
Frontiers in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: Feb. 21, 2019
The
number
of
research
groups
studying
the
pupil
is
increasing,
as
publications.
Consequently,
new
standards
in
pupillography
are
needed
to
formalize
methodology
including
recording
conditions,
stimulus
characteristics,
well
suitable
parameters
evaluation.
Since
description
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs)
there
has
been
an
increased
interest
and
broader
application
ophthalmology
other
fields
psychology
chronobiology.
Colour
plays
important
role
not
only
but
also
clinical
observational
therapy
studies
like
gene
hereditary
degenerations
psychopathology.
Stimuli
can
vary
size,
brightness,
duration,
wavelength.
Stimulus
paradigms
determine
whether
rhodopsin-driven
rod
responses,
opsin-driven
cone
or
melanopsin-driven
ipRGC
responses
primarily
elicited.
Background
illumination,
adaptation
state,
instruction
for
participants
will
furthermore
influence
results.
This
standard
recommends
a
minimum
set
variables
be
used
specified
publication
methodologies.
Initiated
at
32nd
International
Pupil
Colloquium
2017
Morges,
Switzerland,
aim
this
manuscript
outline
based
on
current
knowledge
experience
experts
order
achieve
greater
comparability
pupillographic
studies.
Such
particularly
facilitate
proper
by
researchers
field.
First
we
describe
general
standards,
followed
specific
suggestions
concerning
demands
different
targets
research:
afferent
efferent
reflex
arc,
pharmacology,
psychology,
sleepiness-related
animal
Behavior Research Methods,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
55(6), P. 3055 - 3077
Published: Aug. 26, 2022
Cognitive
pupillometry
is
the
measurement
of
pupil
size
to
investigate
cognitive
processes
such
as
attention,
mental
effort,
working
memory,
and
many
others.
Currently,
there
no
commonly
agreed-upon
methodology
for
conducting
cognitive-pupillometry
experiments,
approaches
vary
widely
between
research
groups
even
different
experiments
from
same
group.
This
lack
consensus
makes
it
difficult
know
which
factors
consider
when
a
experiment.
Here
we
provide
comprehensive,
hands-on
guide
methods
in
pupillometry,
with
focus
on
trial-based
measure
interest
task-evoked
response
stimulus.
We
cover
all
methodological
aspects
pupillometry:
experimental
design,
preprocessing
pupil-size
data,
statistical
techniques
deal
multiple
comparisons
testing
data.
In
addition,
code
toolboxes
(in
Python)
analysis,
illustrate
proposed
workflow
through
an
example
experiment
scripts.
The
pupillary
light
response
is
an
important
automatic
physiological
which
optimizes
reaching
the
retina.
Recent
work
has
shown
that
pupil
also
adjusts
in
to
illusory
brightness
and
a
range
of
cognitive
functions,
however,
it
remains
unclear
what
exactly
drives
these
endogenous
changes.
Here,
we
show
imagery
correlates
with
objective
measures
sensory
strength.
Further,
trial-by-trial
phenomenological
vividness
visual
tracked
by
response.
We
demonstrated
group
individuals
without
(aphantasia)
do
not
any
significant
evidence
response,
however
they
perceptual
responses
dilation
larger
load.
Our
results
provide
indexes
strength
imagery.
This
provides
first
validation
aphantasia.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17
Published: Feb. 23, 2023
Traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
results
when
external
physical
forces
impact
the
head
with
sufficient
intensity
to
cause
damage
brain.
TBI
can
be
mild,
moderate,
or
severe
and
may
have
long-term
consequences
including
visual
difficulties,
cognitive
deficits,
headache,
pain,
sleep
disturbances,
post-traumatic
epilepsy.
Disruption
of
normal
functioning
leads
a
cascade
effects
molecular
anatomical
changes,
persistent
neuronal
hyperexcitation,
neuroinflammation,
loss.
Destructive
processes
that
occur
at
cellular
level
lead
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
calcium
dysregulation,
apoptosis.
Vascular
damage,
ischemia
loss
blood
barrier
integrity
contribute
destruction
tissue.
This
review
focuses
on
incited
during
frequently
life-altering
lasting
this
vision,
cognition,
balance,
sleep.
The
wide
range
complaints
associated
are
addressed
repair
where
there
is
potential
for
intervention
preservation
highlighted.
Neuron,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
112(20), P. 3381 - 3395
Published: June 25, 2024
Pupil
size
is
a
widely
used
metric
of
brain
state.
It
one
the
few
signals
originating
from
that
can
be
readily
monitored
with
low-cost
devices
in
basic
science,
clinical,
and
home
settings.
is,
therefore,
important
to
investigate
generate
well-defined
theories
related
specific
interpretations
this
metric.
What
exactly
does
it
tell
us
about
brain?
Pupils
constrict
response
light
dilate
during
darkness,
but
also
controls
pupil
irrespective
luminosity.
fluctuations
resulting
ongoing
"brain
states"
are
as
arousal,
what
pupil-linked
arousal
how
should
interpreted
neural,
cognitive,
computational
terms?
Here,
we
discuss
some
recent
findings
these
issues.
We
identify
open
questions
propose
answer
them
through
combination
tasks,
neurocomputational
models,
neurophysiological
probing
interconnected
loops
causes
consequences
size.
