Engineered extracellular vesicle-encapsulated CHIP as novel nanotherapeutics for treatment of renal fibrosis

npj Regenerative Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Abstract Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a fundamental pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, toxicity and poor renal enrichment inhibitors limit their further applications. In this study, platform for CKD therapy developed using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) decorated mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles with carboxyl terminus Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) high expression (SPION-EVs) to achieve higher renal-targeting antifibrotic therapeutic effect. SPION-EVs selectively accumulate at the injury sites under an external magnetic field. Moreover, deliver CHIP induce Smad2/3 degradation in tubular which alleviates activation-mediated fibrosis-like changes collagen deposition. The vesicle engineering technology provides potential nanoplatform RIF through CHIP-mediated degradation.

Language: Английский

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Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in diabetic retinopathy

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 1631 - 1646

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complex complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is leading cause adult blindness.Hyperglycemia triggers DR, resulting in microvascular damage, glial apoptosis, and neuronal degeneration.Inflammation oxidative stress play crucial roles during this process.Current clinical treatments for DR primarily target the advanced retinal disorder but offer limited benefits with inevitable side effects.Extracellular vesicles (EVs) exhibit unique morphological features, contents, biological properties can be found cell culture supernatants, various body fluids, tissues.In EVs specific cargo composition would induce reaction receptor once internalized, mediating cellular communication disease progression.Increasing evidence indicates that monitoring changes EV quantity content aid diagnosis prognosis.Furthermore, extensive research investigating potential these nanoparticles as effective therapeutic agents preclinical models DR.This review explores current understanding pathological effects development, discusses their biomarkers strategies, paves way further advancements.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the therapeutic potential of Sirt6-enriched adipose stem cell-derived exosomes in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury: unfolding new epigenetic frontiers

Clinical Epigenetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Background The management of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI) presents continuous therapeutic challenges. NAD-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) plays distinct roles in various disease contexts and is hence investigated for potential applications MIRI. This study aimed to examine the impact Sirt6-overexpressing exosomes derived from adipose stem cells (S-ASC-Exo) on MIRI, focusing their influence AIM2-pyroptosis mitophagy processes. sirtuin family proteins, particularly (Sirt6), play a pivotal role these explore effects Sirt6-enriched regulating Results Bioinformatic analysis revealed significant downregulation Sirt6 MIRI subjected control group, causing consequential increase pyroptosis regulator expressions. Therefore, our that influenced progression through regulation target proteins AIM2 GSDMD, associated with pyroptosis, p62 Beclin-1, related mitophagy. introduction S-ASC-Exo inhibited while enhancing Consequently, this led reduction GSDMD cleavage endothelial cells, catalyzing deceleration atherosclerosis. Extensive vivo vitro assays were performed validate expressions specific genes which affirmed dynamic modulation by exosomes. Furthermore, treatment drastically ameliorated cardiac functions limited infarct size, underlining cardioprotective attributes. Conclusions Our underscores managing We demonstrated profound effect, evident enhanced function attenuated tissue damage, strategic Given intricate interplay between aforementioned processes, comprehensive understanding pathways essential fully exploit Sirt6. Altogether, findings indicate promise as novel strategy treating injuries cardiovascular diseases at large. Future research needs underscore optimizing balance during ischemia avoid loss normal myocytes.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes in the Real World of Medical Aesthetics: A Review

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(13), P. 2513 - 2527

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles as carriers of mRNA: Opportunities and challenges in diagnosis and treatment

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 2265 - 2289

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by all cells in the body. These biological nanoparticles facilitate cellular communication through transport of diverse cargoes, including small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids. mRNA cargoes have gained particular interest given their role translation functional proteins. As a biomarker platform, EVs can be found nearly biofluids-blood, mucus, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva-providing real-time insight into parent cell tissue function. mRNAs carried protected from degradation, resulting improved detection compared to free mRNA, recent work demonstrates promising results using these as biomarkers for cancer, neurological diseases, infectious gynecologic obstetric outcomes. Furthermore, innate cargo carrying, targeting, barrier crossing abilities EVs, structures been proposed therapeutic carriers mRNA. Recent advances demonstrate methods loading range disease indications. Here, we review studies diagnostics therapeutics. We discuss challenges associated with diagnostic applications highlight opportunities future development.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma: functions, challenges, and potential applications

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for approximately 90% of all oral cancers, significantly impacting the survival and quality life patients. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles released by cells, play a crucial role in intercellular communication cancer. Nevertheless, their function mechanism OSCC remain elusive. Search Pubmed, Web Science, Cochrane Library using keywords OSCC, exome, diagnosis, treatment to review research progress exome OSCC. Based on these results, this starting from biosynthesis, structure, contents exosomes, elaborates exosomes diagnosis It explores potential briefly describes challenges researchers currently face.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicle-embedded materials

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 361, P. 280 - 296

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound released by cells. EVs emerging as a promising class of therapeutic entity that could be adapted in formulation due to their lack immunogenicity and targeting capabilities. have been shown similar regenerative effects parental cells also potential disease diagnosis. To improve the EVs, researchers developed various strategies for modifying them, including genetic engineering chemical modifications which examined confer target specificity prevent rapid clearance after systematic injection. Formulation efforts focused on utilising hydrogel nano-formulation increase persistence EV localisation specific tissue or organ. Researchers used biomaterials bioscaffolds deliver directly sites prolong release exposure. This review provides an in-depth examination material design delivery systems, highlighting impact properties molecular interactions maintenance stability function. The characteristics materials designed regulate stability, rate biodistribution described. Other aspects design, modification methods discussed. aims offer understanding designing how they can formulated make transition from laboratory research clinical use.

Language: Английский

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Implications of Crosstalk between Exosome-Mediated Ferroptosis and Diseases for Pathogenesis and Treatment

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 311 - 311

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent cell death caused by ferrous iron overload, reactive oxygen species generation through the Fenton reaction, and lipid peroxidation, leading to antioxidative system dysfunction and, ultimately, membrane damage. The functional role ferroptosis in human physiology pathology considered cause or consequence diseases. Circulating exosomes mediate intercellular communication organ crosstalk. They not only transport proteins nucleic acids derived from parental cells but also serve as vehicles for targeted delivery exogenous cargo. Exosomes regulate delivering biological material recipient cell, affecting ferroptosis-related proteins, transporting ferritin-bound out cell. This review discusses pathogenesis mediated endogenous therapeutic potential In addition, this explores exosome-mediated diseases with an emphasis on strategies engineering therapy.

Language: Английский

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The role of small extracellular vesicle-miRNAs in endometriosis

Human Reproduction, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(12), P. 2296 - 2311

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Abstract Endometriosis is defined by the presence of extrauterine endometrial-like tissue, which can cause pain and infertility in 10% reproductive-age women. To date, pathogenesis poorly understood resulting significant diagnostic delays poor therapeutic outcomes many Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) (<200 nm) are cell-derived containing molecules that influence gene expression behaviour target cells. One such cargo microRNAs (miRNAs), short, non-coding RNAs mostly 19–25 nucleotides length regulate post-transcriptional expression. This mini-review focuses on role sEV-miRNAs, conceivably better biomarkers for endometriosis than free miRNAs, reflect true pathophysiological state body, as sEV-encapsulated miRNAs protected from degradation compared to miRNA provide direct cell-to-cell communication via sEV surface proteins. sEV-miRNAs have been implicated immunomodulation macrophages, proliferation, migration invasion endometrial cells, angiogenesis, all hallmarks endometriosis. The potential sEV-miRNA was investigated one study reported sensitivity specificity two (hsa-miR-22-3p hsa-miR-320a-3p) distinguishing non-endometriosis cases. Only three studies explored vivo mice—two looked into sEV-hsa-miR-214-3p decreasing fibrosis, sEV-hsa-miR-30c-5p suppressing invasive migratory endometriotic lesions. While early results encouraging, need further address factors menstrual cycle well location extent lesions sEVs. Given these findings, extrapolating other conditions cancer, diabetes, pre-eclampsia, could present an attractive urgently needed future millions women suffering However, research this area hampered lack adherence International Society Extracellular Vesicles 2018 guideline separating characterising sEVs, World Research Foundation Phenome Biobanking Harmonisation Project protocols.

Language: Английский

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Immune cell-derived extracellular vesicles for precision therapy of inflammatory-related diseases

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 368, P. 533 - 547

Published: March 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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