Comparison of Home Antigen Testing With RT-PCR and Viral Culture During the Course of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 182(7), P. 701 - 701

Published: April 29, 2022

Importance As self-collected home antigen tests become widely available, a better understanding of their performance during the course SARS-CoV-2 infection is needed. Objective To evaluate diagnostic compared with reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and viral culture by days from illness onset, as well user acceptability. Design, Setting, Participants This prospective cohort study was conducted January to May 2021 in San Diego County, California, metropolitan Denver, Colorado. The convenience sample included adults children RT-PCR–confirmed who used for 15 underwent at least 1 nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR, culture, sequencing. Exposures infection. Main Outcomes Measures primary outcome daily sensitivity detect cases. Secondary outcomes percentage test, results that were positive, test same-day RT-PCR cultures. Antigen use errors acceptability assessed subset participants. Results enrolled 225 persons (median [range] age, 29 [1-83] years; 117 female participants [52%]; 10 [4%] Asian, 6 [3%] Black or African American, 50 [22%] Hispanic Latino, 3 [1%] Native Hawaiian Other Pacific Islander, 145 [64%] White, 11 [5%] multiracial individuals) completed 3044 642 swabs. 50% (95% CI, 45%-55%) infectious period, 64% 56%-70%) 84% 75%-90%) peaked 4 after onset 77% 69%-83%). improved second 2 later, particularly early Six result positivity 61% 53%-68%). Almost all (216 [96%]) surveyed individuals reported they would be more likely get tested if available over counter. Conclusions Relevance this suggest moderate high culture. also symptomatic an initial negative should again later because several repeated testing.

Language: Английский

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Analytical Sensitivity of Eight Different SARS-CoV-2 Antigen-Detecting Rapid Tests for Omicron-BA.1 Variant

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4)

Published: Aug. 8, 2022

Sensitivity for detecting Omicron-BA.1 shows high heterogenicity between Ag-RDTs, necessitating a careful consideration when using these tests to guide infection prevention measures. Analytical and retrospective testing is proxy timely solution generate rapid performance data, but it not replacement clinical evaluations, which are urgently needed. Biological technical reasons detection failure by some Ag-RDTs need be further investigated.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Symptoms and Duration of Rapid Antigen Test Positivity at a Community Testing and Surveillance Site During Pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 Periods

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. e2235844 - e2235844

Published: Oct. 10, 2022

Characterizing the clinical symptoms and evolution of community-based SARS-CoV-2 infections may inform health practitioners public officials in a rapidly changing landscape population immunity viral variants.To compare COVID-19 among people testing positive with rapid antigen test (RAT) during Omicron BA.1 variant period (December 1, 2021, to January 30, 2022) pre-Delta (January 10 May 31, 2021) Delta (June 1 November periods assess duration RAT positivity surge.This cross-sectional study was conducted from 10, 2022, at walk-up community site San Francisco, California. Participants included children adults seeking an RAT, regardless age, vaccine status, or symptoms.Fisher exact tests χ2 were used for vaccination status age group. Among returning repeated period, proportion between 4 14 days symptom onset since first if asymptomatic estimated.Among 63 277 persons tested (median [IQR] 32 [21-44] years, 12.0% younger than 12 years; 52.0% women; 68.5% Latinx), total 18 301 (28.9%) reported symptoms, whom 4565 (24.9%) COVID-19. During 3032 7283 symptomatic participants (41.6%) positive, numbers these reporting cough sore throat higher (cough: 2044 [67.4%] vs 546 [51.3%] 1065 participants, P < .001 pre-Delta, 281 [60.0%] 468 = .002, Delta; throat: 1316 [43.4%] 315 [29.6%] 136 [29.1%] .001, Delta). Compared patients results congestion more common (1177 [38.8%] 294 [27.6%] .001), loss taste smell (160 [5.3%] 183 [17.2%] .001) fever (921 [30.4%] 369 [34.7%] .01) less common. In addition, who had received booster compared those unvaccinated (97 [22.5%] 432 42 [36.2%] 116 .003), myalgia only primary series (fever: 97 559 [32.8%] 1705 .001; myalgia: 115 [26.6%] 580 [34.0%] .003). 5 after onset, 507 1613 (31.1%) stated that their similar, 95 (5.9%) worsening symptoms. 80.2% retested remained onset.In this study, upper respiratory tract commonly periods, differences by status. Rapid high supporting guidelines requiring negative length isolation period.

Language: Английский

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Reviewing methods of deep learning for diagnosing COVID-19, its variants and synergistic medicine combinations

Computers in Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 107191 - 107191

Published: June 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Potential of Nanobodies for COVID-19 Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 193 - 226

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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Testing for SARS-CoV-2: lessons learned and current use cases

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(2)

Published: March 17, 2024

SUMMARY The emergence and worldwide dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 required both urgent development new diagnostic tests expansion testing capacity on an unprecedented scale. rapid evolution technologies that allowed to move out traditional laboratories into point-of-care centers the home transformed landscape. Four years later, with end formal public health emergency but continued global circulation virus, it is important take a fresh look at available consider how they should be used going forward. This review considers current use case scenarios for antigen, nucleic acid amplification, immunologic tests, incorporating latest evidence analytical/clinical performance characteristics advantages/limitations each test type inform debates about or not used.

Language: Английский

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Attitudes towards booster, testing and isolation, and their impact on COVID-19 response in winter 2022/2023 in France, Belgium, and Italy: a cross-sectional survey and modelling study

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28, P. 100614 - 100614

Published: March 23, 2023

European countries are focusing on testing, isolation, and boosting strategies to counter the 2022/2023 winter surge due SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants. However, widespread pandemic fatigue limited compliance potentially undermine mitigation efforts.To establish a baseline for interventions, we ran multicountry survey assess respondents' willingness receive booster vaccination comply with testing isolation mandates. Integrating estimated immunity data in branching process epidemic spreading model, evaluated effectiveness costs of current protocols France, Belgium, Italy manage wave.The vast majority participants (N = 4594) was willing adhere (>91%) rapid (>88%) across three countries. Pronounced differences emerged declared senior adherence (73% 94% 86% Italy). Epidemic model results estimate that would confer significant benefit reducing transmission (17-24% reduction, from R 1.6 1.3 France 1.2 Italy) adherence. Achieving mitigating level similar French protocol, Belgian protocol require 35% fewer tests (from 1 test 0.65 per infected person) avoid long periods Italian (average 6 days vs. 11). A cost barrier significantly decrease undermining protocols' effectiveness.Simpler mandates may increase awareness actual compliance, costs, without compromising mitigation. High uptake remains key control Commission, ANRS-Maladies Infectieuses Émergentes, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Chaires Blaise Pascal Program Île-de-France region.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Tests With Self-Collected vs Health Care Worker–Collected Nasal and Throat Swab Specimens

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(12), P. e2344295 - e2344295

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Importance Self- or health care worker (HCW)–collected nasal swab specimens are the preferred sampling method to perform rapid antigen testing for COVID-19, but it is debated whether throat can improve test sensitivity. Objective To compare diagnostic accuracy of self- and HCW-collected vs COVID-19 testing. Design, Setting, Participants This per-protocol multicenter randomized clinical trial was conducted from February 15 through March 25, 2022. The participants, individuals aged 16 years older requesting a screening purposes, had 4 collected individual at 1 2 urban outpatient centers in Copenhagen, Denmark. Interventions were 1:1 self-collected Additional reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) used as reference standard. Main Outcomes Measures primary outcome sensitivity diagnose specimen compared with RT-PCR. Results Of 2941 participants enrolled, 2674 (90.9%) complete results included final analysis (1535 [57.4%] women; median age, 40 [IQR, 28-55 years]); 1074 (40.2%) symptoms, 827 (30.9%) positive SARS-CoV-2 by Health worker–collected higher mean than (69.4% [95% CI, 65.1%-73.6%] 60.0% 55.4%-64.5%]). However, subgroup symptomatic found that more sensitive (mean sensitivity, 71.5% 65.3%-77.6%] 58.0% 51.2%-64.7%]; P &amp;lt; .001). Combining increased HCW- 21.4 15.5 percentage points, respectively, single (both Conclusions Relevance specimen. In contrast, participants. Adding standard practice collecting could home-based settings. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05209178

Language: Английский

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Clinical Performance of Rapid and Point-of-Care Antigen Tests for SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Viruses, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1479 - 1479

Published: July 6, 2022

Rapid antigen tests (RATs) for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are widely used in the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by diverse variants. Information on real-world performance of RATs variants is urgently needed decision makers. Systematic searches available literature and updates were conducted PubMed, Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, CENTRAL, KMBASE articles evaluating accuracy instrument-free up until 14 March 2022. A bivariate random effects model was utilized to calculate pooled diagnostic values comparison with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as reference test. total 7562 samples from six studies meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity specificity 69.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 62.5% 76.1%) 100.0% CI 98.8% 100.0%), respectively. When an additional 2179 seven reporting sensitivities only assessed, dropped 50.0% 44.0% 55.0%). These findings suggest reassessment monitoring utility variants, especially aspect, facilitate appropriate diagnosis management COVID-19 patients.

Language: Английский

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Accuracy of Rapid Antigen vs Reverse Transcriptase–Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in College Athletes During Prevalence of the Omicron Variant

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(6), P. e2217234 - e2217234

Published: June 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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