A Detailed Overview of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron: Its Sub-Variants, Mutations and Pathophysiology, Clinical Characteristics, Immunological Landscape, Immune Escape, and Therapies

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 167 - 167

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant concern for everyone. Recent data from many worldwide reports suggest that most infections are caused by the Omicron variant and its sub-lineages, dominating all previously emerged variants. numerous mutations in Omicron’s viral genome sub-lineages attribute it a larger amount of fitness, owing to alteration transmission pathophysiology virus. With rapid change structure, sub-variants, namely BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, BA.5, dominate community with an ability escape neutralization efficiency induced prior vaccination or infections. Similarly, several recombinant sub-variants Omicron, XBB, XBD, XBF, etc., have emerged, which better understanding. This review mainly entails changes due having higher number mutations. binding affinity, cellular entry, disease severity, infection rates, importantly, immune evading potential them discussed this review. A comparative analysis Delta other variants evolved before gives readers in-depth understanding landscape infection. Furthermore, discusses range abilities possessed approved antiviral therapeutic molecules neutralizing antibodies functional against sub-variants. evolution is causing infections, but broader aspect their not been explored. Thus, scientific should adopt elucidative approach obtain clear idea about recently including variants, so effective vaccines drugs can be achieved. This, turn, will lead drop cases and, finally, end pandemic.

Language: Английский

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The displacement of the SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta with Omicron: An investigation of hospital admissions and upper respiratory viral loads

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 104008 - 104008

Published: April 20, 2022

The increase in SARS-CoV-2 infections December 2021 was driven primarily by the Omicron variant, which largely displaced Delta over a three-week span. Outcomes from infection with remain uncertain. We evaluated whether clinical outcomes and viral loads differed between during period when both variants were co-circulating.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19, post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS, “long COVID”) and post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome (PCVS, “post-COVIDvac-syndrome”): Similarities and differences

Pathology - Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 246, P. 154497 - 154497

Published: May 3, 2023

Worldwide there have been over 760 million confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, and 13 billion COVID-19 vaccine doses administered as of April 2023, according to the World Health Organization. An infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead an disease, i.e. COVID-19, but also a post-acute (PACS, "long COVID"). Currently, side effects vaccines are increasingly being noted studied. Here, we summarise currently available indications discuss our conclusions that (i) these specific similarities differences PACS, (ii) new term should be used refer (post-COVID-19 vaccination syndrome, PCVS, colloquially "post-COVIDvac-syndrome"), (iii) is need distinguish between (ACVS) (PACVS) - in analogy PACS ("long Moreover, address mixed forms caused by natural SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We explain why it important for medical diagnosis, care research use terms (PCVS, ACVS PACVS) order avoid confusion misinterpretation underlying causes enable optimal therapy. do not recommend "Post-Vac-Syndrome" imprecise. The article serves current problem "medical gaslighting" relation PCVS raising awareness among professionals supplying appropriate terminology disease.

Language: Английский

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Update on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines on different variants of SARS-CoV-2

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 117, P. 109968 - 109968

Published: March 2, 2023

Language: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 on Cardiovascular Disease

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 508 - 508

Published: Feb. 11, 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection with the novel severe acute respiratory distress syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Until now, more than 670 million people have suffered from COVID-19 worldwide, and roughly 7 death cases were attributed to COVID-19. Recent evidence suggests an interplay between cardiovascular (CVD). may serve as yet underappreciated CVD risk modifier, including factors such diabetes mellitus or arterial hypertension. In addition, recent data suggest that previous increase for many entities of extent similarly observed traditional (CV) factors. Furthermore, increased incidence worse clinical outcomes in individuals preexisting been myocarditis, coronary syndrome, heart failure (HF), thromboembolic complications, arrhythmias. Direct indirect mechanisms proposed by which impact CV risk, entry into tissue induction massive systemic inflammatory response. current review, we provide overview literature reporting interaction CVD, review potential underlying this interaction, discuss preventive treatment strategies their interference evaluated since onset pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Clinical outcomes of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron and Delta variant: systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 studies covering 6 037 144 coronavirus disease 2019–positive patients

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(7), P. 835 - 844

Published: March 18, 2023

BackgroundAlthough the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is considered to induce less severe disease, there have been no consistent results on extent of decrease in severity.ObjectivesTo compare clinical outcomes COVID-19–positive patients with and Delta infection.Data sourcesSearches were implemented up 8 November 2022 PubMed, Web Science, BioRvix, MedRvix.Study eligibility criteriaEligible studies cohort reporting infection, including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), death.ParticipantsCOVID-19–positive infection.Assessment risk biasRisk bias was assessed employing Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Methods data synthesisRandom-effect models employed pool ORs 95% CIs outcome. I2 evaluate heterogeneity between studies.ResultsA total 33 6 037 144 included this meta-analysis. In general population patients, compared Delta, infection resulted a decreased hospitalization (10.24% vs. 4.14%, OR = 2.91, CI 2.35–3.60), ICU admission (3.67% 0.48%, 3.64, 2.63–5.04), IMV (3.93% 0.34%, 3.11, 1.76–5.50), death (2.40% 0.46%, 2.97, 2.17–4.08). hospitalized COVID-19, (20.70% 12.90%, 1.63, 1.32–2.02), (10.90% 5.80%, 1.65, 1.28–2.14), (10.72% 7.10%, 1.44, 1.22–1.71).ConclusionsCompared severity decreased.

Language: Английский

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Severity and outcomes of Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 compared to Delta variant and severity of Omicron sublineages: a systematic review and metanalysis

BMJ Global Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(7), P. e012328 - e012328

Published: July 1, 2023

Objectives To compare severity and clinical outcomes from Omicron as compared with the Delta variant to between sublineages. Methods We searched WHO COVID-19 Research database for studies that patients variant, separately sublineages BA.1 BA.2. A random-effects meta-analysis was used pool estimates of relative risk (RR) variants Heterogeneity assessed using I 2 index. Risk bias tool developed by Clinical Advances through Information Translation team. Results Our search identified 1494 42 met inclusion criteria. Eleven were published preprints. Of studies, 29 adjusted vaccination status; 12 had no adjustment; 1, adjustment unclear. Three included versus As Delta, individuals infected 61% lower death (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.33 0.46) 56% hospitalisation 0.44, 0.34 0.56). similarly associated intensive care unit (ICU) admission, oxygen therapy, non-invasive invasive ventilation. The pooled ratio outcome when comparing BA.2 0.55 (95% 0.23 1.30). Discussion hospitalisation, ICU ventilation Delta. There difference in PROSPERO registration number CRD42022310880.

Language: Английский

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Overnight Stay in the Emergency Department and Mortality in Older Patients

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 183(12), P. 1378 - 1378

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

Patients in the emergency department (ED) who are waiting for hospital admission on a wheeled cot may be subject to harm. However, mortality and morbidity among older patients spend night ED while bed medical ward unknown.

Language: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 on the liver and on the care of patients with chronic liver disease, hepatobiliary cancer, and liver transplantation: An updated EASL position paper

Journal of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 77(4), P. 1161 - 1197

Published: July 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Clinical phenotypes and outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron in critically ill French patients with COVID-19

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Abstract Infection with SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron is considered to be less severe than infection Delta, rarer occurrence of disease requiring intensive care. Little information available on comorbid factors, clinical conditions and specific viral mutational patterns associated the severity infection. In this multicenter prospective cohort study, patients consecutively admitted for COVID-19 in 20 care units France between December 7th 2021 May 1st 2022 were included. Among 259 patients, we show that phenotype infected ( n = 148) different from those Delta 111). We observe no significant relationship lineages/sublineages 28-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.68 [0.35–1.32]; p 0.253). Omicron-infected 43.2% are immunocompromised, most whom have received two doses vaccine or more (85.9%) but display a poor humoral response vaccination. The rate immunocompromised significantly higher non-immunocompromised (46.9% vs 26.2%; 0.009). Omicron, there association sublineages (BA.1/BA.1.1 109) BA.2 21)) any genome polymorphisms/mutational profile mortality.

Language: Английский

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