Divergent evolution of sleep functions DOI Creative Commons

Michaela Joyce,

Federica A. Falconio, Laurence Blackhurst

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 28, 2023

Abstract Most living organisms have evolved to synchronize their biological activities with the earth’s rotation, a daily regulation of biology and behaviour controlled by an evolutionary conserved molecular machinery known as circadian clock. For most animals, mechanisms are meant maximize exposure positive ( e.g.: social interactions, mating, feeding – generally during day) minimize peril predation, weather, darkness night 1 ). On top regulation, some behaviours also feature second layer homeostatic control acting fail-safe ensure important not ignored. Sleep is one these behaviours: largely clock for its baseline appearance, it at same time modulated poorly understood regulator ensuring animals obey species-specific amount sleep 2 . An often considered main evidence core function beyond trivial (that is: keeping us out trouble limiting our energy expenditure danger 3,4 ) hypothesized that around this mysterious basic function. Here we characterize in group seven species Drosophila genus key distances representing variety ecological niche adaptations. We show spontaneous circadian-driven aspects among all but unexpectedly, not. uncover differences behavioural, cell-biological neuro-pharmacological suggest that, Drosophilids, primarily satisfy role, immobile dangerous hours day. The functions independently, fashion, conserved.

Language: Английский

The dorsal fan-shaped body is a neurochemically heterogeneous sleep-regulating center in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons

Joseph D. Jones,

Brandon L. Holder,

Andrew C. Montgomery

et al.

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. e3003014 - e3003014

Published: March 26, 2025

Sleep is a behavior that conserved throughout the animal kingdom. Yet, despite extensive studies in humans and models, exact function or functions of sleep remain(s) unknown. A complicating factor trying to elucidate complexity multiplicity neuronal circuits are involved regulation. It conceivable distinct sleep-regulating only specific aspects may underlie different functions. Thus, it would be beneficial assess contribution individual sleep’s putative The intricacy mammalian brain makes this task extremely difficult. However, fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, with its simpler organization, available connectomics, unparalleled genetics, offers opportunity interrogate centers. In , neurons projecting dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB) have been proposed key regulators sleep, particularly homeostasis. We recently demonstrated most widely used genetic tool manipulate dFB neurons, 23E10-GAL4 driver, expresses 2 (VNC-SP neurons) located ventral nerve cord (VNC), analog vertebrate spinal cord. Since data supporting role for regulation obtained using 23E10-GAL4, unclear whether phenotypes reported these caused by VNC-SP cells. recent publication replicated our finding contains sleep-promoting VNC. also not at all, but suggestion was made tools dFB-specific very mild deprivation protocol. study, newly created driver line, we demonstrate optogenetic activation majority promotes show require stronger stimulation than cells promote sleep. addition, dFB-induced can consolidate short-term memory (STM) into long-term (LTM), suggesting benefit on circuit-specific. Finally, neurochemically heterogeneous divided 3 populations. Most express both glutamate acetylcholine, while minority one neurotransmitters. Importantly, do GABA, as previously suggested. Using neurotransmitter-specific tools, points cholinergic potent regulating

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Parp1 promotes sleep, which enhances DNA repair in neurons DOI Creative Commons
David Zada, Yaniv Sela, Noa Matosevich

et al.

Molecular Cell, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 81(24), P. 4979 - 4993.e7

Published: Nov. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

77
A Paradoxical Kind of Sleep in Drosophila melanogaster DOI Creative Commons

Lucy A.L. Tainton-Heap,

Leonie Kirszenblat,

Eleni Notaras

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(3), P. 578 - 590.e6

Published: Nov. 24, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

73
Philosophy of Neuroscience DOI
William Bechtel, Linus Ta-Lun Huang

Published: Feb. 8, 2022

This Element provides a comprehensive introduction to philosophy of neuroscience. It covers such topics as how neuroscientists procure knowledge, including not just research techniques but the use various model organisms. presents examples knowledge acquired in neuroscience that are then employed discuss more philosophical nature explanations developed neuroscience, different conception levels discussions and invocation representations explanations. The text emphasizes importance brain processes beyond those neocortex explores what makes processing different. consider view nervous system consists control mechanisms considers arguments for hierarchical vs. heterarchical organization mechanisms. concludes by considering implications findings humans conceive themselves practices embracing norms.

Language: Английский

Citations

43
A gut-secreted peptide suppresses arousability from sleep DOI Creative Commons
Iris Titos, Alen Juginović, Alexandra Vaccaro

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 186(7), P. 1382 - 1397.e21

Published: March 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Regulation of sleep by cholinergic neurons located outside the central brain in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons

Joseph D. Jones,

Brandon L. Holder,

Kiran R. Eiken

et al.

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. e3002012 - e3002012

Published: March 2, 2023

Sleep is a complex and plastic behavior regulated by multiple brain regions influenced numerous internal external stimuli. Thus, to fully uncover the function(s) of sleep, cellular resolution sleep-regulating neurons needs be achieved. Doing so will help unequivocally assign role or function given neuron group in sleep behavior. In Drosophila brain, projecting dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB) have emerged as key area. To dissect contribution individual dFB we undertook an intersectional Split-GAL4 genetic screen focusing on cells contained within 23E10-GAL4 driver, most widely used tool manipulate neurons. this study, demonstrate that expresses outside fly equivalent spinal cord, ventral nerve cord (VNC). Furthermore, show 2 VNC cholinergic strongly contribute sleep-promoting capacity driver under baseline conditions. However, contrast other neurons, silencing these does not block homeostasis. our data contains at least different types controlling distinct aspects

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Individual sleep need is flexible and dynamically related to cognitive function DOI
Anders M. Fjell, Kristine B. Walhovd

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 422 - 430

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Behavioral screening defines three molecular Parkinsonism subgroups in Drosophila DOI Open Access
Natalie Kaempf, Jorge S. Valadas, Pieter Robberechts

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Abstract Parkinsonism is defined by motor dysfunction, but the specific upstream molecular causes of these clinical symptoms can vary widely. We hypothesize that converge onto a limited number core cellular pathways. To investigate this, we created new collection 24 genetically very well-controlled animal models familial forms parkinsonism. Using unbiased behavioral screening and machine learning identified three clusters mutants on (1) mitochondrial function; (2) retromer/vesicle trafficking; (3) proteostasis/autophagy. Genes within each cluster have similar genetic interaction profile compounds target pathways ameliorate dopaminergic neuron dysfunction in cluster-specific manner. This suggests parkinsonism be stratified into broad functional groups our findings pave way for targeted biomarker discovery drug development.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Drosophila insulin-like peptide 2 mediates dietary regulation of sleep intensity DOI Creative Commons
Elizabeth Brown, Kreesha D. Shah, Richard Faville

et al.

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. e1008270 - e1008270

Published: March 11, 2020

Sleep is a nearly universal behavior that regulated by diverse environmental stimuli and physiological states. A defining feature of sleep homeostatic rebound following deprivation, where animals compensate for lost increasing duration and/or depth. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, exhibits robust recovery deprivation represents powerful model to study neural circuits regulating homeostasis. Numerous neuronal populations have been identified in modulating homeostasis as well depth, raising the possibility quality dependent on or processes induce deprivation. Here, we find unlike most pharmacological manipulations commonly used restrict sleep, starvation potently induces loss without subsequent Both sucrose-only diet result increased suggesting dietary protein essential normal depth Finally, insulin like peptide 2 (Dilp2) acutely required starvation-induced changes sleep. Flies lacking Dilp2 exhibit compensatory promotes resiliency loss. Together, these findings reveal innate resilience identify distinct mechanisms underlie

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Utilizing the blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus to understand the genetic basis of behavioral evolution DOI Open Access
Johanna E. Kowalko

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 223(Suppl_1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2020

ABSTRACT Colonization of novel habitats often results in the evolution diverse behaviors. Comparisons between individuals from closely related populations that have evolved divergent behaviors different environments can be used to investigate behavioral evolution. However, until recently, functionally connecting genotypes phenotypes these evolutionarily relevant organisms has been difficult. The development gene editing tools will facilitate functional genetic analysis genotype–phenotype connections virtually any organism, and potential significantly transform field genetics when applied ecologically organisms. blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus provides a remarkable example associated with colonization habitat. These fish consist single species includes sighted surface inhabit rivers Mexico southern Texas at least 29 Sierra Del Abra de Guatemala regions Northeast Mexico. Although eye loss albinism studied extensively A. mexicanus, derived traits including sleep loss, alterations foraging reduction social are now also being investigated this understand neural basis emerged as powerful model system for mapping because interfertile. Further, molecular repeated trait examined species, multiple cave independently same traits. A sequenced genome implementation platform discovery identification contributions naturally occurring variation This review describes current knowledge an emphasis on underpinnings Multiple avenues new research pursued using identified, how enhance our understanding is discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

52