CerebelluMorphic: Large-Scale Neuromorphic Model and Architecture for Supervised Motor Learning

IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(9), P. 4398 - 4412

Published: Feb. 23, 2021

The cerebellum plays a vital role in motor learning and control with supervised capability, while neuromorphic engineering devises diverse approaches to high-performance computation inspired by biological neural systems. This article presents large-scale cerebellar network model for learning, as well cerebellum-inspired architecture map the anatomical structure into model. Our multinucleus its underpinning contain approximately 3.5 million neurons, upscaling state-of-the-art designs over 34 times. Besides, proposed incorporate 3411k granule cells, introducing 284 times increase compared previous study including only 12k cells. large scaling induces more biologically plausible divergence/convergence ratios, which results better mimicking biology. In order verify functionality of our demonstrate strong biomimicry, reconfigurable system is used, on developed realized replicate dynamics during optokinetic response. addition, used analyze dynamical synchronization within Purkinje revealing effects firing rates mossy fibers resonance experiments show that real-time operation can be realized, throughput up 4.70 larger than works high synaptic event rate. These suggest work provides both theoretical basis perspective brain-inspired computing further exploration learning.

Language: Английский

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Interactions between sensory prediction error and task error during implicit motor learning

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. e1010005 - e1010005

Published: March 23, 2022

Implicit motor recalibration allows us to flexibly move in novel and changing environments. Conventionally, implicit is thought be driven by errors predicting the sensory outcome of movement (i.e., prediction errors). However, recent studies have shown that also influenced achieving goal task Exactly how interact drive and, particular, whether alone might sufficient remain unknown. To test this, we induced absence displacing target mid-movement. We found failed induce recalibration. In additional experiments, simultaneously varied size errors. could continuously modulated errors, revealing an unappreciated dependency between these two sources error. Moreover, was attenuated when simply flickered its original location, even though this manipulation did not affect error - effect likely attributed attention being directed away from feedback cursor. Taken as a whole, results were accounted for computational model which attention, determine extent

Language: Английский

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Cognitive-Affective Functions of the Cerebellum

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(45), P. 7554 - 7564

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

The cerebellum, traditionally associated with motor coordination and balance, also plays a crucial role in various aspects of higher-order function dysfunction. Emerging research has shed light on the cerebellum's broader contributions to cognitive, emotional, reward processes. influence autonomic further highlights its significance regulating motivational emotional states. Perturbations cerebellar development have been implicated neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. An increasing appreciation for neuropsychiatric symptoms that arise from dysfunction underscores importance elucidating circuit mechanisms underlie complex interactions between cerebellum other brain regions comprehensive understanding behavior. By briefly discussing new advances mapping affective, autonomic, social processing reviewing neuropathology beyond domain, this Mini-Symposium review aims provide broad perspective intersections limbic health disease.

Language: Английский

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Interoception as modeling, allostasis as control

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 167, P. 108242 - 108242

Published: Dec. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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VTA-projecting cerebellar neurons mediate stress-dependent depression-like behaviors

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 14, 2022

Although cerebellar alterations have been implicated in stress symptoms, the exact contribution of cerebellum to symptoms remains be elucidated. Here, we demonstrated crucial role neurons projecting ventral tegmental area (VTA) development chronic stress-induced behavioral mice. Chronic chemogenetic activation inhibitory Purkinje cells crus I suppressed c-Fos expression DN and an increase immobility tail suspension test or forced swimming test, which were triggered by application. The combination adeno-associated virus-based circuit mapping electrophysiological recording identified network connections from VTA via dentate nucleus (DN) deep nuclei. Furthermore, inhibition specific that project prevented stressed mice showing such depression-like behavior, whereas these alone changes comparable with behaviors Our results indicate VTA-projecting proactively regulate raising possibility may effective target for prevention depressive disorders human.

Language: Английский

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The Cerebellar Cortex

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 151 - 175

Published: July 8, 2022

The cerebellar cortex is an important system for relating neural circuits and learning. Its promise reflects the longstanding idea that it contains simple, repeated circuit modules with only a few cell types single plasticity mechanism mediates learning according to classical Marr-Albus models. However, emerging data have revealed surprising diversity in neuron types, synaptic connections, mechanisms, both locally regionally within cortex. In light of these findings, not attempts generate holistic model across different behaviors been successful. While cerebellum remains ideal linking neuronal function behavior, necessary update framework achieve its great promise. this review, we highlight recent advances our understanding cerebellar-cortical signaling forms enrich processing.

Language: Английский

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Novel Cerebello-Amygdala Connections Provide Missing Link Between Cerebellum and Limbic System

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 13, 2022

The cerebellum is emerging as a powerful regulator of cognitive and affective processing memory in both humans animals has been implicated disorders. How the supports function remains poorly understood. short-latency (just few milliseconds) functional connections that were identified between amygdala-a structure crucial for emotion valence-more than four decades ago raise exciting, yet untested, possibility cerebellum-amygdala pathway communicates information important emotion. major hurdle rigorously testing this lack knowledge about anatomy connectivity pathway. Our initial anatomical tracing studies mice excluded existence direct monosynaptic connection amygdala. Using transneuronal techniques, we have novel disynaptic circuit cerebellar output nuclei basolateral This recruits understudied intralaminar thalamus node. ex vivo optophysiology super-resolution microscopy, provide first evidence functionality pathway, thus offering missing mechanistic link discovery provides blueprint key limbic system. As such, it requisite step toward obtaining new emotion, fundamentally advancing understanding neurobiology which perturbed mental autism spectrum

Language: Английский

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Cerebellar Coordination of Neuronal Communication in Cerebral Cortex

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 11, 2022

Cognitive processes involve precisely coordinated neuronal communications between multiple cerebral cortical structures in a task specific manner. Rich new evidence now implicates the cerebellum cognitive functions. There is general agreement that cerebellar function involves interactions and association areas. Traditional views assume reciprocal one site, via closed-loop connections. We offer supporting perspective assigns role of coordinator communication. propose participates by modulating coherence oscillations to optimize

Language: Английский

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Motor learning without movement

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(30)

Published: July 19, 2022

Prediction errors guide many forms of learning, providing teaching signals that help us improve our performance. Implicit motor adaptation, for instance, is thought to be driven by sensory prediction (SPEs), which occur when the expected and observed consequences a movement differ. Traditionally, SPE computation require execution. However, recent work suggesting brain can generate predictions based on imagery or planning alone calls this assumption into question. Here, measuring implicit adaptation during visuomotor task, we tested whether well-timed feedback are sufficient adaptation. Human participants were cued reach target were, subset trials, rapidly withhold these movements. Errors displayed both trials with without movements induced single-trial Learning following persisted even had never been paired direction trajectories decoupled. These observations indicate compute drive generating overt movements, leading commands not overtly produced.

Language: Английский

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Cerebellar contribution to the regulation of defensive states

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: March 31, 2023

Despite fine tuning voluntary movement as the most prominently studied function of cerebellum, early human studies suggested cerebellar involvement emotion regulation. Since, cerebellum has been associated with various mood and anxiety-related conditions. Research in animals provided evidence for contributions to fear memory formation extinction. Fear anxiety can broadly be referred defensive states triggered by threat characterized multimodal adaptations such behavioral cardiac responses integrated into an intricately orchestrated defense reaction. This is mediated evolutionary conserved, highly interconnected network defense-related structures functional connections cerebellum. Projections from deep nucleus interpositus central amygdala interfere retention memory. Several uncovered tight between nuclei pyramis midbrain periaqueductal grey. Specifically, fastigial sends direct projections ventrolateral PAG mediate fear-evoked innate learned freezing behavior. The also regulates cardiovascular blood pressure heart rate-effects dependent on medullary regulatory structures. Because integrated, nature states, their adaptive regulation dynamic enable responding a moving threatening stimulus. In this, predicting occurrence are crucial functions calculating adequate responses. Based its role prediction error generation, connectivity limbic regions, previous results learning, this review presents regulator cardio-behavioral states.

Language: Английский

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