Cerebellar microstructural abnormalities in patients with somatic symptom disorders DOI Creative Commons
Weijun Tang, Chao Zhang,

Yapeng Qi

et al.

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 4, 2025

Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD) is a condition often linked to excessive health anxiety and somatic symptoms. In recent years, studies have found associations between the cerebellum various mental illnesses, including SSD. However, microstructure of cerebellar subregions in SSD using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging has not been fully defined. This cross-sectional study, that included 30 patients age- gender-matched healthy controls investigate imaging. diagnosis followed DSM-5 criteria, excluding major psychiatric comorbidities, while underwent rigorous screening exclude or neurological histories. Clinical evaluations utilized standardized scales assess depressive, anxiety, cognitive MRI data were acquired 3T Siemens Prisma scanner, T1-weighted diffusion-weighted (30 directions, b = 1000/2000 s/mm²). Multi-compartment metrics from free water elimination tensor neurite orientation dispersion density used observe microstructural changes cerebellum's white matter gray patients. Compared control group, with exhibited significant alterations microstructure. These characterized by increased water-eliminated fractional anisotropy index, as well decreased mean diffusivity radial diffusivity. Furthermore, displayed varying across 26 subregions. reduced diffusivity, axial alongside index index. Importantly, study identified correlations these clinical Specifically, Vermis X left lobule VIIb showed both depression scores. The findings suggest greater enhanced restriction SSD, which may indicate possible adaptive associated chronic stress.

Language: Английский

Cerebellum Lecture: the Cerebellar Nuclei—Core of the Cerebellum DOI Creative Commons
Justus M. Kebschull, Filippo Casoni, G. Giacomo Consalez

et al.

The Cerebellum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 620 - 677

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

Abstract The cerebellum is a key player in many brain functions and major topic of neuroscience research. However, the cerebellar nuclei (CN), main output structures cerebellum, are often overlooked. This neglect because research on typically focuses cortex tends to treat CN as relatively simple conveying an inverted signal from rest brain. In this review, by adopting nucleocentric perspective we aim rectify impression. First, describe anatomy modularity comprehensively integrate architecture with its highly organized but complex afferent efferent connectivity. followed novel classification specific neuronal classes comprise speculate implications structure physiology for our understanding adult function. Based thorough review literature provide comprehensive overview embryonic development and, comparing various chordate clades, propose interpretation evolution. Despite their critical importance function, clinical intriguingly few, if any, neurological disorders appear primarily affect CN. To highlight curious anomaly, encourage future interpretations, build brief syndromes which currently implicated. Finally, summarize perspectives that view brings, move outstanding issues biology limelight, roadmap questions need be answered order create integrated model structure, development,

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Cerebellar Contributions to the Basal Ganglia Influence Motor Coordination, Reward Processing, and Movement Vigor DOI Creative Commons
Junichi Yoshida, Maritza Oñate, Leila Khatami

et al.

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(45), P. 8406 - 8415

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

Both the cerebellum and basal ganglia are known for their roles in motor control motivated behavior. These two systems have been classically considered as independent structures that coordinate contributions to behavior via separate cortico-thalamic loops. However, recent evidence demonstrates presence of a rich set direct connections between these regions. Although there is strong both directions, brevity we limit our discussion better-characterized from ganglia. We review sets such connections: disynaptic projections through thalamus monosynaptic midbrain dopaminergic nuclei, VTA SNc. In each case, pathways anatomic tracing physiological recordings, discuss potential functional roles. present pathway involved coordination, its dysfunction contributes deficits, dystonia. then how cerebellar SNc influence dopamine release respective targets nuclei: NAc dorsal striatum. argue may play role reward-based learning therefore contribute addictive behavior, whereas projection movement vigor. Finally, speculate explain many observations indicate mental disorders, schizophrenia.

Language: Английский

Citations

54
A Systematic Review of Direct Outputs from the Cerebellum to the Brainstem and Diencephalon in Mammals DOI Creative Commons
Manuele Novello, Laurens W. J. Bosman, Chris I. De Zeeuw

et al.

The Cerebellum, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 210 - 239

Published: Dec. 28, 2022

Abstract The cerebellum is involved in many motor, autonomic and cognitive functions, new tasks that have a cerebellar contribution are discovered on regular basis. Simultaneously, our insight into the functional compartmentalization of has markedly improved. Additionally, studies output pathways seen renaissance due to development viral tracing techniques. To create an overview current state understanding efferents, we undertook systematic review all monosynaptic projections from brainstem diencephalon mammals. This revealed important cerebellum, motor nuclei, cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, predominantly di- or polysynaptic, rather than monosynaptic. Strikingly, most target areas receive input three showing convergence information at level. Overall, there appeared be large level agreement between different species as well use types neural tracers, making emerging picture solid one. Finally, discuss how this network affected by range diseases syndromes, with also non-cerebellar having impact areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

46
Novel Cerebello-Amygdala Connections Provide Missing Link Between Cerebellum and Limbic System DOI Creative Commons

Se Jung Jung,

Ksenia Vlasov,

Alexa F. D’Ambra

et al.

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 13, 2022

The cerebellum is emerging as a powerful regulator of cognitive and affective processing memory in both humans animals has been implicated disorders. How the supports function remains poorly understood. short-latency (just few milliseconds) functional connections that were identified between amygdala-a structure crucial for emotion valence-more than four decades ago raise exciting, yet untested, possibility cerebellum-amygdala pathway communicates information important emotion. major hurdle rigorously testing this lack knowledge about anatomy connectivity pathway. Our initial anatomical tracing studies mice excluded existence direct monosynaptic connection amygdala. Using transneuronal techniques, we have novel disynaptic circuit cerebellar output nuclei basolateral This recruits understudied intralaminar thalamus node. ex vivo optophysiology super-resolution microscopy, provide first evidence functionality pathway, thus offering missing mechanistic link discovery provides blueprint key limbic system. As such, it requisite step toward obtaining new emotion, fundamentally advancing understanding neurobiology which perturbed mental autism spectrum

Language: Английский

Citations

44
The cerebellum and anxiety DOI Creative Commons

Pei Wern Chin,

George J Augustine

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Although the cerebellum is traditionally known for its role in motor functions, recent evidence points toward additional involvement of an array non-motor functions. One such function anxiety behavior: a series studies now implicate anxiety. Here, we review regarding possible anxiety—ranging from clinical to experimental manipulation neural activity—that collectively cerebellum, and possibly specific topographical locus within as one orchestrators responses.

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Cerebellar control of fear learning via the cerebellar nuclei–Multiple pathways, multiple mechanisms? DOI Creative Commons

Julie D. Urrutia Desmaison,

Romain W Sala, Ahsan Ayyaz

et al.

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: May 9, 2023

Fear learning is mediated by a large network of brain structures and the understanding their roles interactions constantly progressing. There multitude anatomical behavioral evidence on interconnection cerebellar nuclei to other in fear network. Regarding nuclei, we focus coupling fastigial nucleus relation dentate ventral tegmental area. Many that receive direct projections from are playing role expression or extinction learning. We propose cerebellum, via its limbic system, acts as modulator learning, using prediction-error signaling regulation related thalamo-cortical oscillations.

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Re-examining the Mysterious Role of the Cerebellum in Pain DOI Creative Commons
Crystal Li, Kevin A. Keay, Luke A. Henderson

et al.

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(17), P. e1538232024 - e1538232024

Published: April 24, 2024

Pain is considered a multidimensional experience that embodies not merely sensation, but also emotion and perception. As appropriate for this complexity, pain represented processed by an extensive matrix of cortical subcortical structures. Of these structures, the cerebellum gaining increasing attention. Although association between both acute chronic have been extensively detailed in electrophysiological neuroimaging studies, deep understanding what functions are mediated associations lacking. Nevertheless, available evidence implies lobules IV–VI Crus I especially pertinent to processing, anatomical studies reveal regions connect with higher-order structures sensorimotor, emotional, cognitive function. Therefore, we speculate exerts modulatory role via its communication sites executive, reward, limbic On basis, review, propose numerous ways which might contribute pain, drawing particular attention emotional elements pain. In addition, emphasise importance advancing our knowledge about relationship discussing novel therapeutic opportunities capitalize on association.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Cerebellar Functions Beyond Movement and Learning DOI
Linda Kim, Detlef Heck, Roy V. Sillitoe

et al.

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 145 - 166

Published: April 25, 2024

The cerebellum has a well-established role in controlling motor functions, including coordination, posture, and the learning of skilled movements. mechanisms for how it carries out behavior remain under intense investigation. Interestingly though, recent years cerebellar function have faced additional scrutiny since nonmotor behaviors may also be controlled by cerebellum. With such complexity arising, there is now pressing need to better understand structure, function, intersect influence that are dynamically called upon as an animal experiences its environment. Here, we discuss experimental work frames possible neural shapes disparate why dysfunction catastrophic hereditary acquired conditions—both nonmotor. For these reasons, might ideal therapeutic target.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Neural circuits mediating chronic stress: Implications for major depressive disorder DOI
Hongling Guo, Tahir Ali, Shupeng Li

et al.

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 137, P. 111280 - 111280

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A Purkinje cell to parabrachial nucleus pathway enables broad cerebellar influence over the forebrain DOI
Christopher H. Chen, Leannah N. Newman, Amanda P. Stark

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(11), P. 1929 - 1941

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

22