A systematic review of the comorbidity between PTSD and alcohol misuse

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 49(9), С. 1401 - 1425

Опубликована: Март 18, 2014

Язык: Английский

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Cigarette smoking, nicotine dependence and anxiety disorders: a systematic review of population-based, epidemiological studies

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2012

Multiple studies have demonstrated that rates of smoking and nicotine dependence are increased in individuals with anxiety disorders. However, significant variability exists the epidemiological literature exploring this relationship, including study design (cross-sectional versus prospective), population assessed (random sample clinical population) diagnostic instrument utilized.We undertook a systematic review population-based observational utilized recognized structured criteria (Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders (DSM) or International Classification Diseases (ICD)) for disorder diagnosis to investigate relationship between cigarette smoking, disorders.In total, 47 met predefined inclusion criteria, 12 providing prospective information 5 quasiprospective information. The available evidence suggests some baseline disorders risk factor initiation dependence, although is heterogeneous many did not control effect comorbid substance use identified however appeared more consistently support as being development (for example, panic disorder, generalized disorder), these findings were replicated all studies. A number inconsistencies identified.Although disorders, there limited has prospectively examined using validated criteria. most consistent supports increasing disorder. assessing inconsistent. Potential issues current discussed directions future research suggested.

Язык: Английский

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Does This Patient Have Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?

JAMA, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 314(5), С. 501 - 501

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2015

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a relatively common mental health condition frequently seen, though often unrecognized, in primary care settings. Identifying and treating PTSD can greatly improve patient well-being.To systematically review the utility of self-report screening instruments for among high-risk populations.We searched MEDLINE National Center PTSD's Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress (PILOTS) databases articles published from January 1981 through March 2015. Study quality was rated using Quality Assessment Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) criteria.Studies evaluated gold standard structured clinical diagnostic interviews that had interview samples at least 50 individuals.We identified 2522 citations, retrieved 318 further review, retained 23 cohort studies 15 PTSD. Of studies, were conducted settings United States (n = 14,707 screened, n 5374 given interview, 814 PTSD) 8 community following probable trauma exposure (ie, natural disaster, terrorism, military deployment; 5302 4263 393 known to have with an additional inferred by rates reported authors). Two screens, Primary Care Screen (PC-PTSD) Checklist best performing instruments. The 4-item PC-PTSD has positive likelihood ratio 6.9 (95% CI, 5.5-8.8) negative 0.30 0.21-0.44) same score indicating screen as used Department Veterans Affairs all its clinics. 17-item 5.2 3.6-7.5) 0.33 0.29-0.37) scores around 40 screen. Using employed clinics indicate screen, sensitivity 0.69 0.55-0.81), specificity 0.92 0.86-0.95), 8.49 5.56-12.96) 0.34 0.22-0.48). For Checklist, 0.70 0.64-0.77), 0.90 0.84-0.93), 6.8 4.7-9.9) 0.27-0.40).Two instruments, show reasonable performance characteristics use or populations. Both are easy administer interpret readily be incorporated into busy practice setting.

Язык: Английский

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PTSD Is a Chronic, Fluctuating Disorder Affecting the Mental Quality of Life in Older Adults

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 22(1), С. 86 - 97

Опубликована: Май 30, 2013

Язык: Английский

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Pilot randomized controlled trial of exercise training for older veterans with PTSD

Journal of Behavioral Medicine, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 43(4), С. 648 - 659

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Correlates of Suicide Among Veterans Treated in Primary Care: Case–Control Study of a Nationally Representative Sample

Journal of General Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 29(S4), С. 853 - 860

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2014

Язык: Английский

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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Older U.S. Military Veterans: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Psychiatric and Functional Burden

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 30(5), С. 606 - 618

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Posttraumatic stress disorder and health: a preliminary study of group differences in health and health behaviors

Annals of General Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2013

Abstract Background Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more likely to undertake harmful health behaviors like substance use. Less is known about the association of PTSD healthful such as healthy diet and exercise. The purpose this study was examine differences across physical indicators in individuals without PTSD. Methods A cross-sectional, case–control self-reported a community military veteran sample used. Results Based on structured psychiatric interview, 25 participants had PTSD, remaining 55 served comparison group. Participants were 40 years old average 45% female. Multivariate analysis variance analyses revealed that significantly higher body mass index ( p = 0.004), alcohol use 0.007), reported fewer minutes vigorous exercise 0.020) than those Chi-square content eating behavior constructs found ate fruits 0.035) guilt after overeating 0.006). Conclusions These findings replicate prior research link between negative outcomes engagement highlight need for further examination other content, behaviors,

Язык: Английский

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Integrative Testimonial Therapy

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 202(9), С. 651 - 658

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2014

Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral treatments are known to be effective for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. However, evidence older persons with PTSD, particularly elderly war trauma survivors, is scarce. In an open trial, 30 survivors of World War II aged 65 85 years (mean, 71.73 years; SD, 4.8; n = 17 women) PTSD symptoms were treated a Web-based, therapist-assisted cognitive-behavioral/narrative therapy 6 weeks. Intent-to-treat analyses revealed significant decrease severity scores (Cohen's d 0.43) and improvements on secondary clinical outcomes quality life, self-efficacy, growth from pretreatment posttreatment. All maintained at 3-month follow-up. The attrition rate was low (13.3%), participants who completed the trial reporting high working alliance treatment satisfaction. Results this study suggest that integrative testimonial well accepted potentially experiencing symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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What Factors are Associated with Posttraumatic Growth in Older Adults? A Systematic Review

Clinical Gerontologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 18

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2022

Objectives Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is of increased theoretical and clinical interest. However, less known about PTG in older adults specifically. This systematic review aimed to identify domains where studied for adults; investigate factors associated with consider how these might differ between historical later life traumas.Methods Online databases were searched quantitative studies examining outcomes aged ≥ 60 years.Results 15 subject a narrative synthesis.Conclusions Older can experience substantial levels PTG, from traumas during or across the lifespan, wartime traumas. Traumas be diverse, some found equivalent different lifespan. Social processes may key variable adults. Additional psychosocial are found; however, diverse findings reflect no overall model, this consistent variations other literature.Clinical Implications Clinical considerations discussed. As studies, not widely generalizable directions further research highlighted. PROSPERO: CRD42020169318.

Язык: Английский

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