The role of HLA genetic variants in COVID‐19 susceptibility, severity, and mortality: A global review

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(1-2)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has had a profound global impact, with variations in susceptibility, severity, and mortality rates across different regions. While many factors can contribute to the spread impact of disease, specifically human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genetic variants have emerged as potential contributors outcomes. Methods In this comprehensive narrative review, we conducted thorough literature search identify relevant studies investigating association between HLA Additionally, analyzed allelic frequency data from diverse populations assess differences incidence severity. Results Our review provides insights into immunological mechanisms involving HLA‐mediated responses highlights research directions therapeutic interventions. We found evidence suggesting that certain alleles, such HLA‐A02, may confer lower risk COVID‐19, while others, like HLA‐C04, increase severe symptoms mortality. Furthermore, our analysis allele distributions revealed significant among populations. Conclusion Considering host variations, particularly variants, is crucial for understanding susceptibility These findings implications personalized treatment interventions based on an individual's profile. However, further needed unravel precise underlying observed associations explore targeted therapies or preventive measures variants.

Язык: Английский

---

The demographic, laboratory and genetic factors associated with long Covid-19 syndrome: a case–control study

Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

Abstract Long Covid-19 syndrome (LCS) manifests with a wide range of clinical symptoms, yet the factors associated LCS remain poorly understood. The current study aimed to investigate relationships that demographic characteristics, history, laboratory indicators, and frequency HLA-I alleles have likelihood developing LCS. We extracted characteristics histories from medical records 88 cases (LCS + group) 96 individuals without − group). Furthermore, we evaluated serum levels interleukin (IL)-6 tumor necrosis factor-α, parameters, frequencies alleles. Following this used multiple logistic regression association these variables had Subjects in group were more likely experienced severe symptoms higher body mass index (BMI), white blood cell, lymphocyte counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6 than those (for all: P < 0.05). Moreover, HLA-A*11, -B*14, -B*38, -B*50, -C*07 After adjusting for most important variables, suffering was significantly BMI, CRP, IL-6, alleles, as well positive history Our showed during acute phase disease, elevated CRP levels, all an increased

Язык: Английский

---

Analysis of the immune response in COVID-19

Progress in molecular biology and translational science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Coronavirus replicase epitopes induce cross-reactive CD8 T-cell responses in SARS-CoV-2-naive people with HIV-1

iScience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(3), С. 111949 - 111949

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

Cross-reactive T cell immunity between common cold coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 may influence COVID-19 susceptibility. To identify cross-reactive CD8 epitopes, we analyzed responses to 21 homologous replicase peptides in 177 people living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy, of which 133 did not have prior infection. Replicase induced IFN-γ 63% the SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals 73% SARS-CoV-2-infection. We could define several including HLA-B∗35:03 restricted CoV-YL8, characterized a CoV-YL8-specific receptor cloned from seronegative individual. Analysis association HLA-I alleles infections over 16-months period revealed that cohort 452 PLWH, C∗07 were underrepresented 55 persons history infection while HLA-B∗35:01 HLA-C∗04 associated higher rate. Taken together, our study suggests an HLA-I-mediated effect immunity.

Язык: Английский

---

Genetic Predictors of Paxlovid Treatment Response: The Role of IFNAR2, OAS1, OAS3, and ACE2 in COVID-19 Clinical Course

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(4), С. 156 - 156

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

Background: This study investigated the role of genetic polymorphisms in IFNAR2, OAS1, OAS3, and ACE2 as predictors Paxlovid treatment response, specifically examining their influence on clinical course laboratory parameters COVID-19 patients. Methods: We analyzed impact genes associated with interferon pathway (IFNAR2 rs2236757), antiviral response (OAS1 rs10774671, OAS3 rs10735079), viral entry (ACE2 rs2074192) individuals treated Paxlovid. Results: Our findings suggest that variations these may modulate immune coagulation pathways context during infection. Specifically, IFNAR2 rs2236757 G allele was alterations inflammatory markers, while OAS1 influenced parameters. Furthermore, specific genotypes were linked to changes such oxygen saturation, leukocyte count, liver function markers Paxlovid-treated Conclusions: These results highlight potential considering factors understanding individual responses informing future personalized approaches.

Язык: Английский

---

Evaluation the frequencies of HLA alleles in moderate and severe COVID-19 patients in Iran: A molecular HLA typing study

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(7), С. e28528 - e28528

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first reported in December 2019 and it has spread globally ever since. The HLA system is crucial directing anti-viral immunity recent studies are investigating the possible involvement of genes on severity immune inflammation different phases COVID-19.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, peripheral blood-extracted genomic DNAs 109 COVID-19 patients 70 healthy controls were genotyped for alleles HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1 loci using sequence-specific primer PCR method.ResultsThe results indicated that frequencies HLA-DRB1*11:01 HLA-DRB1*04:03 significantly higher severe rather than moderates (p: <0.001 0.004, respectively). Also, observed HLA-DRB1*04:01 more frequent moderate (p:0.002). In addition, HLA-B*07:35, HLA-DRB1*07:01 showed compared with 0.031 0.003 Inversely, due to HLA-B*51:01 (p:0.027), HLA-DRB1*11:05 (p:0.003), HLA-DRB1*13:05 (p:0.022), HLA-DRB1*14:01 (p:0.006) individuals patients, they may be associated resistance.ConclusionThe show that, based population differences, type related different, which should clarified by designing large-scale order develop HLA-based treatments vaccines.

Язык: Английский

---

Narrative Review Explaining the Role of HLA-A, -B, and -C Molecules in COVID-19 Disease in and around Africa

Infectious Disease Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(2), С. 380 - 406

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has left a devasting effect on various regions globally. Africa exceptionally high rates of other infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and malaria, was not impacted by COVID-19 to the extent continents Globally, caused approximately 7 million deaths 700 infections thus far. severity susceptibility vary among individuals populations, which could be attributed factors, including viral strain, host genetics, environment, lifespan, co-existing conditions. Host genetics play substantial part in individuals. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) previously been shown very important across immune responses against viruses. HLA widely studied gene region for associations that have identified. proteins present peptides cytotoxic lymphocytes, causes an response kill infected cells. molecule serves central association; therefore, we expect association with COVID-19. Therefore, this narrative review, look at region, particularly, class I, understand its role disease.

Язык: Английский

---

Frequency distribution of HLA class I and II alleles in Greek population and their significance in orchestrating the National Donor Registry Program

International Journal of Immunogenetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 51(3), С. 164 - 172

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

Abstract Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) represent one of the most polymorphic systems in humans, responsible for identification foreign and presentation immune responses. Therefore, HLA is considered to play a major role human disorders, donor‐recipient matching transplantation outcomes. This study aimed determine class I II alleles haplotypes Greek population. Moreover, comparative analysis haplotype frequencies found pooled European populations was also performed acquire better knowledge about distribution. A total number 1896 healthy individuals were typed their National Tissue Typing Center Greece. High‐resolution typing HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C ‐DR, ‐DQ, ‐DP with use next‐generation sequencing performed, followed by data establishing allele differences. The results this showed that frequent HLA‐A A*02:01:01 (27.1%), *24:02:01 (14.4%), *01:01:01 (9.3%), HLA‐B B*51:01:01 (15.3%), *18:01:01 (9.7%), *35:01:01 (6.8%) HLA‐C C*04:01:01 (15.4%), *07:01:01 (13.1%), *12:03:01 (9.6%). For II, HLA‐DRB1 DRB1*11:04:01 (16.4%), *16:01:01 (11.3%), *11:01:01 (9.5%), HLA‐DQB1 DQB1*03:01:01 (30.5%), *05:02:01 (15.1%), *05:01:01 (10.6%) HLA‐DPB1 DPB1*04:01:01 (34.8%), *02:01:01 (11.6%), *04:02:01 (7.3%). Additionally, A*02:01:01∼C*07:01:01‐B*18:01:01∼DRB1*11:04:01 (2.3%), A*01:01:01∼C*07:01:01∼B*08:01:01∼DRB1*03:01:01 (2.2%), A*24:02:01∼C*04:01:01∼B*35:02:01∼DRB1*11:04:01 (1.4%) A*02:01:01∼C*04:01:01∼B*35:01:01‐DRB1*14:01:01 (1.2%). herein comparable those obtained from populations. these can be used improvement procedure understand disease association

Язык: Английский

---

Lack of association between classical HLA genes and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

Human Genetics and Genomics Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(3), С. 100300 - 100300

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 immunogenicity: loss of immunodominant HLA-A*02-restricted epitopes that activate CD8+ T cells

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2023

Introduction and methods In this present work, coronavirus subfamilies SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern (VOCs) were investigated for the presence MHC-I immunodominant viral peptides using in silico vitro tools. Results our results, HLA-A*02 haplotype showed highest number epitopes but with lowest combined prediction score. Furthermore, a decrease score was observed HLA-A*02-restricted when original strain compared to VOCs, indicating that mutations on VOCs are promoting escape from HLA-A2-mediated antigen presentation, which characterizes immune evasion process. Additionally, epitope signature analysis revealed major immunogenic peptide loss structural (S) non-structural (ORF8) proteins comparison Wuhan sequence. Discussion These results may indicate antiviral CD8 + T-cell responses generated by strains could not be sufficient clearance variants either newly or reinfection SARS-CoV-2. contrast, N remain most conserved reactive across VOCs. Overall, data contribute rational design development new vaccinal platforms induce broad cellular T cell response, aiming at controlling transmission future variants.

Язык: Английский

---