Impacts of Gut Bacteria on Human Health and Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 16(4), С. 7493 - 7519

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2015

Gut bacteria are an important component of the microbiota ecosystem in human gut, which is colonized by 1014 microbes, ten times more than cells. play role health, such as supplying essential nutrients, synthesizing vitamin K, aiding digestion cellulose, and promoting angiogenesis enteric nerve function. However, they can also be potentially harmful due to change their composition when gut undergoes abnormal changes light use antibiotics, illness, stress, aging, bad dietary habits, lifestyle. Dysbiosis communities cause many chronic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, cancer, autism. This review summarizes discusses roles potential mechanisms health diseases.

Язык: Английский

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The Intestinal Microbiome in Early Life: Health and Disease

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 5

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2014

Human microbial colonization begins at birth and continues to develop modulate in species abundance for about three years, until the microbiota becomes adult-like. During same time period, children experience significant developmental changes that influence their current health status as well immune system. An ever-expanding number of articles associate several diseases with early life imbalances gut microbiota, also referred dysbiosis. Whether dysbiosis precedes plays a role disease pathogenesis, or simply originates from process itself is question beginning be answered few diseases, including IBD, obesity asthma. This review describes microbiome structure function during formative first years life, environmental factors determine its composition. It aims discuss recent advances understanding development immune-mediated, metabolic, neurological diseases. A greater how impacts our could potentially lead novel microbial-derived therapies target prevention an age.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota depletion from early adolescence in mice: Implications for brain and behaviour

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 48, С. 165 - 173

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms Underlying Microbial-Mediated Changes in Social Behavior in Mouse Models of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Neuron, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 101(2), С. 246 - 259.e6

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Advances in Solid Phase Microextraction and Perspective on Future Directions

Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 90(1), С. 302 - 360

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2017

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTAdvances in Solid Phase Microextraction and Perspective on Future DirectionsNathaly Reyes-GarcésNathaly Reyes-GarcésDepartment of Chemistry, University Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1More by Nathaly Reyes-GarcésView Biography, Emanuela GionfriddoEmanuela GionfriddoDepartment GionfriddoView German Augusto Gómez-RíosGerman Gómez-RíosDepartment Gómez-RíosView Md. Nazmul AlamMd. AlamDepartment AlamView Biographyhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6442-3569, Ezel BoyacıEzel BoyacıDepartment Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyMore BoyacıView Barbara BojkoBarbara BojkoDepartment Pharmacodynamics Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus Toruń, 85-067 PolandMore BojkoView Varoon SinghVaroon SinghDepartment SinghView Jonathan GrandyJonathan GrandyDepartment GrandyView Janusz Pawliszyn*Janusz PawliszynDepartment 3G1*Phone: +1 519 888 4641. Fax: 746 0435. E-mail: [email protected]More PawliszynView Biographyhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-9975-5811Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2018, 90, 1, 302–360Publication Date (Web):November 8, 2017Publication History Published online8 November 2017Published inissue 2 January 2018https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04502Copyright © 2017 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceArticle Views19709Altmetric-Citations440LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum full text article downloads since 2008 (both PDF HTML) across all institutions individuals. These metrics regularly updated to reflect usage leading up last few days.Citations number other articles citing this article, calculated Crossref daily. Find more information about citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure attention that research has received online. Clicking donut icon will load page at altmetric.com with additional details score social media presence for given article. how calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation abstractCitation referencesMore Options onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit (11 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting SUBJECTS:Coating materials,Computer simulations,Desorption,Extraction,Fibers e-Alerts

Язык: Английский

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The Gut Microbiome and the Brain

Journal of Medicinal Food, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 17(12), С. 1261 - 1272

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2014

The human gut microbiome impacts brain health in numerous ways: (1) Structural bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharides provide low-grade tonic stimulation of the innate immune system. Excessive due to dysbiosis, small intestinal overgrowth, or increased permeability may produce systemic and/or central nervous system inflammation. (2) Bacterial proteins cross-react with antigens stimulate dysfunctional responses adaptive (3) enzymes neurotoxic metabolites D-lactic acid and ammonia. Even beneficial short-chain fatty acids exert neurotoxicity. (4) Gut microbes can hormones neurotransmitters that are identical those produced by humans. receptors for these influence microbial growth virulence. (5) bacteria directly afferent neurons enteric send signals via vagus nerve. Through varied mechanisms, shape architecture sleep stress reactivity hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. They memory, mood, cognition clinically therapeutically relevant a range disorders, including alcoholism, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, restless legs syndrome. Their role multiple sclerosis neurologic manifestations celiac disease is being studied. Nutritional tools altering include changes diet, probiotics, prebiotics.

Язык: Английский

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Long-term benefit of Microbiota Transfer Therapy on autism symptoms and gut microbiota

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2019

Abstract Many studies have reported abnormal gut microbiota in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), suggesting a link between microbiome and autism-like behaviors. Modifying the is potential route to improve gastrointestinal (GI) behavioral symptoms children ASD, fecal transplant could transform dysbiotic toward healthy one by delivering large number of commensal microbes from donor. We previously performed an open-label trial Microbiota Transfer Therapy (MTT) that combined antibiotics, bowel cleanse, stomach-acid suppressant, transplant, observed significant improvements GI symptoms, autism-related microbiota. Here, we report on follow-up same 18 participants two years after treatment was completed. Notably, most were maintained, improved even more end treatment. Important changes at remained follow-up, including increases bacterial diversity relative abundances Bifidobacteria Prevotella . Our observations demonstrate long-term safety efficacy MTT as therapy treat ASD who problems, warrant double-blind, placebo-controlled future.

Язык: Английский

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Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2021

Hosting millions of microorganisms, the digestive tract is primary and most important part bacterial colonization. On one side, in cases opportunistic invasion, abundant population inside intestinal tissues may face potential health problems such as inflammation infections. Therefore, immune system has evolved to sustain host–microbiota symbiotic relationship. other hand, maintain host homeostasis, microflora often exerts an immunoregulatory function that cannot be ignored. A field great interest association either microbiota or probiotics with concerning clinical uses. This microbial community regulates some host’s metabolic physiological functions drives early-life maturation, contributing their homeostasis throughout life. Changes gut can occur through modification function, composition (dysbiosis), microbiota–host interplays. Studies on animals humans show have a pivotal effect modulation inflammatory mechanisms; however, precise mechanisms not yet been well defined. Diet, age, BMI (body mass index), medications, stress confound benefits probiotic intake. In addition (permeability physiology), all these agents profound implications for microbiome composition. The use could improve population, increase mucus-secretion, prevent destruction tight junction proteins by decreasing number lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). When LPS binds endothelial cells toll-like receptors (TLR 2, 4), dendritic macrophage are activated, markers increased. Furthermore, decrease dysbiosis leakage after therapy minimize development biomarkers blunt unnecessary activation system. turn, differentiation T-cells against Th2 cytokines IL-4 IL-10. present narrative review explores interactions between microflora/probiotics starting from general perspective biological plausibility get vitro vivo demonstrations probiotic-based approach up possible uses novel therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

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The role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 172, С. 105840 - 105840

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2021

Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota play a crucial role in bidirectional communication between and brain suggesting microbes may shape neural development, modulate neurotransmission affect behavior, thereby contribute to pathogenesis and/or progression of many neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, neurological conditions. This review summarizes recent data on microbiota-gut-brain axis pathophysiology neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson's disease, migraine, epilepsy. Also, involvement co-existing with conditions is highlighted. We discuss from both vivo preclinical experiments clinical reports including: (1) studies germ-free animals, (2) exploring composition animal models diseases or humans, (3) evaluating effects probiotic, prebiotic antibiotic treatment as well (4) fecal transplantation.

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiota-brain Axis

Chinese Medical Journal, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 129(19), С. 2373 - 2380

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2016

Objective: To systematically review the updated information about gut microbiota-brain axis. Data Sources: All articles axis published up to July 18, 2016, were identified through a literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, with keywords “gut microbiota”, “gut-brain axis”, “neuroscience”. Study Selection: relevant microbiota gut-brain included carefully reviewed, no limitation study design. Results: It is well-recognized that affects brain's physiological, behavioral, cognitive functions although its precise mechanism has not yet been fully understood. Gut may include their metabolic products, enteric nervous system, sympathetic parasympathetic branches within autonomic neural-immune neuroendocrine central system. Moreover, there be five communication routes between brain, including gut-brain's neural network, neuroendocrine-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, immune some neurotransmitters regulators synthesized by bacteria, barrier paths intestinal mucosal blood-brain barrier. The microbiome used define composition functional characteristics microbiota, metagenomics an appropriate technique characterize microbiota. Conclusions: refers bidirectional network which provide new way protect brain in near future.

Язык: Английский

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