Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 517 - 517

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2023

Neurodegenerative disorders constitute a substantial proportion of neurological diseases with significant public health importance. The pathophysiology neurodegenerative is characterized by complex interplay various general and disease-specific factors that lead to the end point neuronal degeneration loss, eventual clinical manifestations. Oxidative stress result an imbalance between pro-oxidant species antioxidant systems, elevation in levels reactive oxygen nitrogen species, reduction endogenous antioxidants. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted oxidative associated mitochondrial dysfunction be important players pathophysiologic processes involved conditions. In this article, we review current knowledge effects on central nervous system, different specific routes which influences Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Huntington’s how may therapeutically reversed/mitigated order stall pathological progression these bring about benefits.

Язык: Английский

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Immunology of Aging: the Birth of Inflammaging

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 64(2), С. 109 - 122

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Lipopolysaccharide as Mediators Between Gut Dysbiosis and Amyloid Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 78(2), С. 683 - 697

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2020

Metagenomic data support an association between certain bacterial strains and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their functional dynamics remain elusive.To investigate the amyloid pathology, products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) short chain fatty acids (SCFAs: acetate, valerate, butyrate), inflammatory mediators, markers of endothelial dysfunction in AD.Eighty-nine older persons with cognitive performance from normal to dementia underwent florbetapir PET blood collection. Brain amyloidosis was measured standardized uptake value ratio versus cerebellum. Blood levels LPS were by ELISA, SCFAs mass spectrometry, cytokines using real-time PCR, biomarkers flow cytometry. We investigated variables listed above Spearman's rank test.Amyloid SUVR positively associated (rho≥0.32, p≤0.006), acetate valerate (rho≥0.45, p < 0.001), pro-inflammatory (rho≥0.25, p≤0.012), p≤0.042). In contrast, it negatively correlated butyrate (rho≤-0.42, p≤0.020) anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 (rho≤-0.26, p≤0.009). Endothelial cytokines, p≤0.045) (rho≤-0.25, p≤0.038).We report a novel gut microbiota-related systemic inflammation brain via dysfunction, suggesting that represent candidate pathophysiologic links microbiota AD pathology.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative Stress in Ageing and Chronic Degenerative Pathologies: Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Counteracting Oxidative Stress and Chronic Inflammation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(13), С. 7273 - 7273

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022

Ageing and chronic degenerative pathologies demonstrate the shared characteristics of high bioavailability reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidative stress, chronic/persistent inflammation, glycation, mitochondrial abnormalities. Excessive ROS production results in nucleic acid protein destruction, thereby altering cellular structure functional outcome. To stabilise increased modulate human body produces antioxidants, “free radical scavengers”, that inhibit or delay cell damage. Reinforcing antioxidant defence system and/or counteracting deleterious repercussions immoderate nitrogen (RONS) is critical may curb progression ageing syndromes. Various therapeutic methods for stress reduction have been developed. However, scientific investigations are required to assess their efficacy. In this review, we summarise interconnected mechanism inflammation contributes pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Parkinson’s (PD), cardiovascular diseases CVD, diabetes mellitus (DM), kidney (CKD). We also highlight potential counteractive measures combat diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress: Focus on the Central Nervous System

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(6), С. 492 - 492

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2020

Cadmium (Cd), a category I human carcinogen, is well-known widespread environmental pollutant. Chronic Cd exposure affects different organs and tissues, such as the central nervous system (CNS), its deleterious effects can be linked to indirect reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Since predominantly present in +2 oxidation state, it interplay with plethora of channels transporters cell membrane surface order enter cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production, glutathione depletion lipid peroxidation are reviewed better characterize Cd-elicited molecular pathways. Furthermore, on CNS types have been highlighted elucidate role neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, increase blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability promotes entry that, turn, stimulates pericytes maintaining BBB open. Once inside CNS, acts glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes) triggering pro-inflammatory cascade that accounts for neurons inducing destruction synaptic branches.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative Stress in Ozone-Induced Chronic Lung Inflammation and Emphysema: A Facet of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2020

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) caused by cigarette smoke and characterized inflammation, alveolar destruction (emphysema) bronchiolar obstruction. Ozone is a gaseous constituent urban air pollution resulting from photochemical interaction pollutants such as nitrogen oxide organic compounds. While acute exposure to ozone induces airway hyperreactivity neutrophilic mice causes activation oxidative pathways cell death bronchial inflammation with emphysema, mimicking smoke-induced COPD. Therefore, has become model for studying We review recent data on mechanisms induced lung focusing causing respiratory epithelial injury, death, destruction, tissue remodeling associated development AHR. The initial oxidant insult may result direct effects integrity membranes organelles exposed cells airways response release mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA, proteases. Mitochondrial ROS DNA activate NLRP3 inflammasome sensors cGAS STING accelerating including caspases enhancing septa remodeling, fibrosis. Inhibitors ROS, inflammasome, sensor, pathways, IL-1 represent novel therapeutic targets diseases underlined stress.

Язык: Английский

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Nanodelivery of Natural Antioxidants: An Anti-aging Perspective

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2020

The aging process is known to be associated with heightened oxidative stress and related systemic inflammation. Therefore, antioxidant supplementation regarded as a promising strategy combat pathological conditions. Food-grade antioxidants from plant-derived extracts are the most common ingredients of these supplements. Phyto-bioactive compounds such curcumin, resveratrol, catechins, quercetin among commonly applied natural used potential modulators free radical-induced cellular damages. therapeutic is, however, restricted by their low bioavailability poor solubility, stability absorbance in gastrointestinal tract. Recently, novel nanotechnology-based systems were developed for delivery improved and, consequently, efficacy clinical practice. Such have provided many benefits preclinical research over conventional preparations, including superior solubility stability, extended half-life, epithelium permeability bioavailability, enhanced tissue targeting minimized side effects. present review summarizes recent developments nanodelivery its application conditions stress.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants in Ovarian Aging

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2021

The ovarian system comprises vital organs in females and is of great significance for the maintenance reproductive potential endocrine stability. Although complex pathogenesis undoubtedly contributes to aging, increasing attention being paid extensive influence oxidative stress. However, role stress aging yet be fully elucidated. Exploring stress-related processes might a promising strategy against aging. In this review, compelling evidence shown that plays etiology promotes development other aging-related etiologies, including telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, inflammation. addition, some natural antioxidants such as quercetin, resveratrol, curcumin have protective ovaries through multiple mechanisms. These findings raise prospect modulator-natural therapeutic interventions delaying

Язык: Английский

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Chronic inflammation and the hallmarks of aging

Molecular Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 74, С. 101755 - 101755

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2023

Recently, the hallmarks of aging were updated to include dysbiosis, disabled macroautophagy, and chronic inflammation. In particular, low-grade inflammation during aging, without overt infection, is defined as "inflammaging," which associated with increased morbidity mortality in population. Emerging evidence suggests a bidirectional cyclical relationship between development age-related conditions, such cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, cancer, frailty. How crosstalk other underlies biological mechanisms disease thus particular interest current geroscience research.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative Stress Status in COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit for Severe Pneumonia. A Pilot Study

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(2), С. 257 - 257

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2021

Background: A key role of oxidative stress has been highlighted in the pathogenesis COVID-19. However, little said about status (OSS) COVID-19 patients hospitalized intensive care unit (ICU). Material and Methods: Biomarkers systemic OSS included antioxidants (9 assays), trace elements (3 inflammation markers (4 assays) damage to lipids assays). Results: Blood samples were drawn after 9 (7–11) 41 (39–43) days ICU stay, respectively 3 6 patients. Vitamin C, thiol proteins, reduced glutathione, γ-tocopherol, β-carotene PAOT® score significantly decreased compared laboratory reference values. Selenium concentration was at limit lower value. By contrast, copper/zinc ratio (as a source stress) higher than values 55% while copper correlated with lipid peroxides (r = 0.95, p < 0.001). Inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein myeloperoxidase) increased when normals. Conclusions: The strongly altered critically ill as evidenced by peroxidation but also deficits some (vitamin proteins) (selenium).

Язык: Английский

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