Changes in symptoms and characteristics of COVID-19 patients across different variants: two years study using neural network analysis

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare in personal characteristics, symptoms, underlying conditions individuals infected with different strains COVID-19.This descriptive-analytical was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 23, 2022, South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics were extracted based self-report information system. data analyzed using logistic regression artificial neural network approaches. R software used for analysis significance level 0.05 considered tests.Among cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) male, mean age 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There significant difference among variants disease (p < 0.001). factors positive association myalgia (OR: 2.04; 95% CI, 1.76 - 2.36), cough 1.93; 1.68-2.22), taste or smell disorder 2.62; 2.1 3.28). Additionally, aging found increase likelihood across six periods.We older age, myalgia, taste/smell are better compared dyspnea high body temperature, identifying patient. As evolved, chills diarrhea, demonstrated prognostic strength as Omicron.

Language: Английский

---

Moving Biosurveillance Beyond Coded Data Using AI for Symptom Detection From Physician Notes: Retrospective Cohort Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26, P. e53367 - e53367

Published: April 4, 2024

Background Real-time surveillance of emerging infectious diseases necessitates a dynamically evolving, computable case definition, which frequently incorporates symptom-related criteria. For symptom detection, both population health monitoring platforms and research initiatives primarily depend on structured data extracted from electronic records. Objective This study sought to validate test an artificial intelligence (AI)–based natural language processing (NLP) pipeline for detecting COVID-19 symptoms physician notes in pediatric patients. We specifically patients presenting the emergency department (ED) who can be sentinel cases outbreak. Methods Subjects this retrospective cohort are 21 years age younger, presented ED at large academic children’s hospital between March 1, 2020, May 31, 2022. The all were processed with NLP tuned detect mention 11 based Centers Disease Control Prevention (CDC) gold standard, 3 subject matter experts labeled 226 had strong agreement (F1-score=0.986; positive predictive value [PPV]=0.972; sensitivity=1.0). F1-score, PPV, sensitivity used compare performance International Classification Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) coding standard chart review. As formative use case, variations patterns measured across SARS-CoV-2 variant eras. Results There 85,678 encounters during period, including 4% (n=3420) COVID-19. was more accurate identifying that any (F1-score=0.796) than ICD-10 codes (F1-score =0.451). accuracy higher (sensitivity=0.930) (sensitivity=0.300). However, negative (specificity=0.994) (specificity=0.917). Congestion or runny nose showed highest difference (NLP: F1-score=0.828 ICD-10: F1-score=0.042). COVID-19, prevalence estimates each differed Patients likely have detected without disease. Effect sizes (odds ratios) varied pandemic Conclusions establishes AI-based as highly effective tool real-time detection patients, outperforming traditional methods. It also reveals evolving nature different virus variants, underscoring need dynamic, technology-driven approaches disease surveillance.

Language: Английский

---

Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of anxiety and depression

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 17, 2025

It remains unclear whether emerging mental health concerns in children infected with SARS-CoV-2 are a direct result of the infection or due to indirect effects pandemic. Therefore, we sought assess frequency new diagnoses anxiety and/or depression among diagnosed and without who were tested pediatric emergency departments. A prospective cohort study 6- 12-month follow-ups was conducted across 14 Canadian tertiary-care departments Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) network. The included aged <18 years for between August 2020 February 2022. primary outcome diagnosis reported during follow-up. surveys incorporated modified version International Severe Acute Respiratory Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) Long-COVID Questionnaire. Among participants eligible follow-ups, 64.7% (268/414) SARS-CoV-2-positive 71.9% (743/1,033) SARS-CoV-2-negative completed follow-up at these time points, respectively. median age 7.0 [inter-quartile range (IQR): 5.0-11.0] years, 54.2% (548/1,011) male. New on either survey did not differ significantly test-positive (4.1%, 11/268) test-negative (2.8%; 21/743) [difference = 1.3% (95% CI: -1.3 4.2)]. There higher prevalence ≥12 relative those <12 [8.7% (13/149) vs. (8/594); difference 7.4%; 95% CI 3.0-12.5], but [4.4% (2/45) 4.0% (9/223); 0.4%; -5.6 9.4]. At 6 12 months, more likely experience confusion lack concentration, abdominal pain, insomnia. Although no association found depression, confusion/lack This finding, context an increased underscores impacts societal changes children. Our finding that some non-specific symptoms frequently by emphasizes need further investigation underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms.

Language: Английский

---

Inflammatory Markers in Febrile Young Infants With and Without SARS-CoV-2 Infections

PEDIATRICS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 153(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Neurological manifestations and risk factors associated with poor prognosis in hospitalized children with Omicron variant infection

European Journal of Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 183(5), P. 2353 - 2363

Published: March 2, 2024

Language: Английский

---

True prevalence of long COVID in children: a narrative review

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 14, 2023

Contrary to what is true for adults, little known about pediatric long COVID (LC). Studies enrolling children are relatively few and extremely heterogeneous. This does not allow draw definitive conclusions on the frequency pathogenesis of LC limits development appropriate effective measures contain clinical, social economic impact this condition population. Depending methods used collect analyze data, studies have found that incidence rate may vary from 25% less than 5%. However, despite prevalence cannot be exactly defined, comparing with previous COVID-19 uninfected controls shown most clinical manifestations detected in infected children, mainly mood symptoms, mental health disorders heart abnormalities could diagnosed similar severity subjects also. seems indicate SARS-CoV-2 cause only a part other factors play relevant role regard. Pandemic itself persistent disruption child lives caused stress all population causing or several organ body system functional alterations, regardless infection. These suppositions suggest need long-term physical control after especially when they were already suffering an underlying disease had severe disease. Moreover, attention should paid assessment change children’s emotional behavioral functioning order assure adequate interventions best well being. whatever its origin, it highly likely set decline future. Preliminary observations seem recently developed variants associated COVID-19. suggests that, as seen lower number virus-associated cases occur. Furthermore, use vaccines, reducing infection, reduce risk development. Finally, elimination restrictive significantly symptoms disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Employee investigation and contact tracing program in a pediatric cancer hospital to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 among the workforce, patients, and caregivers

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Background Case investigations and contact tracing are essential disease control measures used by health departments. Early in the pandemic, they were seen as a key strategy to stop COVID-19 spread. The CDC urged rapid action scale up train large workforce collaborate across public private agencies halt transmission. Methods We developed program for case investigation that followed local guidelines, compliant with Occupational Safety Health Administration (OSHA) regulations tailored needs resources of our institution. Program staff trained assessed competency before joining program. Results From March 2020 May 2021, we performed 838 investigations, which led 136 contacts. Most employees reported known SARS-CoV-2 exposure from community ( n = 435) or household 343). Only seven (5.1%) determined more likely than not have infection related workplace exposure, when so, lapses following masking recommendations identified. Between June 2021–February 2022, adjusted demand different waves, particularly omicron, significantly reducing amount data collected. No transmission patients caregivers was observed during this period. Conclusion Prompt implementation is possible, it effectively reduces exposures. This approach can be adapted suit specific requirements various healthcare settings, those serving most vulnerable patient populations.

Language: Английский

---

Post–COVID-19 Condition in Children 6 and 12 Months After Infection

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(12), P. e2349613 - e2349613

Published: Dec. 28, 2023

There is a need to understand the long-term outcomes among children infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

---

Differences in the Clinical Manifestations and Host Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Children Compared to Adults

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 128 - 128

Published: Dec. 26, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic challenged the medical field to rapidly identify and implement new approaches diagnosis, treatment prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections. scientific community also needed initiate basic, translational, clinical epidemiological studies understand pathophysiology this family viruses, which continues evolve with emergence genetic variants. One earliest observations that provided a framework for research was finding that, in contrast most other respiratory children developed less severe acute post-acute disease compared adults. Although manifestations infection changed each wave pandemic, dominated by evolving viral variants, differences severity between adults persisted. Comparative immunologic have shown mount more vigorous local innate response characterized activation interferon pathways recruitment cells mucosa, may mitigate against hyperinflammatory adaptive systemic cytokine release likely contributed outcomes including distress syndrome In review, responses during different waves are discussed.

Language: Английский

---

The changing clinical presentation of COVID‐19 in children during the course of the pandemic

Acta Paediatrica, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 113(4), P. 771 - 777

Published: Dec. 16, 2023

Abstract Aim To investigate the evolution of clinical symptoms COVID‐19 in children throughout pandemic. Methods In this national prospective surveillance study, hospitalised with were collected from all paediatric hospitals Switzerland between March 2020 and 2023. Data was analysed across four time periods, according to predominantly circulating SARS‐CoV‐2 variant: T1 (wild‐type), T2 (Alpha), T3 (Delta) T4 (Omicron), as well by age group. Results The study included 1323 children. proportion admitted an intensive care unit remained stable However, pattern frequency manifestations changed over time. Respiratory less prevalent during fever (Alpha) rash (Omicron). contrast, neurological more Newly described (Omicron) conjunctivitis, laryngotracheitis seizures. Fever among neonates infants whereas respiratory common infants. Gastrointestinal frequent toddlers, while both toddlers school‐aged presented often than other groups. Conclusion Continuous is required detect changes there be prepared for optimal management complications COVID‐19.

Language: Английский

---