Prevalence and temporal trends in myopia and high myopia children in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis with projections from 2020 to 2050

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 101484 - 101484

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

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Advances in myopia control strategies for children

British Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. bjo - 323887

Published: May 22, 2024

Myopia has long been a global threat to public health. Timely interventions are likely reduce the risk of vision-threatening complications. There both established and rapidly evolving therapeutic approaches slow myopia progression and/or delay its onset. The effective methods for slowing include atropine eye-drops, defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses, lenses with highly aspherical lenslets target (HALT), diffusion optics technology (DOT) red light therapy (RLT), multifocal soft contact orthokeratology. Among these, 0.05% atropine, HALT RLT +3.00 peripheral addition yield over 60% reduction in progression, whereas DIMS, DOT MiSight demonstrate at least 50% control efficacy. demonstrates more optimal balance efficacy safety than 0.01%. 0.01% not consistent requires further validation across diverse ethnicities. Combining orthokeratology or DIMS spectacles yields better outcomes using these as monotherapies. Increased outdoor time is an health strategy prevention while recent studies suggest that low-concentration have promising potential clinical high-risk groups. being invasive, safe long-term use. However, when considering other approaches, it essential ensure proper instruction regular follow-ups maintain monitor any Ultimately, significant advances made strategies, many which shown meaningful outcomes. use adequate monitoring extended durations imperative foster confidence can only come from extensive experience.

Language: Английский

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Complications of high myopia: an update from clinical manifestations to underlying mechanisms

Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(3), P. 156 - 163

Published: June 21, 2024

High myopia is one of the major causes visual impairment and has an ever-increasing prevalence, especially in East Asia. It characterized by excessive axial elongation, leading to various blinding complications that extend beyond mere refractive errors persist immovably after surgery, presenting substantial public health challenge.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and Severity of Astigmatism in Children After COVID-19

JAMA Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 20, 2025

Importance Astigmatism can cause blurred vision at near and distance. It is common among schoolchildren associated with ametropia. Although the COVID-19 pandemic generated a surge in myopia prevalence children, association child astigmatism remains unknown. Objective To report of refractive corneal from 2015 to 2023 explore associations between astigmatism. Design, Setting, Participants This population-based cross-sectional study stratified all primary schools registered Education Bureau Hong Kong into 7 clustered regions used by Hospital Authority Services Kong. were aged 6 8 years who underwent comprehensive ocular examinations 2 academic medical centers 2023. was measured optical biometry auto-refractor after cycloplegia. Exposure pandemic. Main Outcomes Measures The annual rates outcome measures. Logistic regression evaluate risks Linear magnitudes Results cohort consisted 21 655 children: 11 464 boys (52.9%) 10 191 girls (47.1%); their mean (SD) age 7.31 (0.90) years. rate least 1.0 diopter (D) 21.4% D 59.8% increased 34.7% (difference, 13.3%; 95% CI, 9.3%-17.3%) 64.7% 4.9%; 0.5%-9.2%), respectively, 2022-2023. 20% increase risk (odd ratio [OR], 1.20; 1.09-1.33; P < .001), 26% (OR, 1.26; 1.15-1.38; 0.04 magnitude (95% 0.02-0.07; 0.05 0.02-0.08; compared prepandemic period 2015-2019 adjusting for sociodemographic factors, parental astigmatism, myopia. Conclusions Relevance found an both severity Corneal changes especially along steepest meridian may explain some progression potential impact higher degrees warrant dedicated efforts elucidate relationship environmental and/or lifestyle as well pathophysiology

Language: Английский

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The Current and Future Landscape of the Childhood Myopia Epidemic in China—A Review

Ophthalmology and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 883 - 894

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Over the last two decades, prevalence of myopia has gradually increased in China. Numerous epidemiological studies suggest that education and inadequate time spent outdoors are major causes current epidemic. China is one few countries begun to address epidemic with a national-level strategy, implementing nationwide reform, cost-reduction measurements, dissemination information on prevention control. These "natural experiments" will provide insights into areas may face similar or potential problems.

Language: Английский

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Advances in myopia prevention strategies for school-aged children: a comprehensive review

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Myopia has significantly risen in East and Southeast Asia, the pathological outcomes of this condition, such as myopic maculopathy optic neuropathy linked to high myopia, have emerged leading causes irreversible vision loss. Addressing issue requires strategies reduce myopia prevalence prevent progression myopia. Encouraging outdoor activities for schoolchildren reducing near-work screen time can effectively development, offering a safe intervention that promotes healthier habits. Several clinical approaches be employed decelerate progression, administering low-dose atropine eye drops (0.05%), utilizing orthokeratology lenses, implementing soft contact lenses equipped with control features, incorporating spectacle aspherical lenslets. When choosing an appropriate strategy, factors age, ethnicity, rate should considered. However, some treatments may encounter obstacles adverse side effects, costs, complex procedures, or limited effectiveness. Presently, appear promising options managing The measures mentioned above are not necessarily mutually exclusive, researchers increasingly exploring their combined effects. By advocating personalized approach based on individual risk unique needs each child, review aims contribute development targeted effective prevention strategies, thereby minimizing impact its related complications among school-aged children affected regions.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and Estimation of the Evolution of Myopia in Spanish Children

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 1800 - 1800

Published: March 21, 2024

Background: In recent decades, myopia has turned into a public health issue across the world. Between 1993 and 2016, percentage of myopes increased from 10.4% to 34.2%. This study aims analyze prevalence in Spanish children five seven years old over last predict rate Spain by 2030. Methods: The sample consisted aged between 5 7, who underwent an optometric examination consisting measurement visual acuity (VA) determination objective subjective refraction. cut-off points define refractive error are established spherical equivalent (SE) value: hyperopia for SE or equal +0.50 D; under −0.50 emmetropia when is D D. Results: was 19%. Myopia progressively as grew up (p ≤ 0.001). It estimated that, year 2030, will be 30.2% [CI: 25.3–35.0], which 81.9% 78.3–85.3] have low myopia, 10.0% 7.2–12.8] moderate 7.3% 4.9–9.7] high myopia. Conclusions: Nineteen percent myopes. expected that 7 age These estimations support eye care professionals recommending spend more time outdoors prevent onset use methods control avoid reaching these figures

Language: Английский

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Predicting the onset of myopia in children by age, sex, and ethnicity: Results from the CLEERE Study

Optometry and Vision Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 101(4), P. 179 - 186

Published: April 1, 2024

SIGNIFICANCE Clinicians and researchers would benefit from being able to predict the onset of myopia for an individual child. This report provides a model calculating probability onset, year-by-year cumulatively, based on results largest, most ethnically diverse study in United States. PURPOSE aimed previously nonmyopic school-aged children. METHODS Children aged 6 years less than 14 age at baseline participating Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation Ethnicity Refractive Error (CLEERE) Study who were hyperopic +3.00 D (spherical equivalent) followed up 1 7 through eighth grade. Annual measurements included cycloplegic autorefraction, keratometry, ultrasound axial dimensions, parental children's near work time spent outdoor and/or sports activities. The was defined as first visit with least −0.75 each principal meridian. predictive built using discrete survival analysis evaluated C statistics. RESULTS spherical equivalent refractive error, horizontal/vertical component astigmatism ( J 0 ), age, sex, race/ethnicity. Onset more likely lower amounts hyperopia positive/more negative values . Younger Asian American females had highest eventual whereas older White males lowest. Model performance increased statistics ranging 0.83 0.92 13 years. CONCLUSIONS can be estimated children major racial/ethnic groups within States cumulative basis simple set error demographic variables.

Language: Английский

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A myopia epidemic is sweeping the globe. Here’s how to stop it

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 629(8014), P. 989 - 991

Published: May 29, 2024

Time spent outdoors is the best defence against rising rates of short-sightedness, but scientists are searching for other ways to reverse troubling trend.

Language: Английский

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Leveraging generative AI for enhancing university-level English writing: comparative insights on automated feedback and student engagement

Cogent Education, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

This study explores the impact of generative AI-based feedback, specifically utilizing ChatGPT, on essay-writing proficiency and revision outcomes university students in Hong Kong. A randomized controlled trial was conducted, where one group received AI-generated feedback while control traditional feedback. The investigates both quantitative improvements essay revisions qualitative aspects student engagement, motivation, emotional response to AI Results indicate that who demonstrated statistically significant their writing quality reported higher levels motivation engagement during process. Additionally, thematic analysis from interviews revealed mixed responses, though many participants highlighted usefulness providing targeted, actionable research contributes growing body evidence supporting integration tools education for enhancing learning reducing instructor workload.

Language: Английский

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