Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease

Cell Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 492 - 506

Published: May 20, 2020

Abstract The interplay between the commensal microbiota and mammalian immune system development function includes multifold interactions in homeostasis disease. microbiome plays critical roles training of major components host’s innate adaptive system, while orchestrates maintenance key features host-microbe symbiosis. In a genetically susceptible host, imbalances microbiota-immunity under defined environmental contexts are believed to contribute pathogenesis multitude immune-mediated disorders. Here, we review microbiome-immunity crosstalk their health disease, providing examples molecular mechanisms orchestrating these intestine extra-intestinal organs. We highlight aspects current knowledge, challenges limitations achieving causal understanding host immune-microbiome interactions, as well impact on diseases, discuss how insights may translate towards future microbiome-targeted therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Colorectal cancer

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Nov. 5, 2015

Language: Английский

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Analysis of Fusobacterium persistence and antibiotic response in colorectal cancer

Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 358(6369), P. 1443 - 1448

Published: Nov. 23, 2017

Bacteria go the distance in cancer The bacterial species Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with a subset of human colorectal cancers, but its role tumorigenesis unclear. Studying patient samples, Bullman et al. found that F. and certain co-occurring bacteria were present not only primary tumors also distant metastases. Preliminary evidence suggests bacterium localized primarily within metastatic cells rather than stroma. Antibiotic treatment mice carrying xenografts –positive slowed tumor growth, consistent causal for tumorigenesis. Science , this issue p. 1443

Language: Английский

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Natural history of the infant gut microbiome and impact of antibiotic treatment on bacterial strain diversity and stability

Science Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 8(343)

Published: June 15, 2016

The gut microbial community is dynamic during the first 3 years of life, before stabilizing to an adult-like state. However, little known about impact environmental factors on developing human microbiome. We report a longitudinal study microbiome based DNA sequence analysis monthly stool samples and clinical information from 39 children, half whom received multiple courses antibiotics life. Whereas most children born by vaginal delivery was dominated Bacteroides species, four cesarean section 20% vaginally lacked in 6 18 months Longitudinal sampling, coupled with whole-genome shotgun sequencing, allowed detection strain-level variation as well abundance antibiotic resistance genes. microbiota antibiotic-treated less diverse terms both bacterial species strains, some often single strains. In addition, we observed short-term composition changes between consecutive treated antibiotics. Antibiotic genes carried chromosomes showed peak after treatment followed sharp decline, whereas mobile elements persisted longer therapy ended. Our results highlight value high-density sampling studies high-resolution strain profiling for studying establishment response perturbation infant

Language: Английский

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Diet, microorganisms and their metabolites, and colon cancer

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 691 - 706

Published: Nov. 16, 2016

Language: Английский

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Fusobacterium nucleatum — symbiont, opportunist and oncobacterium

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 156 - 166

Published: Dec. 13, 2018

Language: Английский

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The microbiome and human cancer

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 371(6536)

Published: March 25, 2021

Microbial roles in cancer formation, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment have been disputed for centuries. Recent studies provocatively claimed that bacteria, viruses, and/or fungi are pervasive among cancers, key actors immunotherapy, engineerable to treat metastases. Despite these findings, the number of microbes known directly cause carcinogenesis remains small. Critically evaluating building frameworks such evidence light modern biology is an important task. In this Review, we delineate between causal complicit trace common themes their influence through host's immune system, herein defined as immuno-oncology-microbiome axis. We further review intratumoral approaches manipulate gut or tumor microbiome while projecting next phase experimental discovery.

Language: Английский

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Fusobacterium nucleatumin colorectal carcinoma tissue and patient prognosis

Gut, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 65(12), P. 1973 - 1980

Published: Aug. 26, 2015

Objective

Accumulating evidence links the intestinal microbiota and colorectal carcinogenesis. Fusobacterium nucleatum may promote tumour growth inhibit T cell-mediated immune responses against tumours. Thus, we hypothesised that amount of F. in carcinoma might be associated with worse clinical outcome.

Design

We used molecular pathological epidemiology database 1069 rectal colon cancer cases Nurses' Health Study Professionals Follow-up Study, measured DNA tissue. Cox proportional hazards model was to compute hazard ratio (HR), controlling for potential confounders, including microsatellite instability (MSI, mismatch repair deficiency), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA mutations, LINE-1 hypomethylation (low-level methylation).

Results

Compared nucleatum-negative cases, multivariable HRs (95% CI) cancer-specific mortality nucleatum-low nucleatum-high were 1.25 (0.82 1.92) 1.58 (1.04 2.39), respectively, (p trend=0.020). The MSI-high (multivariable odd (OR), 5.22; 95% CI 2.86 9.55) independent CIMP BRAF mutation status, whereas only univariate analyses (p<0.001) but not multivariate analysis adjusted MSI status.

Conclusions

tissue is shorter survival, potentially serve as a prognostic biomarker. Our data have implications developing prevention treatment strategies through targeting GI microflora by diet, probiotics antibiotics.

Language: Английский

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Fusobacterium nucleatum Increases Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells and Tumor Development in Mice by Activating Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling to Nuclear Factor−κB, and Up-regulating Expression of MicroRNA-21

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 152(4), P. 851 - 866.e24

Published: Nov. 19, 2016

Language: Английский

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Two FOXP3+CD4+ T cell subpopulations distinctly control the prognosis of colorectal cancers

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 679 - 684

Published: April 25, 2016

Language: Английский

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